This law is a Convention focused on preserving wild plants and animals and their natural living spaces across Europe…

Apie ką šis teisės aktas?

This law is a Convention focused on preserving wild plants and animals and their natural living spaces across Europe, especially species and habitats that need multiple countries to work together. It aims to prevent the serious decline and extinction of various wild flora and fauna.

Kam taikoma: The Member States of the Council of Europe and other signatories to the Convention; The European Economic Community.

Svarbiausia

Šalis: Lietuva
Teisės sritis: Mokesčių teisė
Straipsniai: 24
Šaltinis: e-seimas.lrs.lt
Tekstas gautas: 2026-06-18
Paaiškinimas atnaujintas: 2026-07-07

Ką reguliuoja šis teisės aktas?

The conservation of wild flora and fauna and their natural habitats.
Measures to maintain wild populations at ecologically, scientifically, and culturally appropriate levels.
National policies and international cooperation for nature conservation, particularly for endangered and migratory species.
The protection of specific wild flora and fauna species listed in Appendices, including prohibitions on their capture, killing, damage, and trade.

Kam taikomas šis teisės aktas?

The Member States of the Council of Europe and other signatories to the Convention.
The European Economic Community.

Kokie yra pagrindiniai punktai?

Contracting Parties must take legislative and administrative measures to conserve habitats, especially for species in Appendices I and II, and endangered natural habitats.
Deliberate picking, collecting, cutting, or uprooting of wild flora species in Appendix I is prohibited, and possession or sale may also be prohibited.
For wild fauna species in Appendix II, deliberate capture, killing, damage to breeding/resting sites, disturbance during sensitive periods, and destruction/taking of eggs are prohibited. Possession and internal trade of these animals may also be prohibited.
Exploitation of wild fauna species in Appendix III must be regulated to keep populations safe, including closed seasons, temporary prohibitions, and regulation of sale and transport.
Exceptions to these prohibitions are allowed under strict conditions, such as for public health, safety, research, or to prevent serious damage, provided there is no other satisfactory solution and it does not harm the survival of the population.

Mokesčių teisė

Įstatymas dėl Lietuvos Respublikos civilinio proceso kodekso pakeitimo ir papildymo 1994 m. lapkričio 8 d. Nr. I-636…

Valstybinės mokesčių inspekcijos

Nutarimas dėl kai kurių Lietuvos Respublikos vyriausybės nutarimų pakeitimo ir papildymo 1995 m. gruodžio 18 d. Nr.…

Nutarimas dėl Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymo „dėl kultūros įstaigų reorganizavimo ir likvidavimo tvarkos“ (1995 m.…

Darbinis variantas (vertėja)

Valstybinės mokesčių inspekcijos

Lietuvos Respublikos socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministro įsakymas dėl projektų, skirtų įgyvendinti valstybinės smurto…

Lietuvos Respublikos vyriausybė

Mokesčių teisė

Įstatymo tekstas

Turinys (24)

Article 1 1. The aims of this Convention are to conserve wild flora and fauna
Article 2 The Contracting Parties shall take requisite measures to maintain
Article 3 1. Each Contracting Party shall take steps to promote national
Article 4 1. Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary
Article 5 Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary
Article 6 Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary
Article 7 1. Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary
Article 8 In respect of the capture or killing of wild fauna species specified
Article 9 1. Each Contracting Party may make exceptions from the provisions of
Article 10 1. The Contracting Parties undertake, in addition to the measures
Article 11 1. In carrying out the provisions of this Convention, the
Article 12 The Contracting Parties may adopt stricter measures for the
Article 13 1. For the purposes of this Convention, a Standing Committee shall
Article 14 1. The Standing Committee shall be responsible for following the
Article 15 After each meeting, the Standing Committee shall forward to the
Article 16 1. Any amendment to the Articles of this Convention proposed by a
Article 17 1. Any amendment to the Appendices to this Convention proposed by a
Article 18 1. The Standing Committee shall use its best endeavours to
Article 19 1. This Convention shall be open for signature by the Member States
Article 20 1. After the entry into force of this Convention, the Committee of
Article 21 1. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its
Article 22 1. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its
Article 23 1. Any Contracting Party may, at any time, denounce this Convention
Article 24 The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall notify the

21979A0919(01) 21979A0919(01) Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats Official Journal L 038 , 10/02/1982 p. 0003 - 0032 Spanish special edition...: Chapter 15 Volume 3 p. 86 Portuguese special edition Chapter 15 Volume 3 p. 86 Finnish special edition....: Chapter 11 Volume 10 p. 89 Swedish special edition...: Chapter 11 Volume 10 p. 89 Dates:

OF DOCUMENT: 03/12/1981 OF EFFECT: 01/09/1982; ENTRY INTO FORCE OJ L 150/83 P. 36 OF SIGNATURE: 19/09/1979; BERN OF END OF VALIDITY: 99/99/9999 Authentic language: FRENCH ; ENGLISH Author:

EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY Subject matter: EXTERNAL RELATIONS ; ENVIRONMENT Directory code: 11306000 ; 15104000 EUROVOC descriptor: European convention ; wildlife ; protection of animal life ; protection of plant life Legal basis:

157E235................... ADOPTION Amended by:

IMPLEMENTED-BY 382D0072.......... IMPLEMENT. FR 3/12/81 Subsequent related instruments:

LINKED-TO..... 398D0746..........

CONVENTION on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats PREAMBLE THE MEMBER STATES OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE AND THE OTHER SIGNATORIES HERETO, Considering that the aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve greater unity between its members;

Considering the wish of the Council of Europe to cooperate with other States in the field of nature conservation;

Recognizing that wild flora and fauna constitute a natural heritage of aesthetic, scientific, cultural, recreational, economic and intrinsic value that needs to be preserved and handed on to future generations;

Recognizing the essential role played by wild flora and fauna in maintaining biological balances;

Noting that numerous species of wild flora and fauna are being seriously depleted and some of them threatened with extinction;

Aware that the conservation of natural habitats is a vital component of the protection and conservation of wild flora and fauna;

Recognizing that the conservation of wild flora and fauna should be taken into consideration by the governments in their national goals and programmes, and that international cooperation should be established to protect migratory species in particular;

Bearing in mind the widespread requests for common action made by governments or by international bodies, in particular the requests expressed by the United Nations Conference on Human Environment 1972 and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe;

Desiring particularly to follow, in the field of wildlife conservation, the recommendations of resolution 2 of the Second European Ministerial Conference on the Environment, HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS:

CHAPTER I General provisions

Article 11. The aims of this Convention are to conserve wild flora and fauna

and their natural habitats, especially those species and habitats whose conservation requires the cooperation of several States, and to promote such cooperation.

2.Particular emphasis is given to endangered and vulnerable species, including endangered and vulnerable migratory species.

Article 2The Contracting Parties shall take requisite measures to maintain

the population of wild flora and fauna at, or adapt it to, a level which corresponds in particular to ecological, scientific and cultural requirements, while taking account of economic and recreational requirements and the needs of sub-species, varieties or forms at risk locally.

Article 31. Each Contracting Party shall take steps to promote national

policies for the conservation of wild flora, wild fauna and natural habitats, with particular attention to endangered and vulnerable species, especially endemic ones, and endangered habitats in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.

2.Each Contracting Party undertakes, in its planning and development policies and in its measures against pollution to have regard to the conservation of wild flora and fauna.

3.Each Contracting Party shall promote education and disseminate general information on the need to conserve species of wild flora and fauna and their habitats.

CHAPTER II Protection of habitats

Article 41. Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary

legislative and administrative measures to ensure the conservation of the habitats of the wild flora and fauna species, especially those specified in the Appendices I and II and the conservation of endangered natural habitats.

2.The Contracting Parties in their planning and development policies shall have regard to the conservation requirements of the areas protected under the preceding paragraph, so as to avoid or minimize as far as possible any deterioration of such areas.

3.The Contracting Parties undertake to give special attention to the protection of areas that are of importance for the migratory species specified in Appendices II and III and which are appropriately situated in relation to migration routes, as wintering, staging, feeding, breeding or moulting areas.

4.The Contracting Parties undertake to coordinate as appropriate their efforts for the protection of the natural habitats referred to in this Article when these are situated in frontier areas.

CHAPTER III Protection of species

Article 5Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary

legislative and administrative measures to ensure the special protection of the wild flora species specified in Appendix I.

Deliberate picking, collecting, cutting or uprooting of such plants shall be prohibited. Each Contracting Party shall as appropriate, prohibit the possession or sale of these species.

Article 6Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary

legislative and administrative measures to ensure the special protection of the wild fauna species specified in Appendix II. The following will in particular be prohibited for these species: (a) all forms of deliberate capture and keeping and deliberate killing; (b) the deliberate damage to or destruction of breeding or resting sites; (c) the deliberate disturbance of wild fauna particularly during the period of breeding, rearing and hibernation, in so far as disturbance would be significant in relation to the objectives of this Convention; (d) the deliberate destruction or taking of eggs from the wild or keeping these eggs even if empty; (e) the possession of and internal trade in these animals, alive or dead, including stuffed animals and any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof, where this would contribute to the effectiveness of the provisions of this Article.

Article 71. Each Contracting Party shall take appropriate and necessary

legislative and administrative measures to ensure the protection of the wild fauna species specified in Appendix III.

2.Any exploitation of wild fauna specified in Appendix III shall be regulated in order to keep the populations out of danger, taking into account the requirements of Article 2.

3.Measures to be taken shall include: (a) closed seasons and/or other procedures regulating the exploitation; (b) the temporary or local prohibition of exploitation, as appropriate, in order to restore satisfactory population levels; (c) the regulation as appropriate of sale, keeping for sale, transport for sale or offering for sale of live and dead wild animals.

Article 8In respect of the capture or killing of wild fauna species specified

in Appendix III and in cases where, in accordance with Article 9, exceptions are applied to species specified in Appendix II, Contracting Parties shall prohibit the use of all indiscriminate means of capture and killing and the use of all means capable of causing local disappearance of, or serious disturbance to, populations of a species, and in particular, the means specified in Appendix IV.

Article 91. Each Contracting Party may make exceptions from the provisions of

Articles 4, 5, 6, 7 and from the prohibition of the use of the means mentioned in Article 8 provided that there is no other satisfactory solution and that the exception will not be detrimental to the survival of the population concerned: - for the protection of flora and fauna,

-to prevent serious damage to crops, livestock, forests, fisheries, water and other forms of property,

-in the interests of public health and safety, air safety or other overriding public interests,

-for the purposes of research and education, of repopulation, of reintroduction and for the necessary breeding,

-to permit, under strictly supervised conditions, on a selective basis and to a limited extent, the taking, keeping or other judicious exploitation of certain wild animals and plants in small numbers.

2.The Contracting Parties shall report every two years to the Standing Committee on the exceptions made under the preceding paragraph. These reports must specify: - the populations which are or have been subject to the exceptions and, when practical, the number of specimens involved,

-the means authorized for the killing or capture,

-the conditions of risk and the circumstances of time and place under which such exceptions were granted,

-the authority empowered to declare that these conditions have been fulfilled, and to take decisions in respect of the means that may be used, their limits and the persons instructed to carry them out,

-the controls involved.

CHAPTER IV Special provisions for migratory species

Article 101. The Contracting Parties undertake, in addition to the measures

specified in Articles 4, 6, 7 and 8 to coordinate their efforts for the protection of the migratory species specified in Appendices II and III whose range extends into their territories.

2.The Contracting Parties shall take measures to seek to ensure that the closed seasons and/or other procedures regulating the exploitation established under paragraph 3 (a) of Article 7 are adequate and appropriately disposed to meet the requirements of the migratory species specified in Appendix III.

CHAPTER V Supplementary provisions

Article 111. In carrying out the provisions of this Convention, the

Contracting Parties undertake: (a) to cooperate whenever appropriate and in particular where this would enhance the effectiveness of measures taken under other Articles of this Convention; (b) to encourage and coordinate research related to the purposes of this Convention.

2.Each Contracting Party undertakes: (a) to encourage the reintroduction of native species of wild flora and fauna when this would contribute to the conservation of an endangered species, provided that a study is first made in the light of the experiences of other Contracting Parties to establish that such reintroduction would be effective and acceptable; (b) to strictly control the introduction of non-native species.

3.Each Contracting Party shall inform the Standing Committee of the species receiving complete protection on its territory and not included in Appendices I and II.

Article 12The Contracting Parties may adopt stricter measures for the

conservation of wild flora and fauna and their natural habitats than those provided under this Convention.

CHAPTER VI Standing Committee

Article 131. For the purposes of this Convention, a Standing Committee shall

be set up.

2.Any Contracting Party may be represented on the Standing Committee by one or more delegates. Each delegation shall have one vote. Within the areas of its competence, the European Economic Community shall exercise its right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of its Member States which are Contracting Parties to this Convention ; the European Economic Community shall not exercise its right to vote in cases where the Member States concerned exercise theirs, and conversely.

3.Any Member State of the Council of Europe which is not a Contracting Party to the Convention may be represented on the Committee as an observer.

The Standing Committee may, by unanimous decision, invite any non-member State of the Council of Europe which is not a Contracting Party to the Convention to be represented by an observer at one of its meetings.

Any body or agency technically qualified in the protection, conservation or management of wild fauna and flora and their habitats, and belonging to one of the following categories: (a) international agencies or bodies, either governmental or non-governmental and national governmental agencies or bodies; (b) national non-governmental agencies or bodies which have been approved for this purpose by the State in which they are located, may inform the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, at least three months before the meeting of the Committee, of its wish to be represented at that meeting by observers. They shall be admitted unless, at least one month before the meeting, one-third of the Contracting Parties have informed the Secretary General of their objection.

4.The Standing Committee shall be convened by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Its first meeting shall be held within one year of the date of the entry into force of the Convention. It shall subsequently meet at least every two years and whenever a majority of the Contracting Parties so request.

5.A majority of the Contracting Parties shall constitute a quorum for holding a meeting of the Standing Committee.

6.Subject to the provisions of this Convention, the Standing Committee shall draw up its own Rules of Procedure.

Article 141. The Standing Committee shall be responsible for following the

application of this Convention. It may in particular: - keep under review the provisions of this Convention, including its Appendices, and examine any modifications necessary,

-make recommendations to the Contracting Parties concerning measures to be taken for the purposes of this Convention,

-recommend the appropriate measures to keep the public informed about the activities undertaken within the framework of this Convention,

-make recommendations to the Committee of Ministers concerning non-member States of the Council of Europe to be invited to accede to this Convention,

-make any proposal for improving the effectiveness of this Convention, including proposals for the conclusion, with the States which are not Contracting Parties to the Convention, of agreements that would enhance the effective conservation of species or groups of species.

2.In order to discharge its functions, the Standing Committee may, on its own initiative, arrange for meetings of groups of experts.

Article 15After each meeting, the Standing Committee shall forward to the

Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, a report on its work and on the functioning of the Convention.

CHAPTER VII Amendments

Article 161. Any amendment to the Articles of this Convention proposed by a

Contracting Party or the Committee of Ministers shall be communicated to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe and forwarded by him at least two months before the meeting of the Standing Committee to the Member States of the Council of Europe, to any signatory, to any Contracting Party, to any State invited to sign this Convention in accordance with the provisions of Article 19 and to any State invited to accede to it in accordance with the provisions of Article 20.

2.Any amendment proposed in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall be examined by the Standing Committee which: (a) for amendments to Articles 1 to 12, submit the text adopted by a three-quarters majority of the votes cast to the Contracting Parties for acceptance; (b) for amendments to Articles 13 to 24, shall submit the text adopted by a three-quarters majority of the votes cast, to the Committee of Ministers for approval. After its approval, this text shall be forwarded to the Contracting Parties for acceptance.

3.Any amendment shall enter into force on the 30th day after all the Contracting Parties have informed the Secretary General that they have accepted it.

4.The provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 (a) and 3 of this Article shall apply to the adoption of new Appendices to this Convention.

Article 171. Any amendment to the Appendices to this Convention proposed by a

Contracting Party or the Committee of Ministers, shall be communicated to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe and forwarded by him at least two months before the meeting of the Standing Committee to the Member States of the Council of Europe, to any signatory, to any Contracting Party, to any State invited to sign this Convention in accordance with the provisions of Article 19 and to any State invited to accede to it in accordance with the provisions of Article 20.

2.Any amendment proposed in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall be examined by the Standing Committee, which may adopt it by a two-thirds majority of the Contracting Parties. The text adopted shall be forwarded to the Contracting Parties.

3.Three months after its adoption by the Standing Committee and unless one-third of the Contracting Parties have notified objections, any amendment shall enter into force for those Contracting Parties which have not notified objections.

CHAPTER VIII Settlement of disputes

Article 181. The Standing Committee shall use its best endeavours to

facilitate a friendly settlement of any difficulty to which the execution of this Convention may give rise.

2.Any dispute between Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention which has not been settled on the basis of the provisions of the preceding paragraph or by negotiation between the parties concerned shall, unless the said parties agree otherwise, be submitted, at the request of one of them, to arbitration. Each party shall designate an arbitrator and the two arbitrators shall designate a third arbitrator. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this Article, if one of the parties has not designated its arbitrator within the three months following the request for arbitration, he shall be designated at the request of the other party by the President of the European Court of Human Rights within a further three-month period. The same procedure shall be observed if the arbitrators cannot agree on the choice of the third arbitrator within the three months following the designation of the two first arbitrators.

3.In the event of a dispute between two Contracting Parties one of which is a Member State of the European Economic Community, the latter itself being a Contracting Party, the other Contracting Party shall address the request for arbitration both to the Member State and to the Community ; which jointly shall notify it, within two months of receipt of the request, whether the Member State or the Community, or the member and the Community jointly, shall be party to the dispute. In the absence of such notification within the said time limit, the Member State and the Community shall be considered as being one and the same party to the dispute for the purposes of the application of the provisions governing the constitution and procedure of the arbitration tribunal. The same shall apply when the Member State and the Community jointly present themselves as party to the dispute.

4.The arbitration tribunal shall draw up its own Rules of Procedure. Its decisions shall be taken by majority vote. Its award shall be final and binding.

5.Each party to the dispute shall bear the expenses of the arbitrator designated by it and the parties shall share equally the expenses of the third arbitrator, as well as other costs entailed by the arbitration.

CHAPTER IX Final provisions

Article 191. This Convention shall be open for signature by the Member States

of the Council of Europe and non-member States which have participated in its elaboration and by the European Economic Community.

Up until the date when the Convention enters into force, it is also open to signature by any other State so invited by the Committee of Ministers.

The Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval.

Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.

2.The Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date on which five States, including at least four Member States of the Council of Europe, have expressed their consent to be bound by the Convention in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

3.In respect of any signatory State or the European Economic Community which subsequently express their consent to be bound by it, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of the deposit of the instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval.

Article 201. After the entry into force of this Convention, the Committee of

Ministers of the Council of Europe, after consulting the Contracting Parties, may invite to accede to the Convention any non-member State of the Council which, invited to sign in accordance with the provisions of Article 19, has not yet done so, and any other non-member State.

2.In respect of any acceding State, the Convention shall enter into force on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of three months after the date of the deposit of the instrument of accession with the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.

Article 211. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its

instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, specify the territory or territories to which this Convention shall apply.

2.Any Contracting Party may, when depositing its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession or at any later date, by declaration addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe, extend the application of this Convention to any other territory specified in the declaration and for whose international relations it is responsible or on whose behalf it is authorized to give undertakings.

3.Any declaration made under the preceding paragraph may, in respect of any territory mentioned in such declaration, be withdrawn by notification addressed to the Secretary General. Such withdrawal shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.

Article 221. Any State may, at the time of signature or when depositing its

instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, make one or more reservations regarding certain species specified in Appendices I to III and/or, for certain species mentioned in the reservation or reservations, regarding certain means or methods of killing, capture and other exploitation listed in Appendix IV. No reservations of a general nature may be made.

2.Any Contracting Party which extends the application of this Convention to a territory mentioned in the declaration referred to in paragraph 2 of Article 21 may, in respect of the territory concerned, make one or more reservations in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

3.No other reservation may be made.

4.Any Contracting Party which has made a reservation under paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article may wholly or partly withdraw it by means of a notification adddressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe. Such withdrawal shall take effect as from the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.

Article 231. Any Contracting Party may, at any time, denounce this Convention

by means of a notification addressed to the Secretary General of the Council of Europe.

2.Such denunciation shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiry of a period of six months after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary General.

Article 24The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall notify the

Member States of the Council of Europe, any signatory State, the European Economic Community if a signatory of this Convention and any Contracting Party of: (a) any signature; (b) the deposit of any instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession; (c) any date of entry into force of this Convention in accordance with Articles 19 and 20; (d) any information forwarded under the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 13; (e) any report established in pursuance of the provisions of Article 15; (f) any amendment or any new Appendix adopted in accordance with Articles 16 and 17 and the date on which the amendment or new Appendix comes into force; (g) any declaration made under the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 21; (h) any reservation made under the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 22; (i) the withdrawal of any reservation carried out under the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 22; (j) any notification made under the provisions of Article 23 and the date on which the denunciation takes effect.

In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.

Done at Bern, this 19 September 1979, in English and French, both texts being equally authentic, in a single copy which shall be deposited in the archives of the Council of Europe. The Secretary General of the Council of Europe shall transmit certified copies to each Member State of the Council of Europe, to any signatory State, to the European Economic Community if a signatory and to any State invited to sign this Convention or to accede thereto.

APPENDIX I STRICTLY PROTECTED FLORA SPECIES PTERIDOPHYTA ASPIDIACEAE Diplazium caudatum (Cav.) Jermy PTERIDACEAE Pteris serrulata Forssk.

GYMNOSPERMAE PINACEAE Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei ANGIOSPERMAE ALISMATACEAE Alisma wahlenbergii (O.R. Holmberg) Juzepczuk BERBERIDACEAE Gymnospermium altaicum (Pallas) Spach BORAGINACEAE Anchusa crispa Viv.

Myosotis rehsteineri Wartm.

Omphalodes littoralis Lehm.

Onosma caespitosum Kotschy Onosma troodi Kotschy Solenanthus albanicus (Degen et al.) Degen & Baldacci Symphytum cycladense Pawl.

CAMPANULACEAE Campanula sabatia De Not.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria lithops Heywood ex McNeill Gypsophila papillosa P. Porta Loeflingia tavaresiana G. Samp.

Silene orphanidis Boiss.

Silene rothmaleri Pinto de Silva Silene velutina Pourret ex Loisel.

CHENOPODIACEAE Kochia saxicola Guss.

Salicornia veneta Pignatti & Lausi CISTACEAE Tuberaria major (Willk.) Pinto da Silva COMPOSITAE Anacyclus alboranensis Esteve Chueca & Varo Anthemis glaberrima (Rech. f.) Greuter Artemisia granatensis Boiss.

Artemisia laciniata Willd.

Aster pyrenaeus Desf. ex DC.

Aster sibiricus L.

Centaurea balearica J.D. Rodriguez Centaurea heldreichii Halńcsy Centaurea horrida Badaro Centaurea kalambakensis Freyn & Sint.

Centaurea lactiflora Halńcsy Centaurea linaresii Lazaro Centaurea megarensis Halńcsy & Hayek Centaurea niederi Heldr.

Centaurea peucedanifolia Boiss. & Orph.

Centaurea princeps Boiss. & Heldr.

Crepis crocifolia Boiss. & Heldr.

Lamyropsis microcephala (Moris) Dittrich & Greuter Leontodon siculus (Guss.) Finch & Sell Logfia neglecta (Soy.-Will.) Holub Senecio alboranicus Maire CONVOLVULACEAE Convolvulus argyrothamnos Greuter CRUCIFERAE Alyssum akamasicum B.L. Burtt Alyssum fastigiatum Heywood Arabis kennedyae Meikle Biscutella neustriaca Bonnet Brassica hilarionis Post Brassica macrocarpa Guss.

Braya purpurascens (R. Br.) Bunge Coronopus navasii Pau Diplotaxis siettiana Maire Enarthrocarpus pterocarpus DC.

Hutera rupestris P. Porta Iberis arbuscula Runemark Ionopsidium acaule (Desf.) Reichenb.

Ptilotrichum pyrenaicum (Lapeyr.) Boiss.

Rhynchosinapis johnstonii (G. Samp.) Heywood Sisymbrium matritense P.W. Ball & Heywood EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia ruscinonensis Boiss.

GRAMINEAE Stipa bavarica Martinovsky & H. Scholz GROSSULARIACEAE Ribes sardoum Martelli HYPERICACEAE Hypericum aciferum (Greuter) N.K.B. Robson IRIDACEAE Crocus cyprius Boiss. & Kotschy Crocus hartmannianus Holmboe LABIATAE Amaracus cordifolium Montr. & Auch.

Micromeria taygetea P.H. Davis Nepeta sphaciotica P.H. Davis Phlomis brevibracteata Turrill Phlomis cypria Post Salvia crassifolia Sibth. & Smith Sideritis cypria Post Thymus camphoratus Hoffmanns. & Link Thymus carnosus Boiss.

Thymus cephalotos L.

LEGUMINOSAE Astragalus algarbiensis Coss. ex Bunge Astragalus aquilinus Anzalone Astragalus maritimus Moris Astragalus verrucosus Moris Cytisus aeolicus Guss. ex Lindl.

Ononis maweana Ball Oxytropis deflexa (Pallas) DC.

LENTIBULARIACEAE Pinguicula crystallina Sibth. & Smith LILIACEAE Androcymbium rechingeri Greuter Chionodoxa lochiae Meikle Muscari gussonei (Parl.) Tod.

Scilla morrisii Meikle ORCHIDACEAE Ophrys kotschyi Fleischm. & Soė PAPAVERACEAE Rupicapnos africana (Lam.) Pomel PLUMBAGINACEAE Armeria rouyana Daveau Limonium paradoxum Pugsley Limonium recurvum C.E. Salmon POLYGONACEAE Rheum rhaponticum L.

PRIMULACEAE Primula apennina Widmer Primula egaliksensis Wormsk.

RANUNCULACEAE Aquilegia cazorlensis Heywood Aquilegia kitaibelii Schott Consolida samia P.H. Davis Delphinium caseyi B.L. Burtt Ranunculus kykkoūnsis Meikle Ranunculus weyleri Mares RUBIACEAE Galium litorale Guss.

SCROPHULARIACEAE Antirrhinum charidemi Lange Euphrasia marchesettii Wettst. ex Marches.

Linaria algarviana Chav.

Linaria ficalhoana Rouy SELAGINACEAE Globularia stygia Orph. ex Boiss.

SOLANACEAE Atropa baetica Willk.

THYMELAEACEAE Daphne rodriguezii Texidor UMBELLIFERAE Angelica heterocarpa Lloyd Angelica palustris (Besser) Hoffman Bupleurum kakiskalae Greuter Ferula cypria Post Laserpitium longiradium Boiss.

Oenanthe conioides Lange VALERIANACEAE Valeriana longiflora Willk.

VIOLACEAE Viola hispida Lam.

Viola jaubertiana Mares & Vigineix APPENDIX II STRICTLY PROTECTED FAUNA SPECIES MAMMALS INSECTIVORA Talpidae Desmana pyrenaica (Galemys pyrenaicus) MICROCHIROPTERA all species except Pipistrellus pipistrellus RODENTIA Sciuridae Citellus citellus Cricetidae Cricetus cricetus Hystricidae Hystrix cristata CARNIVORA Canidae Canis lupus Alopex lagopus Ursidae all species Mustelidae Lutreola (Mustela) lutreola Lutra lutra Gulo gulo Felidae Lynx pardina Panthera pardus Panthera tigris Odobenidae Odobenus rosmarus Phocidae Monachus monachus ARTIODACTYLA Bovidae Capra aegagrus Rupicapra rupicapra ornata Ovibos moschatus ODONTOCETI Delphinidae Delphinus delphis Tursiops truncatus Phocaenidae Phocaena phocaena MYSTACOCETI Balaenopteridae Sibbaldus (Balaenoptera) musculus Megaptera novaengliae (longimana, nodosa) Balaenidae Eubalaena glacialis Balaena mysticetus BIRDS GAVIIFORMES Gaviidae all species PODICIPEDIFORMES Podicipedidae Podiceps griseigena Podiceps auritus Podiceps nigricollis Podiceps ruficollis PROCELLARIIFORMES Hydrobatidae all species Procellariidae Puffinus puffinus Procellaria diomedea PELECANIFORMES Phalacrocoracidae Phalocrocorax pygmaeus Pelecanidae all species CICONIIFORMES Ardeidae Ardea purpurea Casmerodius albus Egretta garzetta Ardeola ralloides Bubulcus (Ardeola) ibis Nycticorax nycticorax Ixobrychus minutus Botaurus stellaris Ciconiidae all species Threskiornithidae all species Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopterus ruber ANSERIFORMES Anatidae Cygnus cygnus Cygnus bewickii Anser erythropus Branta leucopsis Branta ruficollis Tadorna tadorna Tadorna ferruginea Marmaronetta (Anas) angustirostris Somateria spectabilis Polysticta stelleri Histrionicus histrionicus Bucephala islandica Mergus albellus Oxyura leucocephala FALCONIFORMES all species GRUIFORMES Turnicidae Turnix sylvatica Gruidae all species Rallidae Porzana porzana Porzana pusilla Porzana parva Crex crex Porphyrio porphyrio Fulica cristata Otitidae all species CHARADRIIFORMES Charadriidae Hoplopterus spinosus Charadrius histicula Charadrius dubius Charadrius alexandrinus Charadrius leschenaulti Eudromias morinellus Arenaria interpres Scolopacidae Gallinago media Numenius tenuirostris Tringa stagnatilis Tringa ochropus Tringa glareola Tringa hypoleucos Tringa cinerea Calidris minuta Calidris temminckii Calidris maritima Calidris alpina Calidris ferruginea Calidris alba Limicola falcinellus Recurvirostridae all species Phalaropodidae all species Burhinidae Burhinus oedicnemus Glareolidae all species Laridae Pagophila eburnea Larus audouinii Larus melanocephalus Larus genei Larus minutus Larus sabini Chlidonias niger Chlidonias leucopterus Chlidonias hybrida

Gelochelidon nilotica Hydroprogne caspia Sterna hirundo Sterna paradisaea (macrura) Sterna dougallii Sterna albifrons Sterna sandvicensis COLUMBIFORMES Pteroclididae all species CUCULIFORMES Cuculidae Clamator glandarius STRIGIFORMES all species CAPRIMULGIFORMES Caprimulgidae all species APODIFORMES Apodidae Apus pallidus Apus melba Apus caffer CORACIIFORMES Alcedinidae Alcedo atthis Meropidae Merops apiaster Coraciidae Coracias garrulus Upopidae Upopa epops PICIFORMES all species PASSERIFORMES Alaudidae Calandrella brachydactyla Calandrella rufescens Melanocorypha calandra Melanocorypha leucoptera Melanocorypha yeltoniensis Galerida theklae Eremophila alpestris Hirundinidae all species Motacillidae all species Laniidae all species Bombycillidae Bombycilla garrulus Cinclidae Cinclus cinclus Troglodytidae Troglodytes troglodytes Prunellidae all species Muscicapidae Turdinae Saxicola rubetra Saxicola torquata Oenanthe oenanthe Oenanthe pleschanka Oenanthe hispanica Oenanthe isabellina Oenanthe leucura Cercotrichas galactotes Monticola saxatilis Monticola solitarius Phoenicurus ochruros Phoenicurus phoenicurus Erithacus rubecula Luscinia megarhynchos Luscinia luscinia Luscinia (Cyanosylvia) svecica Tarsiger cyanurus Sylviinae all species Regulinae all species Muscicapinae all species Timaliinae Panurus biarmicus Paridae all species Sittidae all species Certhiidac all species Emberizidae Emberiza citrinella Emberiza leucocephala Emberiza cirlus Emberiza cineracea Emberiza caesia Emberiza cia Emberiza schoeniclus Emberiza melanocephala Emberiza aureola Emberiza pusilla Emberiza rustica Plectrophenax nivalis Calcarius lapponicus Fringillidae Carduelis chloris Carduelis carduelis Carduelis spinus Carduelis flavirostris Carduelis cannabina Carduelis flammea Carduelis hornemanni Serinus citrinella Serinus serinus Loxia curvirostra Loxia pityopsittacus Loxia leucoptera Pinicola enucleator Carpodacus erythrinus Rhodopechys githaginea Coccothraustes coccothraustes Ploceidae Petronia petronia Montrifringilla nivalis Sturnidae Sturnus unicolor Sturnus roseus Oriolidae Oriolus oriolus Corvidae Perisoreus infaustus Cyanopica cyanus Nucifraga caryocatactis Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax Pyrrhocorax graculus AMPHIBIANS CAUDATA Salamandridae Salamandrina terdigitata Salamandra (Mertensiella) luschani Chioglossa lusitanica Triturus cristatus Proteidae Proteus anguinus ANURA Discoglossidae Bombina variegata Bombina bombina Alytes obstetricans Alytes cisternasii Pelobatidae Pelobates cultripes Pelobates fuscus Bufonidae Bufo calamita Bufo viridis Hylidae Hyla arborea Ranidae Rana arvalis Rana dalmatina Rana latastei REPTILES TESTUDINES Testudinidae

Testudo hermanni Testudo graeca Testudo marginata Emydidae Emys orbicularis Mauremys caspica Dermochelyidae Dermochelys coriacea Cheloniidae Caretta caretta Lepidochelys kempii Chelonia mydas Eretmochelys imbricata SAURIA Gekkonidae Cyrtodactylus kotschyi Chamaeleontidae Chamaeleo chamaeleon Lacertidae Algyroides marchi Lacerta lepida Lacerta parva Lacerta simonyi Lacerta princeps Lacerta viridis Podarcis muralis Podarcis lilfordi Podarcis sicula Podarcis filfolensis Scincidae Ablepharus kitaibelii OPHIDIA Colubridae Coluber hippocrepis Elaphe situla Elaphe quatuorlineata Elaphe longissima Coronella austriaca Viperidae Vipera ursinii Vipera latasti Vipera ammodytes Vipera xanthina Vipera lebetina Vipera kaznakovi APPENDIX III PROTECTED FAUNA SPECIES MAMMALS INSECTIVORA Erinaceidae Erinaceus europaeus Soricidae all species MICROCHIROPTERA Vespertilionidae Pipistrellus pipistrellus DUPLICIDENTATA Leporidae Lepus timidus Lepus capensis (europaeus) RODENTIA Sciuridae Sciurus vulgaris Marmota marmota Castoridae Castor fiber Gliridae all species Microtidae Microtus ratticeps (oeconomus) Microtus nivalis (lebrunii) CETACEA all species not mentioned in Appendix II CARNIVORA Mustelidae Meles meles Mustela erminea Mustela nivalis Putorius (Mustela) putorius Martes martes Martes foina Viverridae all species Felidae Felis catus (silvestris) Lynx lynx Phocidae Phoca vitulina Pusa (Phoca) hispida Pagophilus groenlandicus (Phoca groenlandica) Erignathus barbatus Halichoerus grypus Cystophora cristata ARTIODACTYLA Suidae Sus scrofa meridionalis Cervidae all species Bovidae Ovis aries (musimon, ammon) Capra ibex Capra pyrenaica Rupicapra rupicapra BIRDS All species not included in Appendix II with the exception of:

Larus marinus Larus fuscus Larus argentatus Columba palumbus Passer domesticus Sturnus vulgaris Garrulus glandarius Pica pica Corvus monedula Corvus frugilegus Corvus corone (corone and cornix) AMPHIBIANS All species not included in Appendix II REPTILES All species not included in Appendix II APPENDIX IV PROHIBITED MEANS AND METHODS OF KILLING, CAPTURE AND OTHER FORMS OF EXPLOITATION MAMMALS Snares Live animals used as decoys which are blind or mutilated Tape recorders Electrical devices capable of killing and stunning Artificial light sources Mirrors and other dazzling devices Devices for illuminating targets Sighting devices for night shooting comprising an electronic image magnifier or image converter Explosives (1) Nets (2) Traps (2) Poison and poisoned or anaesthetic bait Gasing and smoking out Semi-automatic or automatic weapons with a magazine capable of holding more than two rounds of ammunition Aircraft Motor vehicles in motion BIRDS Snares (3) Limes Hooks Live birds used as decoys which are blind or mutilated Tape recorders Electrical devices capable of killing and stunning Artificial light sources Mirrors and other dazzling devices Devices for illuminating targets Sighting devices for night shooting comprising an electronic image magnifier or image converter Explosives Nets Traps Poison and poisoned or anaesthetic bait Semi-automatic or automatic weapons with a magazine capable of holding more than two rounds of ammunition Aircraft Motor vehicles in motion (1)Except for whale hunting. (2)If applied for large scale or non-selective capture or killing. (3)Except Lagopus north of latitude 58ŗN.

CONVENTION relative š la conservation de la vie sauvage et du milieu naturel de l'Europe PRÉAMBULE LES ÉTATS MEMBRES DU CONSEIL DE L'EUROPE ET LES AUTRES SIGNATAIRES DE LA PRÉSENTE CONVENTION: considłrant que le but du Conseil de l'Europe est de rłaliser une union plus łtroite entre ses membres; considłrant la volontł du Conseil de l'Europe de coopłrer avec d'autres États dans le domaine de la conservation de la nature; reconnaissant que la flore et la faune sauvages constituent un patrimoine naturel d'une valeur esthłtique, scientifique, culturelle, rłcrłative, łconomique et intrinsųque, qu'il importe de prłserver et de transmettre aux głnłrations futures; reconnaissant le rĮle essentiel de la flore et de la faune sauvages dans le maintien des łquilibres biologiques; constatant la rarłfaction de nombreuses espųces de la flore et de la faune sauvages et la menace d'extinction qui pųse sur certaines d'entre elles; conscients de ce que la conservation des habitats naturels est l'un des łlłments essentiels de la protection et de la prłservation de la flore et de la faune sauvages; reconnaissant que la conservation de la flore et de la faune sauvages devrait śtre prise en considłration par les gouvernements dans leurs objectifs et programmes nationaux et qu'une coopłration internationale devrait s'instaurer pour prłserver en particulier les espųces migratrices; conscients des nombreuses demandes d'action commune łmanant des gouvernements ou des instances internationales, notamment celles exprimłes par la confłrence des Nations unies sur l'environnement de 1972 et l'assemblłe parlementaire du Conseil de l'Europe; dłsireux en particulier de suivre, dans le domaine de la conservation de la vie sauvage, les recommandations de la rłsolution nŗ 2 de la deuxiųme confłrence ministłrielle europłenne sur l'environnement, SONT CONVENUS DE CE QUI SUIT:

CHAPITRE PREMIER Dispositions głnłrales Article premier 1. La prłsente convention a pour objet d'assurer la conservation de la flore et de la faune sauvages et de leurs habitats naturels, notamment des espųces et des habitats dont la conservation nłcessite la coopłration de plusieurs États, et de promouvoir une telle coopłration.

2.Une attention particuliųre est accordłe aux espųces, y compris les espųces migratrices, menacłes d'extinction et vulnłrables.

Article 2Les parties contractantes prennent les mesures nłcessaires pour

maintenir ou adapter la population de la flore et de la faune sauvages š un niveau qui correspond notamment aux exigences łcologiques, scientifiques et culturelles, tout en tenant compte des exigences łconomiques et rłcrłationnelles et des besoins des sous-espųces, variłtłs ou formes menacłes sur le plan local.

Article 31. Chaque partie contractante prend les mesures nłcessaires pour que

soient mises en oeuvre des politiques nationales de conservation de la flore et de la faune sauvages et des habitats naturels, en accordant une attention particuliųre aux espųces menacłes d'extinction et vulnłrables surtout aux espųces endłmiques, et aux habitats menacłs, conformłment aux dispositions de la prłsente convention.

2.Chaque partie contractante s'engage, dans sa politique d'amłnagement et de dłveloppement et dans ses mesures de lutte contre la pollution, š prendre en considłration la conservation de la flore et de la faune sauvages.

3.Chaque partie contractante encourage l'łducation et la diffusion d'informations głnłrales concernant la nłcessitł de conserver des espųces de la flore et de la faune sauvages ainsi que leurs habitats.

CHAPITRE II Protection des habitats

Article 41. Chaque partie contractante prend les mesures lłgislatives et

rłglementaires appropriłes et nłcessaires pour protłger les habitats des espųces sauvages de la flore et de la faune, en particulier de celles łnumłrłes dans les annexes I et II et pour sauvegarder les habitats naturels menacłs de disparition.

2.Les parties contractantes tiennent compte, dans leurs politiques d'amłnagement et de dłveloppement, des besoins de la conservation des zones protłgłes visłes au paragraphe prłcłdent, afin d'łviter ou de rłduire le plus possible toute dłtłrioration de telles zones.

3.Les parties contractantes s'engagent š accorder une attention particuliųre š la protection des zones qui ont une importance pour les espųces migratrices łnumłrłes dans les annexes II et III et qui sont situłes de maniųre adłquate par rapport aux voies de migration, comme aires d'hivernage, de rassemblement, d'alimentation, de reproduction ou de mue.

4.Les parties contractantes s'engagent š coordonner autant que de besoin leurs efforts pour protłger les habitats naturels visłs au prłsent article lorsqu'ils sont situłs dans des rłgions qui s'łtendent de part et d'autre de frontiųres.

CHAPITRE III Conservation des espųces

Article 5Chaque partie contractante prend les mesures lłgislatives et

rłglementaires appropriłes et nłcessaires pour assurer la conservation particuliųre des espųces de flore sauvage łnumłrłes š l'annexe I. Seront interdits la cueillette, le ramassage, la coupe ou le dłracinage intentionnels des plantes visłes. Chaque partie contractante interdit, autant que de besoin, la dłtention ou la commercialisation de ces espųces.

Article 6Chaque partie contractante prend les mesures lłgislatives et

rłglementaires appropriłes et nłcessaires pour assurer la conservation particuliųre des espųces de faune sauvage łnumłrłes š l'annexe II. Seront notamment interdits, pour ces espųces: a) toutes formes de capture intentionnelle, de dłtention et de mise š mort intentionnelle;

b)la dłtłrioration ou la destruction intentionnelles des sites de reproduction ou des aires de repos;

c)la perturbation intentionnelle de la faune sauvage, notamment durant la płriode de reproduction, de dłpendance et d'hibernation, pour autant que la perturbation ait un effet significatif eu łgard aux objectifs de la prłsente convention;

d)la destruction ou le ramassage intentionnels des oeufs dans la nature ou leur dłtention, mśme vides;

e)la dłtention et le commerce interne de ces animaux, vivants ou morts, y compris des animaux naturalisłs et de toute partie ou de tout produit, facilement identifiables, obtenus š partir de l'animal, lorsque cette mesure contribue š l'efficacitł des dispositions du prłsent article.

Article 71. Chaque partie contractante prend les mesures lłgislatives et

rłglementaires appropriłes et nłcessaires pour protłger les espųces de faune sauvage łnumłrłes š l'annexe III.

2.Toute exploitation de la faune sauvage łnumłrłe š l'annexe III est rłglementłe de maniųre š maintenir l'existence de ces populations hors de danger, compte tenu des dispositions de l'article 2.

3.Ces mesures comprennent notamment: a) l'institution de płriodes de fermeture et/ou d'autres mesures rłglementaires d'exploitation;

b)l'interdiction temporaire ou locale de l'exploitation, s'il y a lieu, afin de permettre aux populations existantes de retrouver un niveau satisfaisant;

c)la rłglementation, s'il y a lieu, de la vente, de la dłtention, du transport ou de l'offre aux fins de vente des animaux sauvages, vivants ou morts.

Article 8S'agissant de la capture ou de la mise š mort des espųces de faune

sauvage łnumłrłes š l'annexe III, et dans les cas oų des dłrogations conformes š l'article 9 sont faites en ce qui concerne les espųces łnumłrłes š l'annexe II, les parties contractantes interdisent l'utilisation de tous les moyens non słlectifs de capture et de mise š mort et des moyens susceptibles d'entražner localement la disparition, ou de troubler gravement la tranquillitł des populations d'une espųce, en particulier des moyens łnumłrłs š l'annexe IV.

Article 91. Ą condition qu'il n'existe pas une autre solution satisfaisante

et que la dłrogation ne nuise pas š la survie de la population concernłe, chaque partie contractante peut dłroger aux dispositions des articles 4, 5, 6, 7 et š l'interdiction de l'utilisation des moyens visłs š l'article 8: - dans l'intłrśt de la protection de la flore et de la faune;

-pour prłvenir des dommages importants aux cultures, au błtail, aux forśts, aux pścheries, aux eaux et aux autres formes de propriłtł;

-dans l'intłrśt de la santł et de la słcuritł publiques, de la słcuritł ałrienne, ou d'autres intłrśts publics prioritaires;

-š des fins de recherche et d'łducation, de repeuplement, de rłintroduction ainsi que pour l'łlevage;

-pour permettre, dans des conditions strictement contrĮlłes, sur une base słlective et dans une certaine mesure la prise, la dłtention pour toute autre exploitation judicieuse de certains animaux et plantes sauvages en petites quantitłs.

2.Les parties contractantes soumettent au comitł permanent un rapport biennal sur les dłrogations faites en vertu du paragraphe prłcłdent. Ces rapports devront mentionner: - les populations qui font l'objet ou ont fait l'objet des dłrogations, et, si possible, le nombre des spłcimens impliqułs;

-les moyens de mise š mort ou de capture autorisłs;

-les conditions de risque, les circonstances de temps et de lieu dans lesquelles ces dłrogations sont intervenues;

-l'autoritł habilitłe š dłclarer que ces conditions ont łtł rłalisłes, et habilitłe š prendre les dłcisions relatives aux moyens qui peuvent śtre mis en oeuvre, š leurs limites, et aux personnes chargłes de l'exłcution;

-les contrĮles opłrłs.

CHAPITRE IV Dispositions particuliųres concernant les espųces

migratrices

Article 101. En plus des mesures indiqułes aux articles 4, 6, 7 et 8, les

parties contractantes s'engagent š coordonner leurs efforts pour la conservation des espųces migratrices łnumłrłes aux annexes II et III et dont l'aire de rłpartition s'łtend sur leurs territoires.

2.Les parties contractantes prennent des mesures en vue de s'assurer que les płriodes de fermeture et/ou d'autres mesures rłglementaires d'exploitation institułes en vertu du paragraphe 3 sous a) de l'article 7 correspondent bien aux besoins des espųces migratrices łnumłrłes š l'annexe III.

CHAPITRE V Dispositions complłmentaires

Article 111. Dans l'exłcution des dispositions de la prłsente convention, les

parties contractantes s'engagent š a) coopłrer chaque fois qu'il sera utile de le faire, notamment lorsque cette coopłration pourrait renforcer l'efficacitł des mesures prises conformłment aux autres articles de la prłsente convention;

b)encourager et coordonner les travaux de recherche en rapport avec les finalitłs de la prłsente convention.

2.Chaque partie contractante s'engage: a) š encourager la rłintroduction des espųces indigųnes de la flore et de la faune sauvages lorsque cette mesure contribuerait š la conservation d'une espųce menacłe d'extinction, š condition de procłder au prłalable et au regard des expłriences d'autres parties contractantes, š une łtude en vue de rechercher si une telle rłintroduction serait efficace et acceptable;

b)š contrĮler strictement l'introduction des espųces non indigųnes.

3.Chaque partie contractante fait connažtre au comitł permanent les espųces błnłficiant d'une protection totale sur son territoire et qui ne figurent pas aux annexes I et II.

Article 12Les parties contractantes peuvent adopter pour la conservation de la

flore et de la faune sauvage et de leurs habitats naturels des mesures plus rigoureuses que celles prłvues dans la prłsente convention.

CHAPITRE VI Comitł permanent

Article 131. Il est constituł, aux fins de la prłsente convention, un comitł

permanent.

2.Toute partie contractante peut se faire reprłsenter au sein du comitł permanent par un ou plusieurs dłlłgułs. Chaque dłlłgation dispose d'une voix. Dans les domaines relevant de ses compłtences, la Communautł łconomique europłenne exerce son droit de vote avec un nombre de voix łgal au nombre de ses États membres qui sont parties contractantes š la prłsente convention ; la Communautł łconomique europłenne n'exerce pas son droit de vote dans les cas oų les États membres concernłs exercent le leur et rłciproquement.

3.Tout État membre du Conseil de l'Europe qui n'est pas partie contractante š la convention peut se faire reprłsenter au comitł par un observateur.

Le comitł permanent peut, š l'unanimitł, inviter tout État non membre du Conseil de l'Europe qui n'est pas partie contractante š la convention š se faire reprłsenter par un observateur š une de ses rłunions.

Tout organisme ou toute institution techniquement qualifił dans le domaine de la protection, de la conservation ou de la gestion de la flore et de la faune sauvages et de leurs habitats, et appartenant š l'une des catłgories suivantes: a) organismes ou institutions internationaux, soit gouvernementaux, soit non gouvernementaux, ou organismes ou institutions nationaux gouvernementaux;

b)organismes ou institutions nationaux non gouvernementaux qui ont łtł agrłłs š cette fin par l'État dans lequel ils sont łtablis, peuvent informer le secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe, trois mois au moins avant la rłunion du comitł, de leur intention de se faire reprłsenter š cette rłunion par des observateurs. Ils sont admis sauf si, un mois au moins avant la rłunion, un tiers des parties contractantes ont informł le secrłtaire głnłral qu'elles s'y opposent.

4.Le comitł permanent est convoquł par le secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe. Il tient sa premiųre rłunion dans le dłlai d'un an š compter de la date d'entrłe en vigueur de la convention. Il se rłunit par la suite au moins tous les deux ans et, en outre, lorsque la majoritł des parties contractantes en formule la demande.

5.La majoritł des parties contractantes constitue le quorum nłcessaire pour tenir une rłunion du comitł permanent.

6.Sous rłserve des dispositions de la prłsente convention, le comitł permanent łtablit son rųglement intłrieur.

Article 141. Le comitł permanent est chargł de suivre l'application de la

prłsente convention. Il peut en particulier: - revoir de maniųre permanente les dispositions de la prłsente convention, y compris ses annexes, et examiner les modifications qui pourraient śtre nłcessaires;

-faire des recommandations aux parties contractantes sur les mesures š prendre pour la mise en oeuvre de la prłsente convention;

-recommander les mesures appropriłes pour assurer l'information du public sur les travaux entrepris dans le cadre de la prłsente convention;

-faire des recommandations au comitł des ministres relatives š l'invitation d'États non membres du Conseil de l'Europe š adhłrer š la prłsente convention;

-faire toute proposition tendant š amłliorer l'efficacitł de la prłsente convention, et portant notamment sur la conclusion, avec des États qui ne sont pas parties contractantes š la convention, d'accords propres š rendre plus efficace la conservation d'espųces ou de groupes d'espųces.

2.Pour l'accomplissement de sa mission, le comitł permanent peut, de sa propre initiative, prłvoir des rłunions de groupes d'experts.

Article 15Aprųs chacune de ses rłunions, le comitł permanent transmet au

comitł des ministres du Conseil de l'Europe un rapport sur ses travaux et sur le fonctionnement de la convention.

CHAPITRE VII Amendements

Article 161. Tout amendement aux articles de la prłsente convention, proposł

par un partie contractante ou par le comitł des ministres est communiquł au secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe et transmis par ses soins deux mois au moins avant la rłunion du comitł permanent aux États membres du Conseil de l'Europe, š tout signataire, š toute partie contractante, š tout État invitł š signer la prłsente convention conformłment aux dispositions de l'article 19 et š tout État invitł š y adhłrer, conformłment aux dispositions de l'article 20.

2.Tout amendement proposł conformłment aux dispositions du paragraphe prłcłdent est examinł par le comitł permanent qui: a) pour des amendements aux articles 1er š 12, soumet le texte adoptł š la majoritł des trois quarts des voix exprimłes š l'acceptation des parties contractantes;

b)pour des amendements aux articles 13 š 24, soumet le texte adoptł š la majoritł des trois quarts des voix exprimłes š l'approbation du comitł des ministres. Ce texte est communiquł aprųs son approbation aux parties contractantes en vue de son acceptation.

3.Tout amendement entre en vigueur le trentiųme jour aprųs que toutes les parties contractantes ont informł le secrłtaire głnłral qu'elles l'ont acceptł.

4.Les dispositions des paragraphes 1, 2 sous a) et 3 du prłsent article sont applicables š l'adoption de nouvelles annexes š la prłsente convention.

Article 171. Tout amendement aux annexes š la prłsente convention, proposł par

une partie contractante ou par le comitł des ministres est communiquł au secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe et transmis par ses soins deux mois au moins avant la rłunion du comitł permanent aux États membres du Conseil de l'Europe, š tout signataire, š toute partie contractante, š tout État invitł š signer la prłsente convention, conformłment aux dispositions de l'article 19, et š tout État invitł š y adhłrer, conformłment aux dispositions de l'article 20.

2.Tout amendement proposł conformłment aux dispositions du paragraphe prłcłdent est examinł par le comitł permanent qui peut l'adopter š la majoritł des deux tiers des parties contractantes. Le texte adoptł est communiquł aux parties contractantes.

3.Ą l'expiration d'une płriode de trois mois aprųs son adoption par le comitł permanent, et sauf si un tiers des parties contractantes ont notifił des objections, tout amendement entre en vigueur š l'łgard des parties contractantes qui n'ont pas notifił d'objections.

CHAPITRE VIII Rųglements des diffłrends

Article 181. Le comitł permanent facilite autant que de besoin le rųglement

amiable de toute difficultł š laquelle l'exłcution de la convention donnerait lieu.

2.Tout diffłrend entre parties contractantes concernant l'interprłtation ou l'application de la prłsente convention qui n'a pas łtł rłglł sur la base des dispositions du paragraphe prłcłdent ou par voie de nłgociation entre les parties au diffłrend et sauf si ces parties en conviennent autrement est, š la requśte de l'une d'entre elles, soumis š l'arbitrage. Chacune des parties dłsigne un arbitre et les deux arbitres dłsignent un troisiųme arbitre. Si, sous rłserve des dispositions du paragraphe 3 du prłsent article, dans un dłlai de trois mois š compter de la requśte d'arbitrage, l'une des parties n'a pas dłsignł son arbitre, le prłsident de la Cour europłenne des droits de l'homme procųde, š la demande de l'autre partie, š sa dłsignation dans un nouveau dłlai de trois mois. La mśme procłdure s'applique au cas oų les deux arbitres ne peuvent pas se mettre d'accord sur le choix du troisiųme arbitre dans un dłlai de trois mois š compter de la dłsignation des deux premiers arbitres.

3.En cas de diffłrend entre deux parties contractantes dont l'une est un État membre de la Communautł łconomique europłenne, elle-mśme partie contractante, l'autre partie contractante adresse la requśte d'arbitrage š la fois š cet État membre et š la Communautł, qui lui notifient conjointement, dans un dłlai de deux mois aprųs la rłception de la requśte, si l'État membre ou la Communautł, ou l'État membre et la Communautł conjointement, se constituent partie au diffłrend. Ą dłfaut d'une telle notification dans ledit dłlai, l'État membre et la Communautł sont rłputłs n'śtre qu'une seule et mśme partie au diffłrend pour l'application des dispositions rłgissant la constitution et la procłdure du tribunal arbitral. Il en est de mśme lorsque l'État membre et la Communautł se constituent conjointement parties au diffłrend.

4.Le tribunal arbitral łtablit ses propres rųgles de procłdure. Les dłcisions sont prises š la majoritł. Sa sentence est dłfinitive et obligatoire.

5.Chaque partie au diffłrend supporte les frais de l'arbitre qu'elle a dłsignł et les parties supportent, š parts łgales, les frais du troisiųme arbitre, ainsi que les autres dłpenses entražnłes par l'arbitrage.

CHAPITRE IX Dispositions finales

Article 191. La prłsente convention est ouverte š la signature des États

membres du Conseil de l'Europe et des États non membres qui ont participł š son łlaboration, ainsi qu'š celle de la Communautł łconomique europłenne.

Jusqu'š la date de son entrłe en vigueur, elle est aussi ouverte š la signature de tout autre État invitł š la signer par le comitł des ministres.

La convention sera soumise š ratification, acceptation ou approbation. Les instruments de ratification, d'acceptation ou d'approbation seront dłposłs prųs le secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe.

2.La convention entrera en vigueur le premier jour du mois qui suit l'expiration d'une płriode de trois mois aprųs la date š laquelle cinq États, dont au moins quatre États membres du Conseil de l'Europe, auront exprimł leur consentement š śtre liłs par la convention conformłment aux dispositions du paragraphe prłcłdent.

3.Elle entrera en vigueur š l'łgard de tout État signataire ou de la Communautł łconomique europłenne, qui exprimeront ultłrieurement leur consentement š śtre liłs par elle, le premier jour du mois qui suit l'expiration d'une płriode de trois mois aprųs la date du dłpĮt de l'instrument de ratification, d'acceptation ou d'approbation.

Article 201. Aprųs l'entrłe en vigueur de la prłsente convention, le comitł

des ministres du Conseil de l'Europe pourra, aprųs consultation des parties contractantes, inviter š adhłrer š la convention tout État non membre du Conseil qui, invitł š la signer conformłment aux dispositions de l'article 19, ne l'aura pas encore fait, et tout autre État non membre.

2.Pour tout État adhłrent, la convention entrera en vigueur le premier jour du mois qui suit l'expiration d'une płriode de trois mois aprųs la date du dłpĮt de l'instrument d'adhłsion prųs le secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe.

Article 211. Tout État peut, au moment de la signature ou au moment du dłpĮt

de son instrument de ratification, d'acceptation, d'approbation ou d'adhłsion, dłsigner le ou les territoires auxquels s'appliquera la prłsente convention.

2.Toute partie contractante peut, au moment du dłpĮt de son instrument de ratification, d'acceptation, d'approbation ou d'adhłsion, ou š tout autre moment par la suite, łtendre l'application de la prłsente convention, par dłclaration adressłe au secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe, š tout autre territoire dłsignł dans la dłclaration et dont elle assure les relations internationales ou pour lequel elle est habilitłe š stipuler.

3.Toute dłclaration faite en vertu du paragraphe prłcłdent pourra śtre retirłe, en ce qui concerne tout territoire dłsignł dans cette dłclaration, par notification adressłe au secrłtaire głnłral. Le retrait prendra effet le premier jour du mois qui suit l'expiration d'une płriode de six mois aprųs la date de rłception de la notification par le secrłtaire głnłral.

Article 221. Tout État peut, au moment de la signature ou au moment du dłpĮt

de son instrument de ratification, d'acceptation, d'approbation ou d'adhłsion, formuler une ou plusieurs rłserves š l'łgard de certaines espųces łnumłrłes dans les annexes I š III et/ou, pour certaines de ces espųces qui seront indiqułes dans la ou les rłserves, š l'łgard de certains moyens ou młthodes de chasse et d'autres formes d'exploitation mentionnłs š l'annexe IV. Des rłserves de caractųre głnłral ne sont pas admises.

2.Toute partie contractante qui łtend l'application de la prłsente convention š un territoire dłsignł dans la dłclaration prłvue au paragraphe 2 de l'article 21 peut, pour le territoire concernł, formuler une ou plusieurs rłserves conformłment aux dispositions du paragraphe prłcłdent.

3.Aucune autre rłserve n'est admise.

4.Toute partie contractante qui a formulł une rłserve en vertu des paragraphes 1 et 2 du prłsent article peut la retirer en tout ou en partie en adressant une notification au secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe. Le retrait prendra effet š la date de rłception de la notification par le secrłtaire głnłral.

Article 231. Toute partie contractante peut, š tout moment, dłnoncer la

prłsente convention en adressant une notification au secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe.

2.La dłnonciation prendra effet le premier jour du mois qui suit l'expiration d'une płriode de six mois aprųs la date de rłception de la notification par le secrłtaire głnłral.

Article 24Le secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe notifiera aux États

membres du Conseil de l'Europe, š tout État signataire, š la Communautł łconomique europłenne, signataire de la prłsente convention, et š toute partie contractante: a) toute signature;

b)le dłpĮt de tout instrument de ratification, d'acceptation, d'approbation ou d'adhłsion;

c)toute date d'entrłe en vigueur de la prłsente convention, conformłment š ses articles 19 et 20;

d)toute information communiqułe en vertu des dispositions du paragraphe 3 de l'article 13;

e)tout rapport łtabli en application des dispositions de l'article 15;

f)tout amendement ou toute nouvelle annexe adoptł conformłment aux articles 16 et 17 et la date š laquelle cet amendement ou cette nouvelle annexe entre en vigueur;

g)toute dłclaration faite en vertu des dispositions des paragraphes 2 et 3 de l'article 21;

h)toute rłserve formulłe en vertu des dispositions des paragraphes 1 et 2 de l'article 22;

i)le retrait de toute rłserve effectuł en vertu des dispositions du paragraphe 4 de l'article 22;

j)toute notification faite en vertu des dispositions de l'article 23 et la date š laquelle la dłnonciation prendra effet.

En foi de quoi, les soussignłs, dūment autorisłs š cet effet, ont signł la prłsente convention.

Fait š Berne, le 19 septembre 1979, en fran÷ais et en anglais, les deux textes faisant łgalement foi, en un seul exemplaire qui sera dłposł dans les archives du Conseil de l'Europe.

Le secrłtaire głnłral du Conseil de l'Europe en communiquera copie certifiłe conforme š chacun des États membres du Conseil de l'Europe, š tout État et š la Communautł łconomique europłenne signataires ainsi qu'š tout État invitł š signer la prłsente convention ou š y adhłrer.