Wet houdende instemming met de Overeenkomst tussen de Regering van het Koninkrijk België en de Regering van de Republiek Singapore tot het vermijden v

15 JULI 2008. - Wet houdende instemming met de Overeenkomst tussen de Regering van het Koninkrijk België en de Regering van de Republiek Singapore tot het vermijden van dubbele belasting en tot het voorkomen van het ontgaan van belasting inzake belastingen naar het inkomen, en met het Protocol, ondertekend te Singapore op 6 november 2006 (1) (2) ALBERT II, Koning der Belgen, Aan allen die nu zijn en hierna wezen zullen, Onze Groet. De Kamers hebben aangenomen en Wij bekrachtigen hetgeen volgt : Artikel 1.Deze wet regelt een aangelegenheid als bedoeld in artikel 77 van de Grondwet. Art. 2.De Overeenkomst tussen de Regering van het Koninkrijk België en de Regering van de Republiek Singapore tot het vermijden van dubbele belasting en tot het voorkomen van het ontgaan van belasting inzake belastingen naar het inkomen, en het Protocol, ondertekend te Singapore op 6 november 2006, zullen volkomen gevolg hebben. Kondigen deze wet af, bevelen dat zij met 's Lands zegel zal worden bekleed en door het Belgisch Staatsblad zal worden bekendgemaakt. Gegeven te Brussel, 15 juli 2008. ALBERT Van Koningswege : De Minister van Buitenlandse Zaken, K. DE GUCHT De Minister van Financiën, D. REYNDERS Met 's Lands zegel gezegeld : De Minister van Justitie, J. VANDEURZEN _______ Nota's (1) Zitting 2007-2008. Senaat. Documenten. - Ontwerp van wet ingediend op 13 maart 2008, nr. 4-638/1. - Verslag, nr. 4-638/2. Parlementaire Handelingen. - Bespreking. Vergadering van 8 mei 2008. - Stemming. Vergadering van 8 mei 2008. Kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers. Documenten. - Ontwerp overgezonden door de Senaat, nr. 52-1155/1. - Tekst aangenomen in plenaire vergadering en aan de Koning ter bekrachtiging voorgelegd, nr. 52-1155/2. Parlementaire Handelingen. - Bespreking. Vergadering van 19 juni 2008. - Stemming. Vergadering van 19 juni 2008. (2) Overeenkomstig haar artikel 29 treedt deze Overeenkomst in werking op 27 november 2008. Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium and the Government of the Republic of Singapore for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income The Government of the Kingdom of Belgium and The Government of the Republic of Singapore, Desiring to conclude an Agreement for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income, Have agreed as follows : Article 1 Persons Covered This Agreement shall apply to persons who are residents of one or both of the Contracting States. Article 2 Taxes Covered 1. This Agreement shall apply to taxes on income imposed on behalf of a Contracting State or of its political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied.2. There shall be regarded as taxes on income all taxes imposed on total income or on elements of income, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property, taxes on the total amounts of wages or salaries paid by enterprises, as well as taxes on capital appreciation.3. The existing taxes to which the Agreement shall apply are in particular : (a) in the case of Singapore : - the income tax (hereinafter referred to as « Singapore tax »);(b) in the case of Belgium : (i) the individual income tax; (ii) the corporate income tax; (iii) the income tax on legal entities; (iv) the income tax on non-residents; including the prepayments and the surcharges on these taxes and prepayments; (hereinafter referred to as « Belgian tax »). 4. The Agreement shall apply also to any identical or substantially similar taxes that are imposed after the date of signature of the Agreement in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes.The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall notify each other of any significant changes that have been made in their taxation laws. Article 3 General Definitions 1. For the purposes of this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires : (a) the term « Belgium » means the Kingdom of Belgium;used in a geographical sense, it means the territory of the Kingdom of Belgium, including the territorial sea and any other area in the sea within which the Kingdom of Belgium, in accordance with international law, exercises sovereign rights or jurisdiction; (b) the term « Singapore » means the Republic of Singapore and when used in a geographical sense, the term « Singapore » includes the territorial waters of Singapore and any area extending beyond the limits of the territorial waters of Singapore, and the sea-bed and subsoil of any such area, which has been or may hereafter be designated under the laws of Singapore and in accordance with international law as an area over which Singapore has sovereign rights for the purposes of exploring and exploiting the natural resources, whether living or non-living;(c) the term « person » includes an individual, a company and any other body of persons;(d) the term « company » means any body corporate or any entity that is treated as a body corporate for tax purposes in the Contracting State of which it is a resident;(e) the terms « enterprise of a Contracting State » and « enterprise of the other Contracting State » mean respectively an enterprise carried on by a resident of a Contracting State and an enterprise carried on by a resident of the other Contracting State;(f) the term « international traffic » means any transport by a ship or aircraft operated by an enterprise of a Contracting State, except when the ship or aircraft is operated solely between places in the other Contracting State;(g) the term « competent authority » means : (i) in the case of Belgium, the Minister of Finance or his authorised representative, and (ii) in the case of Singapore, the Minister for Finance or his authorised representative;(h) the term « national », in relation to a Contracting State, means : (i) any individual possessing the nationality of that Contracting State; (ii) any legal person, partnership or association deriving its status as such from the laws in force in that Contracting State. 2. As regards the application of the Agreement at any time by a Contracting State, any term not defined therein shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning that it has at that time under the law of that State for the purposes of the taxes to which the Agreement applies, any meaning under the applicable tax laws of that State prevailing over a meaning given to the term under other laws of that State. Article 4 Resident 1. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term « resident of a Contracting State » means any person who, under the laws of that State, is liable to tax therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of management or any other criterion of a similar nature, and also includes that State and any political subdivision or local authority thereof or any statutory body.2. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then his status shall be determined as follows : (a) he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State in which he has a permanent home available to him;if he has a permanent home available to him in both States, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State with which his personal and economic relations are closer (centre of vital interests); (b) if the State in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either State, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State in which he has an habitual abode;(c) if he has an habitual abode in both States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State of which he is a national;(d) in any other case, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the question by mutual agreement.3. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State in which its place of effective management is situated.If its place of effective management cannot be determined, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the question by mutual agreement. Article 5 Permanent Establishment 1. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term « permanent establishment » means a fixed place of business through which the business of an enterprise is wholly or partly carried on.2. The term « permanent establishment » includes especially : (a) a place of management;(b) a branch;(c) an office;(d) a factory;(e) a workshop;and (f) a mine, an oil or gas well, a quarry or any other place of extraction of natural resources.3. The term « permanent establishment » also includes : (a) a building site, a construction, installation or assembly project, or supervisory activities connected therewith, but only where such site, project or activities last for more than 12 months;(b) the furnishing of services, including consultancy services, by an enterprise of a Contracting State through employees or other personnel engaged by the enterprise for such purpose, but only where activities of that nature continue (for the same or a connected project) within the other Contracting State for a period or periods aggregating more than 183 days in any twelve month period commencing or ending in the taxable period concerned.4. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, the term « permanent establishment » shall be deemed not to include : (a) the use of facilities solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise;(b) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of storage, display or delivery;(c) the maintenance of a stock of goods or merchandise belonging to the enterprise solely for the purpose of processing by another enterprise;(d) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of purchasing goods or merchandise or of collecting information, for the enterprise;(e) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for the purpose of carrying on, for the enterprise, any other activity of a preparatory or auxiliary character;(f) the maintenance of a fixed place of business solely for any combination of activities mentioned in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e), provided that the overall activity of the fixed place of business resulting from this combination is of a preparatory or auxiliary character.5. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, where a person - other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 6 applies - is acting on behalf of an enterprise and has, and habitually exercises, in a Contracting State an authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise, that enterprise shall be deemed to have a permanent establishment in that State in respect of any activities which that person undertakes for the enterprise, unless the activities of such person are limited to those mentioned in paragraph 4 which, if exercised through a fixed place of business, would not make this fixed place of business a permanent establishment under the provisions of that paragraph.6. An enterprise shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in a Contracting State merely because it carries on business in that State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, provided that such persons are acting in the ordinary course of their business.7. The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting State controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State, or which carries on business in that other State (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other. Article 6 Income from Immovable Property 1. Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State from immovable property (including income from agriculture or forestry) situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.2. The term « immovable property » shall have the meaning which it has under the law of the Contracting State in which the property in question is situated.The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to work, mineral deposits, sources and other natural resources; ships and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property. 3. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property.4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise and to income from immovable property used for the performance of independent personal services. Article 7 Business Profits 1. The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein.If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other State but only so much of them as is attributable to that permanent establishment. 2. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3, where an enterprise of a Contracting State carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting State be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similar conditions and dealing wholly independently with the enterprise of which it is a permanent establishment.3. In determining the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment, including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere.4. Insofar as it has been customary in a Contracting State to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that Contracting State from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary;the method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles contained in this Article. 5. No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.6. For the purposes of the preceding paragraphs, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary.7. Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Agreement, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article. Article 8 Shipping and Air Transport 1. Profits derived by an enterprise of a Contracting State from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable only in that State.2. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall also apply to profits from the participation in a pool, a joint business or an international operating agency.3. For the purpose of this Article, profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic mean profits derived from the transportation by sea or air of passengers or cargo carried on by the owners or lessees or charterers of the ships or aircraft, including : (a) profits from the leasing on a bareboat basis of ships or aircraft where such leasing is ancillary to the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic;(b) profits from the use, maintenance or lease of containers (including trailers and related equipment for the transport of containers), used for the transport of goods or merchandise, where such use, maintenance or lease is ancillary to the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic;and (c) interest on funds connected with the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic. Article 9 Associated Enterprises 1. Where (a) an enterprise of a Contracting State participates directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of the other Contracting State, or (b) the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of a Contracting State and an enterprise of the other Contracting State, and in either case conditions are made or imposed between the two enterprises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which would be made between independent enterprises, then any profits which would, but for those conditions, have accrued to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.2. Where a Contracting State includes in the profits of an enterprise of that State - and taxes accordingly - profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting State has been charged to tax in that other State and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned State if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other State shall make such an adjustment as it considers appropriate to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits.In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Agreement and the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall if necessary consult each other. Article 10 Dividends 1. Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.2. However, such dividends may also be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident and according to the laws of that State, but if the beneficial owner of the dividends is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed : (a) 5 per cent of the gross amount of the dividends if the beneficial owner is a company which holds directly at least 10 per cent of the capital of the company paying the dividends;(b) 15 per cent of the gross amount of the dividends in all other cases. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this paragraph, dividends shall not be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident if the beneficial owner of the dividends is a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State and which at the moment of the payment of the dividends holds, for an uninterrupted period of at least twelve months, shares representing directly at least 25 per cent of the capital of the company paying the dividends. 3. Paragraph 2 shall not affect the taxation of the company in respect of the profits out of which the dividends are paid.4. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, dividends paid by a company which is a resident of Belgium to the Government of Singapore shall be exempt from Belgian tax.5. For the purposes of paragraph 4, the term « Government of Singapore » shall include : (a) the Monetary Authority of Singapore;(b) the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation Pte Ltd;(c) a statutory body;and (d) any institution wholly or mainly owned by the Government of Singapore as may be agreed from time to time between the competent authorities of the Contracting States.6. The term « dividends » as used in this Article means income from shares, « jouissance » shares or « jouissance » rights, mining shares, founders' shares or other rights, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights which is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by the laws of the State of which the company making the distribution is a resident.This term also means income paid even in the form of interest by a company that is a resident of Belgium, where such income is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by Belgian law. 7. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base.In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 8. Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting State derives profits or income from the other Contracting State, that other State may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a resident of that other State or insofar as the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with a permanent establishment or a fixed base situated in that other State, nor subject the company's undistributed profits to a tax on undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other State.9. (a) Under the current Singapore laws, where dividends are paid by a company which is a resident of Singapore to a resident of Belgium who is the beneficial owner of such dividends, there is no tax in Singapore which is chargeable on dividends in addition to the tax chargeable in respect of the profits or income of the company.(b) If, subsequent to the signing of the Agreement, Singapore imposes a tax on dividends in addition to the tax chargeable in respect of the profits or income of a company which is a resident of Singapore, such tax may be charged but the tax so charged on the dividends derived by a resident of Belgium who is the beneficial owner of such dividends shall be in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2.However in such case dividends paid by a company which is a resident of Singapore shall be exempt from Singapore tax if the beneficial owner is : (i) Belgium or a political subdivision or local authority thereof; (ii) a statutory body; (iii) the National Bank of Belgium; (iv) any institution wholly or mainly owned by Belgium or by a political subdivision or local authority thereof as may be agreed from time to time between the competent authorities of the Contracting States. Article 11 Interest 1. Interest arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.2. However, such interest may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which it arises and according to the laws of that State, but if the beneficial owner of the interest is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed 5 per cent of the gross amount of the interest.3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, interest derived and beneficially owned by a banking enterprise of a Contracting State shall be exempt from tax in the other Contracting State if the payer is a banking enterprise of the other State.4. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2, interest arising in a Contracting State shall be exempt from tax in that State, if such interest is paid to : (a) in the case of Belgium : (i) Belgium or a political subdivision or local authority thereof; (ii) a statutory body; (iii) the National Bank of Belgium; (iv) any institution wholly or mainly owned by Belgium or by a political subdivision or local authority thereof as may be agreed from time to time between the competent authorities of the Contracting States; (b) in the case of Singapore, the Government of Singapore including : (i) the Monetary Authority of Singapore; (ii) the Government of Singapore Investment Corporation Pte Ltd; (iii) a statutory body; and (iv) any institution wholly or mainly owned by the Government of Singapore as may be agreed from time to time between the competent authorities of the Contracting States. 5. The term « interest » as used in this Article means income from debt-claims of every kind, whether or not secured by mortgage and whether or not carrying a right to participate in the debtor's profits, and in particular, income from government securities and income from bonds or debentures, including premiums and prizes attaching to such securities, bonds or debentures.However, the term « interest » shall not include for the purpose of this Article penalty charges for late payment or interest regarded as dividends under the second sentence of paragraph 6 of Article 10. 6. The provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the interest arises, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the debt-claim in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base.In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 7. Interest shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State.Where, however, the person paying the interest, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment or a fixed base in connection with which the indebtedness on which the interest is paid was incurred, and such interest is borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such interest shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated. 8. Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest, having regard to the debt-claim for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount.In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement. Article 12 Royalties 1. Royalties arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.2. However, such royalties may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which they arise and according to the law of that State;but if the beneficial owner of the royalties is a resident of the other Contracting State the tax so charged shall not exceed : (a) in the case of royalties referred to in sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph 3 of this Article, 5 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties;and (b) in the case of royalties referred to in sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph 3 of this Article, 5 per cent of the adjusted amount of the royalties.For the purpose of this sub-paragraph « the adjusted amount » means 60 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties. 3. The term « royalties » as used in this Article means : (a) payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including computer software, cinematograph films, and films or tapes for radio or television broadcasting, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience;and (b) payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any industrial, commercial or scientific equipment.4. The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the royalties arise through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the royalties are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base.In such case, the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 5. Royalties shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State.Where, however, the person paying the royalties, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment or a fixed base in connection with which the liability to pay the royalties was incurred, and such royalties are borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such royalties shall be deemed to arise in the Contracting State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated. 6. Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount.In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Agreement. Article 13 Capital Gains 1. Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of immovable property referred to in Article 6 and situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.2. Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing independent personal services, including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or with the whole enterprise) or of such fixed base, may be taxed in that other State.3. Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in international traffic, or movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships or aircraft, shall be taxable only in that State.4. Gains from the alienation of any property other than that referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, shall be taxable only in the Contracting State of which the alienator is a resident. Article 14 Independent Personal Services 1. Income derived by an individual who is a resident of a Contracting State in respect of professional services or other activities of an independent character shall be taxable only in that State except in the following circumstances when such income may also be taxed in the other Contracting State : (a) if he has a fixed base regularly available to him in the other State for the purpose of performing his activities;in that case, only so much of the income as is attributable to that fixed base may be taxed in that other State; or (b) if his stay in the other State is for a period or periods exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any twelve month period commencing or ending in the taxable period concerned;in that case, only so much of the income as is derived from his activities performed in that other State may be taxed in that other State. 2. The term « professional services » includes especially independent scientific, literary, artistic, educational or teaching activities as well as the independent activities of physicians, lawyers, engineers, architects, dentists and accountants. Article 15 Dependent Personal Services 1. Subject to the provisions of Articles 16, 18 and 19, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting State.If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State. 2. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if : (a) the recipient is present in the other State for a period or periods not exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in any twelve month period commencing or ending in the taxable period concerned;and (b) the remuneration is paid by, or on behalf of, an employer who is not a resident of the other State;and (c) the remuneration is not borne by a permanent establishment or a fixed base which the employer has in the other State.3. Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft operated in international traffic by an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that State.However, if the remuneration is derived by a resident of the other Contracting State, it may also be taxed in that other State. Article 16 Directors' Fees 1. Directors' fees and other similar payments derived by a resident of a Contracting State in his capacity as a member of the board of directors or a similar organ of a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.In the case of a company which is a resident of Belgium, this provision shall also apply to payments derived in respect of the discharge of functions which, under the laws of Belgium, are regarded as functions of a similar nature as those exercised by a person referred to in the said provision. 2. Remuneration derived by a person referred to in paragraph 1 from a company which is a resident of a Contracting State in respect of the discharge of day-to-day functions of a managerial or technical, commercial or financial nature, shall be taxable in accordance with the provisions of Article 15, as if such remuneration were remuneration derived by an employee in respect of an employment and as if references to the « employer » were references to the company.This provision shall also apply to remuneration received by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of his day-to-day activity as a partner of a company, other than a company with share capital, which is a resident of Belgium. Article 17 Artistes and Sportsmen 1. Notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 14 and 15, income derived by a resident of a Contracting State as an entertainer, such as a theatre, motion picture, radio or television artiste, or a musician, or as a sportsman, from his personal activities as such exercised in the other Contracting State, may be taxed in that other State.2. Where income in respect of personal activities exercised by an entertainer or a sportsman in his capacity as such accrues not to the entertainer or sportsman himself but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding the provisions of Articles 7, 14 and 15, be taxed in the Contracting State in which the activities of the entertainer or sportsman are exercised. Article 18 Pensions Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 19, pensions and other similar remuneration paid to a resident of a Contracting State in consideration of past employment shall be taxable only in that State. However such pensions and other similar remuneration may also be taxed in the other Contracting State if they arise in that State. This provision shall also apply to pensions and other similar remuneration paid under the social security legislation of a Contracting State or under a public scheme organised by that State in order to supplement the benefits of its social security legislation. Article 19 Government Service 1. (a) Salaries, wages and other similar remuneration paid by a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof or by a statutory body to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision, authority or body shall be taxable only in that State.(b) However, such salaries, wages and other similar remuneration shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the services are rendered in that State and the individual is a resident of that State who : (i) is a national of that State;or (ii) did not become a resident of that State solely for the purpose of rendering the services. 2. (a) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, pensions and other similar remuneration paid by, or out of funds created by, a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof or by a statutory body to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision, authority or body shall be taxable only in that State.(b) However, such pension or other similar remuneration shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the individual is a resident of, and a national of, that State.3. The provisions of Articles 15, 16, 17 and 18 shall apply to salaries, wages, pensions, and other similar remuneration in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by a Contracting State or a political subdivision or a local authority thereof or by a statutory body. Article 20 Students Payments which a student or business apprentice who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State a resident of the other Contracting State and who is present in the first-mentioned State solely for the purpose of his education or training receives for the purpose of his maintenance, education or training shall not be taxed in that State, provided that such payments arise from sources outside that State. Article 21 Other Income 1. Items of income of a resident of a Contracting State, wherever arising, not dealt with in the foregoing Articles of this Agreement shall be taxable only in that State.2. The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from immovable property as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, if the recipient of such income, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base.In such case the provisions of Article 7 or Article 14, as the case may be, shall apply. 3. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, items of income of a resident of a Contracting State not dealt with in the foregoing articles of the Agreement and arising in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State. Article 22 Elimination of Double Taxation 1. In Singapore, double taxation shall be avoided as follows : (a) Where a resident of Singapore derives income from Belgium which, in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, may be taxed in Belgium, Singapore shall, subject to its laws regarding the allowance as a credit against Singapore tax of tax payable in any country other than Singapore, allow the Belgian tax paid, whether directly or by deduction, as a credit against the Singapore tax payable on the income of that resident.Where such income is a dividend paid by a company which is a resident of Belgium to a resident of Singapore which is a company owning directly or indirectly not less than 10 per cent of the share capital of the first-mentioned company, the credit shall take into account the Belgian tax paid by that company on the portion of its profits out of which the dividend is paid. (b) Where a resident of Singapore derives income from Belgium, Singapore shall, subject to the conditions of exemption for income received from outside Singapore provided for in the Singapore Income Tax Act being satisfied, exempt such income from tax in Singapore.2. In Belgium, double taxation shall be avoided as follows : (a) Where a resident of Belgium derives income, not being dividends, interest or royalties, which may be taxed in Singapore in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, and which is taxed there, Belgium shall exempt such income from tax but may, in calculating the amount of tax on the remaining income of that resident, apply the rate of tax which would have been applicable if such income had not been exempted. Notwithstanding the provisions of the first sentence of this sub-paragraph and any other provision of the Agreement, Belgium shall, for the determination of the additional taxes established by Belgian municipalities and conurbations, take into account the earned income (revenus professionnels B beroepsinkomsten) that is exempted from tax in Belgium in accordance with the first sentence of this sub-paragraph. These additional taxes shall be calculated on the tax which would be payable in Belgium if the earned income in question had been derived from Belgian sources. (b) Dividends derived by a company which is a resident of Belgium from a company which is a resident of Singapore, shall be exempt from the corporate income tax in Belgium under the conditions and within the limits provided for in Belgian law. Where a company which is a resident of Belgium derives from a company which is a resident of Singapore, dividends which are included in its aggregate income for Belgian tax purposes and which are not exempted from the corporate income tax according to the first sentence of this sub-paragraph, Belgium shall deduct from the Belgian corporate income tax relating to these dividends the Singapore tax levied on that part of the profits which has been paid as dividends to the company which is a resident of Belgium. This deduction shall not exceed that part of the Belgian tax which is proportionately relating to these dividends. (c) Subject to the provisions of Belgian law regarding the deduction from Belgian tax of taxes paid abroad, where a resident of Belgium derives items of his aggregate income for Belgian tax purposes which are interest or royalties, the Singapore tax levied on that income shall be allowed as a credit against Belgian tax relating to such income.(d) Where, in accordance with Belgian law, losses incurred by an enterprise carried on by a resident of Belgium in a permanent establishment situated in Singapore, have been effectively deducted from the profits of that enterprise for its taxation in Belgium, the exemption provided for in sub-paragraph (a) shall not apply in Belgium to the profits of other taxable periods attributable to that establishment to the extent that those profits have also been exempted from tax in Singapore by reason of compensation for the said losses. Article 23 Non-Discrimination 1. Nationals of a Contracting State shall not be subjected in the other Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which nationals of that other State in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected.This provision shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1, also apply to persons who are not residents of one or both of the Contracting States. 2. The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State shall not be less favourably levied in that other State than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other State carrying on the same activities.3. Nothing in this Article shall be construed as obliging a Contracting State to grant to : (a) residents of the other Contracting State any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for tax purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents;or (b) nationals of the other Contracting State those personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for tax purposes which the first-mentioned Contracting State grants to its own nationals who are not residents of that State or to such other persons as may be specified in the taxation laws of that State.4. Except where the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 9, paragraph 8 of Article 11, or paragraph 6 of Article 12, apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned State.5. Enterprises of a Contracting State, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of the first-mentioned State are or may be subjected.6. The provisions of this Article shall apply to the taxes which are the subject of this Agreement. Article 24 Mutual Agreement Procedure 1. Where a person considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting States result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, he may, irrespective of the remedies provided by the domestic law of those States, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting State of which he is a resident or, if his case comes under paragraph 1 of Article 23, to that of the Contracting State of which he is a national.The case must be presented within 3 years from the first notification of the action resulting in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement. 2. The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at a satisfactory solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting State, with a view to the avoidance of taxation which is not in accordance with the Agreement.Any agreement reached shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic law of the Contracting States. 3. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of the Agreement.4. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the administrative measures necessary to carry out the provisions of the Agreement.5. The competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs. Article 25 Exchange of Information 1. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Agreement or of the domestic laws of the Contracting States concerning taxes covered by the Agreement insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to the Agreement.Any information received by a Contracting State shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that State, and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) concerned with the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, or the determination of appeals in relation to, the taxes covered by the Agreement. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions. 2. In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 1 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation : (a) to carry out administrative measures at variance with the laws and administrative practice of that or of the other Contracting State;(b) to supply information which is not obtainable under the laws or in the normal course of the administration of that or of the other Contracting State;(c) to supply information which would disclose any trade, business, industrial, commercial or professional secret or trade process, or information, the disclosure of which would be contrary to public policy (ordre public). Article 26 Members of Diplomatic Missions and Consular Posts Nothing in this Agreement shall affect the fiscal privileges of members of diplomatic missions or consular posts under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements. Article 27 Remittance Clause 1. Where this Agreement provides (with or without other conditions) that income from sources in Belgium shall be exempt from tax, or taxed at a reduced rate, in Belgium and under the laws in force in Singapore the said income is subject to tax by reference to the amount thereof which is remitted to or received in Singapore and not by reference to the full amount thereof, then the exemption or reduction of tax to be allowed under this Agreement in Belgium shall apply only to so much of the income as is remitted to or received in Singapore.2. Paragraph 1 shall not be construed to apply when Singapore exempts income received from outside Singapore referred to in paragraph 1 (b) of Article 22.In such a case, the exemption or reduction of tax to be allowed under this Agreement in Belgium shall apply to the full amount of income from sources in Belgium that is exempted from tax in Singapore. Article 28 Miscellaneous Rule Nothing in this Agreement shall prejudice the right of each Contracting State to apply its domestic laws and measures concerning tax avoidance, whether or not described as such, insofar as they do not give rise to taxation contrary to the Agreement. Article 29 Entry into Force 1. Each Contracting State shall notify the other Contracting State of the completion of the procedures required by its laws for the bringing into force of this Agreement.The Agreement shall enter into force on the date on which the later of these notifications is received. 2. The provisions of the Agreement shall have effect : (a) in Belgium : (i) with respect to taxes due at source on income credited or payable on or after January 1 of the year next following the year in which the Agreement entered into force; (ii) with respect to other taxes charged on income of taxable periods beginning on or after January 1 of the year next following the year in which the Agreement entered into force; (b) in Singapore : in respect of tax chargeable for any year of assessment beginning on or after 1 January in the second calendar year following the year in which the Agreement enters into force.3. The Convention between the Government of the Republic of Singapore and the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income, signed at Singapore on 8 February 1972, as amended by the Supplementary Agreement signed at Singapore on 10 December 1996, shall cease to be effective with respect to the taxes with respect to which the provisions of this Agreement have effect, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2. Article 30 Termination This Agreement shall remain in force until terminated by a Contracting State but either Contracting State may terminate the Agreement, through diplomatic channels, by giving to the other Contracting State, written notice of termination not later than the 30th June of any calendar year from the fifth year following that in which the Agreement entered into force. In such event, the Agreement shall cease to have effect : (a) in Belgium : (i) with respect to taxes due at source on income credited or payable on or after January 1 of the year next following the year in which the notice of termination is given; (ii) with respect to other taxes charged on income of taxable periods beginning on or after January 1 of the year next following the year in which the notice of termination is given; (b) in Singapore : in respect of tax chargeable for any year of assessment beginning on or after 1 January in the second calendar year following the year in which the notice is given. In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised thereto, have signed this Agreement. Done in duplicate at Singapore, on this 6th day of November 2006 in the English language. PROTOCOL At the moment of signing the Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium and the Government of the Republic of Singapore for the avoidance of double taxation and the prevention of fiscal evasion with respect to taxes on income, the undersigned have agreed upon the following provisions which shall form an integral part of the Agreement. 1. Ad paragraph 1 of Article 4, paragraph 5 of Article 10, paragraph 9 (b) of Article 10, paragraph 4 of Article 11, paragraphs 1 (a), 2 (a) and 3 of Article 19 : The term « statutory body » means : (a) in the case of Singapore, a body constituted by any statute of Singapore, and performing functions which would otherwise be performed by the Government of Singapore;and (b) in the case of Belgium, a body constituted by any statute of Belgium or of a political subdivision or local authority thereof and performing functions which would otherwise be performed by Belgium, a political subdivision or local authority thereof. The competent authority of a Contracting State shall upon request confirm to the competent authority of the other Contracting State whether a particular entity is a statutory body in the first-mentioned Contracting State. 2. Ad paragraph 1 of Article 15 : It is understood that an employment is exercised in a Contracting State where the employee is physically present in that State when performing the activities for which the employment income is paid.3. Ad paragraph 1 of Article 23 : Nothing in this Article shall prevent Singapore from applying Section 42A of the Singapore Income Tax Act or similar provisions introduced to replace Section 42A after the date of signature of this Agreement, provided that such similar provisions differ from Section 42A only in minor aspects.4. Ad paragraph 4 of Article 23 : It is understood that, for the purposes of allowing deduction of a payment of interest to a non-resident, nothing in the said paragraph shall be construed as preventing Singapore from imposing any obligation to withhold tax from such payment of interest, provided that such withholding is in accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of this Agreement. In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorised thereto, have signed this Protocol. Done in duplicate at Singapore, on this 6th day of November 2006 in the English language. Overeenkomst tussen de Regering van het Koninkrijk België en de Regering van de Republiek Singapore tot het vermijden van dubbele belasting en tot het voorkomen van het ontgaan van belasting inzake belastingen naar het inkomen De Regering van het Koninkrijk België en De Regering van de Republiek Singapore, Wensende een Overeenkomst te sluiten tot het vermijden van dubbele belasting en tot het voorkomen van het ontgaan van belasting inzake belastingen naar het inkomen, Zijn het volgende overeengekomen : Artikel 1 Personen op wie de Overeenkomst van toepassing is Deze Overeenkomst is van toepassing op personen die inwoner zijn van één of van beide overeenkomstsluitende Staten. Artikel 2 Belastingen waarop de Overeenkomst van toepassing is 1. Deze Overeenkomst is van toepassing op belastingen naar het inkomen die, ongeacht de wijze van heffing, worden geheven ten behoeve van een overeenkomstsluitende Staat of van de staatkundige onderdelen of plaatselijke gemeenschappen daarvan.2. Als belastingen naar het inkomen worden beschouwd alle belastingen die worden geheven naar het gehele inkomen of naar bestanddelen van het inkomen, daaronder begrepen belastingen naar voordelen verkregen uit de vervreemding van roerende of onroerende goederen, belastingen naar het totale bedrag van door ondernemingen betaalde lonen of salarissen, alsmede belastingen naar waardevermeerdering.3. De bestaande belastingen waarop de Overeenkomst van toepassing is, zijn met name : (a) in Singapore : - de inkomstenbelasting, (hierna te noemen « Singaporese belasting »);(b) in België : (i) de personenbelasting; (ii) de vennootschapsbelasting; (iii) de rechtspersonenbelasting; (iv) de belasting van niet-inwoners, met inbegrip van de voorheffingen en de opcentiemen op die belastingen en voorheffingen (hierna te noemen « Belgische belasting »). 4. De Overeenkomst is ook van toepassing op alle gelijke of in wezen gelijksoortige belastingen die na de datum van de ondertekening van de Overeenkomst naast of in de plaats van de bestaande belastingen worden geheven.De bevoegde autoriteiten van de overeenkomstsluitende Staten delen elkaar de belangrijkste wijzigingen die in hun belastingwetten zijn aangebracht, mede. Artikel 3 Algemene bepalingen 1. Voor de toepassing van deze Overeenkomst, tenzij het zinsverband anders vereist : (a) betekent de uitdrukking « België » het Koninkrijk België;in aardrijkskundig verband gebruikt, betekent zij het grondgebied van het Koninkrijk België, daaronder begrepen de territoriale zee en de maritieme zones waarover het Koninkrijk België, in overeenstemming met het internationaal recht, soevereine rechten of rechtsmacht uitoefent; (b) betekent de uitdrukking « Singapore » de Republiek Singapore;in aardrijkskundig verband gebruikt omvat de uitdrukking « Singapore » de territoriale wateren van Singapore en elk gebied voorbij de territoriale wateren van Singapore, en de zeebodem en ondergrond van enig dergelijk gebied dat volgens de wetgeving van Singapore en in overeenstemming met het internationaal recht is aangeduid of later zal aangeduid worden als een gebied waarover Singapore soevereine rechten heeft voor het onderzoek naar en de ontginning van al dan niet levende natuurlijke rijkdommen; (c) omvat de uitdrukking « persoon » een natuurlijke persoon, een vennootschap en elke andere vereniging van personen;(d) betekent de uitdrukking « vennootschap » elke rechtspersoon of elke entiteit die voor de belastingheffing in de overeenkomstsluitende Staat waarvan zij inwoner is, als een rechtspersoon wordt behandeld;(e) betekenen de uitdrukkingen « onderneming van een overeenkomstsluitende Staat » en « onderneming van de andere overeenkomstsluitende Staat » respectievelijk een onderneming gedreven door een inwoner van een overeenkomstsluitende Staat en een onderneming gedreven door een inwoner van de andere overeenkomstsluitende Staat;(f) betekent de uitdrukking « internationaal verkeer » elk vervoer …