In short
This law grants an amnesty and immunity from prosecution to members of the Defence Forces who deserted or were absent without leave during the Second World War to fight on the Allied side. It acknowledges that their past treatment was unduly harsh and offers an apology and exoneration for their actions.
What it regulates
- Amnesty for specific acts of desertion or being absent without leave during the Second World War.
- Immunity from prosecution for these specific acts.
- The meaning of "amnesty" in this context, including an apology and exoneration.
- Limitations on the rights, causes of action, or liabilities created by this Act.
Who it concerns
- Members of the Defence Forces who deserted or were absent without leave during the Second World War.
- Those members who subsequently served with forces fighting on the Allied side in that war.
Key points
- A "relevant person" is granted an amnesty if they were dismissed, convicted, or liable to be prosecuted for desertion or being absent without leave.
- The amnesty includes an acknowledgement that past treatment was "unduly harsh," an apology, an acceptance of the special circumstances, and an exoneration.
- No new legal proceedings for desertion or being absent without leave can be brought against a relevant person.
- This Act does not create any new rights, causes of action, or liabilities for the State or any person.
đ Legal text
Defence Forces (Second World War Amnesty and Immunity) Act 2013
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Defence Forces (Second World War Amnesty and Immunity) Act 2013
Defence Forces (Second World War Amnesty and Immunity) Act 2013
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Number 12 of 2013
DEFENCE FORCES (SECOND WORLD WAR AMNESTY AND IMMUNITY) ACT 2013
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Section
1. Interpretation.
2. Amnesty for deserters and those absent without leave in certain circumstances.
3. Immunity from prosecution for deserters and those absent without leave in certain circumstances.
4. Limitation of Act.
5. Short Title.
Acts Referred to
Defence Forces (Temporary Provisions) Act 1923
1923, No. 30
Defence Forces (Temporary Provisions) Act 1946
1946, No. 7
Number 12 of 2013
DEFENCE FORCES (SECOND WORLD WAR AMNESTY AND IMMUNITY) ACT 2013
AN ACT TO PROVIDE FOR THE GRANTING OF AN AMNESTY, AND, AS APPROPRIATE, AN IMMUNITY FROM PROSECUTION, TO THOSE MEMBERS OF THE DEFENCE FORCES WHO SERVED WITH FORCES (INCLUDING THE ARMED FORCES OF A COUNTRY) FIGHTING ON THE ALLIED SIDE DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND WERE SUBSEQUENTLY FOUND GUILTY BY A MILITARY TRIBUNAL OF, OR WHO WERE OR WHO STILL ARE LIABLE TO BE PROSECUTED FOR, DESERTION OR BEING ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE, OR WHO WERE DISMISSED FROM THE DEFENCE FORCES PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE EMERGENCY POWERS (NO. 362) ORDER 1945 (S. R. & O. 1945. NO. 198); AND TO PROVIDE FOR RELATED MATTERS.
[14th May, 2013]
BE IT ENACTED BY THE OIREACHTAS AS FOLLOWS:
Interpretation.
1.â In this Actâ
âAct of 1923â means the
Defence Forces (Temporary Provisions) Act 1923
;
âAllied sideâ means the countries and forces that opposed Germany, Italy and Japan and other countries (commonly described as the Axis powers) in the Second World War;
âbeing absent without leaveâ means any offence referred to in subsection (1), (2) or (3) of section 45 of the Act of 1923;
âDefence Forcesâ has the meaning assigned to it by the Order of 1945;
âdesertionâ means the offence referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section 42 of the Act of 1923;
âMinisterâ means the Minister for Defence;
âOrder of 1945â means the Emergency Powers (No. 362) Order 1945 (S. R. & O. 1945. No. 198), and includes those provisions of
section 13
of the
Defence Forces (Temporary Provisions) Act 1946
that relate to that Order;
ârelevant personâ shall be construed in accordance with
section 2
;
âSecond World Warâ means the war commonly known by that name which occurred between the years 1939 and 1945.
Amnesty for deserters and those absent without leave in certain circumstances.
2.â (1) A relevant person whoâ
(a) was dismissed from the Defence Forces by virtue of Article 3 of the Order of 1945,
(b) was convicted of desertion or of being absent without leave, or
(c) was or is liable to be prosecuted for desertion or for being absent without leave,
is granted an amnesty.
(2) In this sectionâ
âamnestyâ means, in relation to each relevant personâ
(a) an acknowledgement that the treatment he or she received in consequence of his or her desertion or being absent without leave is now considered to have been unduly harsh,
(b) an apology for such treatment,
(c) an acceptance that the acts of desertion and being absent without leave occurred in the special circumstances of the Second World War, and
(d) an exoneration in respect of those acts;
ârelevant personâ means a member of the Defence Forces who deserted or was absent without leave during the course of the Second World War and who subsequently served with forces (including the armed forces of a country) fighting on the Allied side in that war.
Immunity from prosecution for deserters and those absent without leave in certain circumstances.
3.â Proceedings for desertion or being absent without leave shall not be brought against a relevant person.
Limitation of Act.
4.â (1) This Act shall not operate toâ
(a) confer any right on any person,
(b) create any cause of action, or
(c) impose any liability on the State or on any person.
(2)
Section 2
shall not have the effect that a pardon under Article 13.6 of the Constitution would have.
Short Title.
5.â This Act may be cited as the Defence Forces (Second World War Amnesty and Immunity) Act 2013.
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