Official translation

Official translation Official translation REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA LAW ON HIGHER EDUCATION 21 March 2000 No.VIII-1586 Vilnius The objective of higher education  is to develop an educated personality and society with an aptitude for learning, with knowledge of the latest technologies and cultural values, to create, accumulate and disseminate scientific knowledge and cultural values, and to foster a specific character of national culture. As an essential precondition of the State’s future spiritual and material prosperity, higher education shall promote the creation of new knowledge and cultural values through studies, research or artistic creation. Chapter I PROVISIONS Article 1. Scope of the Law This Law shall define: 1) the system of studies, after which a person is recognised as having acquired higher education in the Republic of Lithuania; 2) the principles for acquisition of professional qualifications, qualification and research degrees in higher education establishments; 3) the limits of higher education establishment autonomy and of State regulation of their activities; 4) the rights and duties of the higher education establishment academic staff and research workers, and students; 5) legal grounds for the founding, reorganisation and liquidation of higher education establishments in the Republic of Lithuania; 6) the basic requirements for higher education establishments and study programmes; 7) the evaluation and registration of study programmes; 8) the principles of financing of higher education establishments and studies. 2. The provisions of this Law shall apply to the General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania in as much as they are in compliance with the laws regulating the organisation of the national defence system, and the military service of the Republic of Lithuania. Article 2. Definitions of this Law 1. Higher education – education acquired after the completion of undergraduate or integrated studies in a higher education establishment of Lithuania, or equivalent studies in a foreign higher education establishment; 2. Higher education establishment – a higher education and science institution engaged in teaching leading to degrees or higher education qualifications in accordance with the procedure established by this law. 3. Bachelor’s degree - qualification degree awarded to a person who has completed a study programme of the first stage of sequential university studies. 4. Diploma - a certificate attesting to the person’s acquired professional qualification or professional qualification and qualification degree, as well as a research degree, which is issued upon the completion of undergraduate studies, special professional studies, master studies, art postgraduate studies, after the defence of a doctoral dissertation. 5. Doctoral studies - university studies of the third (highest) stage together with research and the preparation of a dissertation. 6. Qualification - professional qualification or professional qualification and qualification degree (Bachelor’s, Master’s) which are awarded upon the completion of an appropriate stage of sequential studies. 7. Qualification degree – a degree (Bachelor’s, Master’s) awarded to a person upon his completion of the programme of an appropriate stage of the sequential university studies (with the exception of doctoral studies or art postgraduate studies). 8. Master studies – sequential university studies of the second stage leading to a higher person’s professional and research qualification. 9. Master’ degree - a qualification degree awarded to a person who has completed the Master study programme. 10. Art postgraduate studies – the third (highest) stage of university studies intended for the training of higher education establishment art teachers and specialisation of artists. 11. Scientist - a person who undertakes research and has a research degree or academic title. 12. Research degree - a degree attesting to the person’s research qualification, which is awarded upon the defence of a dissertation. 13. Non-university studies –one-stage professional studies in a higher education establishment, oriented to practical activities, providing possibilities of acquiring a professional qualification based on applied research and (or) development. 14. Selective studies – studies, where separate subjects or subject cycles are studied, intended for the improvement or change of a person’s qualifications, and for the development of his professional or general education. 15. Sequential studies – studies, after the completion of which higher education is acquired and/or a qualification is awarded, and doctoral or art postgraduate studies. 16. Undergraduate studies – a first stage of university sequential studies or non-university studies. 17. Recognised artist - an artist who meets the qualification requirements established by the Government, applied to teachers of art studies. 18. Professional qualification - professional competencies acquired after the completion of undergraduate studies, special professional or integrated studies, as well as Master studies, internship or art postgraduate studies. 19. Residency - a second stage of university studies intended for the preparation of persons who have completed medical studies, for medical practice. 20. Special professional studies - a second stage of sequential  university studies intended for acquiring a higher professional qualification. 21. Student - a person studying at a higher education establishment according to the sequential study programme. 22. Studies – learning of a person who has completed at least his secondary education, in a higher education establishment according to a certain study programme. 23. Study credit (hereinafter referred to as a credit) – a unit for measuring the scope of studies, equalling forty conditional student work (academic, laboratory, independent, etc.) hours, i.e., one week of his work. 24. Study programme – a mixture of curriculum, methods and measures of studies of a certain subject area, the academic and professional staff, and material potential used for studies, as well as the description of the said mixture. 25. University studies – sequential studies providing conditions for a person to acquire higher education and qualification based on theoretical preparation and research, as well as to acquire a research degree (upon the presentation and defence of a dissertation). 26. Integrated studies - studies intended for acquiring a higher professional qualification, when university studies of the first and second stages are being harmonised. Article 3. The Right to Acquire Higher Education 1. Persons who completed, as a minimum, their secondary education, shall, in accordance with abilities and knowledge, be entitled under the procedure established by this Law to seek to acquire higher education in Lithuania’s higher education establishments. 2. Higher education establishments shall establish the procedure for studies of citizens from foreign states and persons without citizenship in compliance with the requirements approved by the Government. 3. Higher education acquired in foreign higher education establishments shall be recognised in accordance with the procedure established by laws and other legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania as well as by international treaties of the Republic of Lithuania. Article 4. Study System. Documents Certifying Qualification and Academic Degree 1. The study system shall consist of sequential university and non-university studies in higher education establishments according to the study programmes, included in the Study and Teaching Programme Register, as well as of selective studies. 2. A person who completed the programme of any stage of sequential studies shall be issued a higher education establishment a diploma in the prescribed form, which attests to the completion. 3. A certificate shall, in a manner prescribed by a higher education establishment,  be issued to a person who studied separate subjects or a cycle of subjects at a higher education establishment, but did not complete any of the stages of sequential studies. 4. The qualification which is awarded upon the completion of appropriate sequential studies of a higher education establishment shall be specified in a study programme. The Ministry of Education and Science (hereinafter referred to as the Ministry), taking into consideration the proposals of the Science Council of Lithuania, the Rectors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Universities, the Directors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Colleges, shall prepare a list of qualifications awarded to the persons who complete sequential studies in accordance with the approved subject areas. This list shall be approved by the Government. 5. The form of the documents certifying the awarding of a qualification and research degree, as well as the procedure for the production, accounting, registration and issue thereof shall be established by the Government. Article 5. Types of Higher Education Establishments and Grounds of Their Activities 1. Higher education establishments shall be of two types – universities and colleges. 2. Higher education establishments may be both State and not belonging to the State. 3. A higher education establishment shall organise studies, provide qualifications requiring higher education, conduct research and/or apply research results, accumulate scientific knowledge, develop creative activity and culture, and uphold traditions of the academic community. 4. The activity of a higher education establishment shall be based on the uniformity of science/art and studies as well as academic freedom and autonomy which shall be established by law and the statute of a higher education establishment. 5. A higher education establishment must have academic and professional staff whose qualifications correspond to the qualifications established by guidelines for a subject area, study rooms, laboratories, a library, research or artistic creative activity, as well as training and information aids necessary to implement appropriate study programmes. The said aids must conform to the qualifications awarded by the higher education establishment. 6. A higher education establishment may establish units necessary for the implementation of its purpose – faculties, institutions, departments, laboratories, production and other units. 7. When fulfilling its functions, a State higher education establishment must: 1)          offer equal opportunities to all permanent citizens of the Republic of Lithuania to acquire higher education in accordance with their abilities and knowledge; 2)          prepare specialists taking into consideration the needs of the State and labour market; 3) carry out periodical self-analysis of its main spheres of activities and improve them; 4) inform the society and public authorities about its activities, measures for the assurance of study quality and the use of the funds. 5) provide consultations to students regarding employment. 8. A State higher education establishment shall be a non-profit-making institution. Article 6. University 1. A University shall be a higher education establishment, where university studies prevail and the majority of students comprise those studying according to university study programmes, research is carried out, master and doctoral studies are organised and (or) professional artistic creative activity of high level is developed, and art postgraduate studies exist. The status of university may be granted to a higher education establishment performing the above mentioned functions even if its name does not include a word “university”. 2. The main goals of the university shall be as follows: 1) to create conditions for a person to acquire higher education based on research and conforming to a contemporary level of science and technology,  qualification and research degree;  2) to create conditions for persons’ continuing education, improvement of acquired qualifications, and re-qualification; 3) to prepare scientists and (or) artists, to strengthen the effect of science and studies on the progress of Lithuania’s economy and culture, and on the fostering of democratic, civic society; 4) to develop a society which is open to education and culture, able to use science effectively and compete in a market of high-level technologies, products, and services; 5) to promote the development of the regions and of the entire country by research, educational, artistic and other cultural activities; 6) to develop research necessary for the development of national humanitarian, information and technological culture, and for international scientific and economic co-operation. 3. Universities shall be involved in preparing specialists to meet the needs of the country for education, culture and economy and other national needs, capable to carry out intellectual and creative work independently. 4. Universities may teach students in accordance with non-university study programmes as well. 5. More than half of university teachers must be scientists and (or) distinguished artists. Article 7. College 1. A College shall be a higher education establishment, where non-university studies prevail and the majority of students are those studying in accordance with non-university study programmes, applied research and (or) development or professional arts are developed. The college name may not include words “university” and “academy”. 2. The main objectives of the college shall be as follows: 1) to create conditions for all those who are capable to acquire higher education and professional qualification conforming to the needs of the Lithuanian economy and the contemporary level of science and technology; 2) to develop applied research and development necessary for the region, to consult the representatives of local authorities and economic entities; 3) to create conditions for continuing studies, to assist economic entities in organising professional qualification improvement and re-qualification of the persons, to develop an approach of all life learning; 4) to foster a society which is open to education and culture that is capable of operating under conditions of rapid technological changes. 3. Colleges shall be involved in preparing specialists of practical orientation, capable of working separately in the spheres of education, culture, economy and other spheres. The college may award professional qualifications only upon receiving the authorisation of the Ministry. 4. College study programmes may include study programmes (modules) co-ordinated with universities and corresponding to university undergraduate studies. A college may be given the right to organise the undergraduate university studies of some subject area in accordance with the procedure established by the Government. In this event, not less than half of the amount of study programmes must be taught by scientists and (or) distinguished artists. 5. Persons who acquire non-university higher education at colleges, shall have the right to study at universities in a manner prescribed by the Ministry. 6. A college must have academic and professional staff for the implementation of its tasks. More than a half of the teachers must have no less than 3 years’ work experience in the sphere of the subject taught. Guidelines for a subject area shall define subjects that must be taught by teachers with a research degree. 7. A college may conclude contracts with universities concerning general studies and research programmes, exchange programmes, etc. Article 8. Higher Education Establishment Statute 1.          The statute of a higher education establishment (hereinafter referred to as statute) shall be a legal act regulating the activities of a higher education establishment. 2. The higher education establishment statute must comprise the following: 1)         higher education establishment name, founders, seat; 2)         goals, tasks and areas of activities; 3) structure and procedure of its changing; 4)         procedure of the formation of self-government institutions and organisation of the activities thereof as well as their rights, duties and functions; 5)         purpose of the units and their competence; 6)         the procedure for election or appointment of the heads of a higher education establishment and its units, their duties and rights; 7)         rights, duties and responsibility of the academic staff and research workers; 8)         rights of students and measures for the implementation thereof; 9)         duties of students, the procedure of disciplinary penalties imposed on them; 10)       the procedure for the formation of commissions intended for the settlement of disputes arising between the administration and other employees as well as students, the procedure for the settlement of disputes and the implementation of decisions; 11) sources of assets, procedure for use of property and assets; 12) the procedure for adopting and amending of the statute. 3.          The statute may also regulate other issues of higher education establishment activities. 4.          The State university statute and its amendments or supplements shall be approved by the Seimas, the State college statute and its amendments or supplements shall be approved by the Government. 5. The statute of a higher education establishment not belonging to the State shall be adopted in a manner prescribed by its founder, and amended in a manner prescribed by the statute. The statute of  a higher education establishment not belonging to the State shall be registered by the Ministry. Article 9. Higher Education Establishment Autonomy 1.          Higher education establishments of the Republic of Lithuania shall have autonomy, based on the principle of self-government, academic freedom and respect for human rights, and defined in the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania, laws as well as higher education establishment statutes. 2.          Higher education establishments shall have the following rights: 1)          to establish their own procedure of studies; 2)          to formulate programmes conforming to the guidelines for a subject area; 3)          to publish study, scientific and other literature; 4)          to define their own organisational structure, internal work regulations, the concrete number of academic staff and research workers, administrative and other employees, their rights and duties and pay conditions which are in compliance with effective legal acts; 5)          to elect self-government institutions in a manner established by the statute; 6)          to enrol and expel students;  7)          to establish forms of co-operation with Lithuanian and foreign enterprises, institutions and organisations; 8)          to manage the property, to use and dispose of it in a manner prescribed by law. 3.          Beside the rights specified in paragraph 2 of this Article, universities shall be have the following right: 1)          to select study forms and subject areas, research, professional artistic activities; 2)          to approve study programmes conforming to the guidelines for a subject area; 3)          to award research degrees, qualifications, academic title in a manner prescribed by the Government; 4. Higher education establishment academic staff, research workers and students shall be entitled to freedom of expression, studies, research and artistic creation and shall enjoy them without infringing the rights of other persons or violating laws, other legal acts and the higher education establishment statute. Article 10. Language of Instruction The language of instruction at higher education establishments of the Republic of Lithuania shall be the Lithuanian language. Other languages shall be allowed to be used for instruction if: 1)         a study programme is related to another language; 2) lectures are delivered and other academic studies are run by foreign higher education establishment teachers and specialists of other foreign organisations; 3) this is required by an international study exchange. Article 11. Higher Education Establishment Property 1. The property of a higher education establishment shall consist of buildings and other tangible assets owned by the right of ownership, extra-budgetary funds, securities, and intellectual work products (inasmuch as they do not infringe the copyright) and other legally acquired property. 2. State higher education establishments shall administer, use and dispose of the transferred State (municipality) property under the right of confidence. Their rights for administering and using State property and disposing of it shall be established by this Law and other laws. 3. State (municipality) property may be transferred to higher education establishments which do not belong to the State under a loan-for-use contract in accordance with the procedure established by this laws. 4. State-owned land shall be given to universities for use of an unlimited duration in accordance with the procedure established by law. Only the Government of the Republic of Lithuania may change the borders of the territory of State universities or the ownership of buildings, upon receiving the consent of the university senate. If the university does not consent to this, the borders of the territory or the ownership of buildings may be changed only by the Seimas. 5.          Public authorities or self-government institutions may not carry out works (except urgent emergency works) within university territories without the permission of the rector or a person authorised by him. Article 12. Registers of Higher Education Establishments and Study Programmes The Government shall establish the State Register of Educational Institutions and Institutions of Science and Higher Education, and the Register of Studies and Training Programmes. The Ministry shall manage these registers. Chapter II FOUNDING, REORGANIZATION AND LIQUIDATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENTS Article 13. Conditions of the Founding of Higher Education Establishments 1. A higher education establishment may be founded only in the presence of material facilities and other conditions laid down in this Law necessary to ensure the quality of planned study programmes, research and (or) artistic activities, as well as to meet the requirements of provided qualifications. 2. When adopting a decision to found a higher education establishment, it shall be necessary to have the conclusions of institutions authorised by the Government which confirm that the material facilities of an institution being founded meet the requirements for health protection and safety at work. 3. A State university shall be established only by way of reorganisation of a branch of the university, a functioning higher education establishment or several functioning higher education establishments. Article 14. Founding of State Higher Education Establishments 1. A State university shall be established by the Seimas on the advice of the Government. 2. A State college shall be established by the Government on the advice of the Ministry. A college may be also established on the joint advice of the Ministry and the university. In this event, a college statute shall be approved only with the consent of the university council. 3. Upon the receipt of Government’s authorisation, a State university may establish branches which have the status of a legal person. Statutes of such branches shall be registered by the Ministry. 4. When establishing a State higher education establishment, the Ministry shall evaluate the conclusions made by the Science Council of Lithuania, the Rectors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Universities and the Directors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Colleges, and, if consent with the founding of a higher education establishment, shall draw up its foundation project. The requirements of this project and the procedure for its preparation shall be established by the Government. 5. Upon the adoption of a decision to found a higher education establishment, the Minister of Education and Science (hereinafter referred to as the Minister) shall approve a constituent council, appoint the acting rector (director), approve the provisional statute of a higher education establishment, identify conditions that should be fulfilled before the beginning of the higher education establishment activity, shall also predict the amount of funds required from the State budget for the activities of a higher education establishment. Article 15. Founding of Higher Education Establishments not Belonging to the State 1. Higher Education Establishments not belonging to the State or their branches having the rights of a legal person may, in a manner prescribed by the Government,  be founded by Lithuania’s legal and natural persons as well as higher education establishments of the state which are in line with the Euro-Atlantic integration course followed by the Republic of Lithuania. Higher education establishments which are being established jointly with foreign partners shall have the status of a higher education establishment not belonging to the State. 2.  Legal and natural persons who wish to establish a higher education establishment not belonging to the State shall submit to the Ministry projects of study programmes, statute, and activities of a higher education establishment as well as the documents proving the founders have sources of financing necessary for the creation of the material facilities of a Higher Education Establishment and provision of its activities. The Ministry must consider the submitted documents not later than within 3 months. If the activity project, study programmes, statute and material facilities of a Higher Education Establishment or its branch conform to the conditions prescribed by this Law, the Ministry shall submit the opinion to the Government concerning the issuance of a licence to a Higher Education Establishment. Upon the adoption of a negative decision concerning the founding of a higher education establishment, the Ministry shall inform the applicants about the decision and its reasons for making it. The decision may be appealed against in a judicial hearing. 3. The activities of a Higher Education Establishment not belonging to the State which have been commenced without the licence of the Government, shall be terminated in a manner prescribed by law and an administrative action shall be taken against the founders of such Higher Education Establishment.  Article 16. Beginning of the Activities of a Higher Education Establishment 1. A higher education establishment shall have the right to commence its activities from the date of the registration of the said institution and its study programmes in the State Register of Educational Institutions and Institutions of Science and Higher Education, and the Register of Studies and Training Programmes. A new higher education establishment shall be recorded in the State Register of Educational Institutions and Institutions of Science and Higher Education only after the commission established by the Government or its authorised institution acknowledges that the conditions indicated when adopting a decision to establish a higher education establishment or issue a licence have been fulfilled. 2. Within four years after the beginning of the higher education establishment activity, the study quality assessment commission authorised by the Government, shall carry out an assessment of the higher education establishment’s activities. 3. If the activities are evaluated positively, the Minister shall issue a permission to a higher education establishment to adopt a statute and to form self-government institutions of a higher education establishment in accordance with the procedure prescribed by this Law. Upon the election of the senate (academic council) and the rector (college director), the powers of the constituent council and acting university rector (college director) shall be discontinued. 4. If the activities of a higher education establishment are evaluated negatively, the Minister may fix a period up to two years to solve the shortcomings. If at the end of the given period, the higher education establishment is again given a negative assessment, the Minister shall initiate the reorganisation or liquidation of the higher education establishment. If the activities of a higher education establishment not belonging to the State are given a further negative assessment, the Government shall resolve the issue of the revocation of a licence issued to this higher education establishment. Article 17. Reorganisation of Higher Education Establishments 1.         The reorganisation of a higher education establishment shall be considered to be the restructuring of several higher education establishments or their branches which have the rights of a legal person, into a new higher education establishment, the splitting of a higher education establishment into two or more higher education establishments, as well as the reorganisation of a college into a university or a university into a college. 2.         On the advice of the Government, the Seimas shall adopt a decision concerning the reorganisation of a State university or its branch which has the rights of a legal person or the reorganisation of a State college into a university. The Government shall adopt decisions concerning the reorganisation of State colleges. 3. Upon the adoption of a decision to reorganise a higher education establishment (higher education establishments) into a higher education establishment (higher education establishments) of the same type, the Minister shall appoint the provisional council of a higher education establishment (higher education establishments) and acting administrator. The acting administrator must, in a manner prescribed by this Law,  hold within three months the election of a senate (academic council) of the reorganised higher education establishment. 4. Upon the election of the head of the reorganised higher education establishment, the powers of the acting administrator shall be terminated. 6. When reorganising a higher education establishment (higher education establishments) into a higher education establishment (higher education establishments) of a different type, the requirements of Articles 14 of this Law shall apply. Article 18. Liquidation of a Higher Education Establishment 1. If the study quality assessment commission authorised by the Government gives a repeat assessment of the activities of a higher education establishment and discloses that the qualifications provided do not conform to the established requirements, the Ministry may propose to the Government the following: 1) to revoke the licence of a higher education establishment not belonging to the State; 2) to liquidate or reorganise a State college; 3) to propose to the Seimas the liquidation or reorganisation of a State university. 2. Upon the adoption of a decision to liquidate a State higher education establishment or its branch which has the rights of legal person, the Ministry shall appoint a liquidator, who, according to the liquidation project and schedule approved by the Minister, shall liquidate a higher education establishment. The project must set forth  proposals concerning the further work of the staff, possibilities for students to continue their studies in other higher education establishments as well as the use of the higher education establishment property. 3. The senate (academic council) of a higher education establishment under liquidation and the university council (college council) as well as the rector (director) shall lose their powers from the date of the appointment of the liquidator. Their functions shall be executed by the liquidator. 4. A higher education establishment not belonging to the State shall be liquidated by its founders. The higher education establishment not belonging to the State shall have no right to issue diplomas to graduates confirming higher education from the date of revocation of the licence. 5. A higher education establishment shall be regarded as liquidated from the date of its deregistration from the State Register of Educational Institutions and Institutions of Science and Higher Education. Chapter III SELF-GOVERNMENT AND STATE REGULATION OF Higher education establishmentS Article 19. Institutions for State Regulation and Co-ordination of Higher Education Establishment Activities 1.          State regulation of the activities of higher education establishments shall be executed by the Government and the Ministry in accordance with the procedure established by legal acts. 2.          The Lithuanian Scientific Council shall be a scientific expert of the Seimas and the Government for the organisation of science and studies as well as for financial issues.  3. The Higher Education Council shall be an expert institution on strategic higher education development issues, which shall be formed and function in accordance with the regulations approved by the Government. 4. Interrelations between higher education establishments and relations with the public authorities and municipal institutions shall be co-ordinated by the Science Council of Lithuania, the Rectors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Universities, the Directors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Colleges, the Union (Unions) of Student Representatives and other societies of higher education establishments, non-profit and other organisations and associations, which operate in accordance with laws and their bylaws. These organisations, at their own request, may receive financial assistance from the funds allocated for general needs of science and studies. Article 20. Planning of Lithuania’s Higher Education System Development 1. Higher education establishments shall prepare their long-term development plan projects for a period of 5 years and submit them to the Ministry. The Ministry shall co-ordinate them with higher education establishments, taking into consideration the conclusions of the Higher Education Council. 2. The Ministry, taking into account the priorities of the State, financial resources, long-term development plans submitted by higher education establishments, shall prepare a long-term Lithuanian higher education system development plan project and, upon taking into consideration the conclusions of the Higher Education Council, shall submit it to the Government for approval, and announce it to the public. The plan must include: 1) the objectives and tasks of the State in the sphere of higher education; 2) a survey of the condition of higher education in Lithuania and its evaluation; 3) the trends of development of higher education and higher education establishments;  4) prospects for updating and improving study programmes;  5) the planned number of students to be admitted to higher education establishments; 6) the planned higher education establishment financing programme. 3. When necessary, the Ministry shall update the Lithuanian higher education system development plan, taking into consideration the remarks and proposals of the Seimas committees, ministries, the Higher Education Council, the Science Council of Lithuania, the Rectors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Universities, the Directors’ Conference (Conferences) of Lithuanian Colleges and other institutions and experts, and shall submit an updated plan to the Government for approval. Article 21. Higher Education Establishment Self-government Bodies and Higher Education Establishment Public Regulation Bodies 1. The supreme body of the academic self-government of a State university shall be the senate, and the supreme body of the academic self-government of a State college - the academic council. 2. The public supervision and care body of a State university shall be the university council, and the public supervision and care body of a State college shall be the college council; 3. The self-government and management procedure of a higher education establishment not belonging to the State shall be established by its statute. Article 22. The Senate 1. The senate shall be formed in accordance with the procedure established by the university statute for a period not longer than five years. 2. University scientists, distinguished artists, students as well as scientists and distinguished artists of other higher education establishments may be senate members. Students must comprise not less than 10 percent of the Senate members. Representatives of students to the Senate shall be delegated by the students’ government organisation and if there is no students’ government organisation, representatives shall be elected by a general students’ meeting (conference). Professors must comprise not less than half of the senate members. The university rector shall be an ex officio member of the Senate. 3. The senate activities shall be regulated by the university statute. The rector and the senate chairman may not be the same person. 4. An extraordinary meeting of the senate must be convened in the case where not less than one third of the senate members request one. In this case the meeting shall be presided over by a senate member elected as a meeting chairman. 5. The senate shall exercise the following functions: 1) adopt and submit a statute and amendments thereof to the Seimas for approval; 2) appoint representatives to the university council; 3) elect and dismiss the rector; 4) on the advice of the rector, approve the vice rectors, deans of faculties, heads of departments, directors of institutes, heads of other branches provided for in the statute who are elected or appointed to the office in a manner prescribed by the statute; 5) establish the procedure for performance evaluation of the academic staff and research workers and for the organisation of competitions to hold the post; 6) in a manner prescribed by the Government, award the titles of professor and docent to teachers holding appropriate offices, as well as university’s honorary titles; 7 ) control the quality of studies and training of scientists; 8) consider and approve study programmes, programmes concerning research and the development thereof, as well as structural changes necessary for the implementation of such programmes, taking into consideration proposals of the university council; 9) submit proposals to the Government concerning allocation of funds for consultative and information activities of scientific fields developed by the university; 10) consider the university’s developmental long-term plan project and, upon receipt of the conclusion of the university council, approve it and present it to the Ministry together with the said conclusion of the university council; 11) consider a draft agreement with the Ministry and, upon receipt of the conclusion of the university council, present it to the Ministry together with the said conclusion of the university council; 12) consider annual rector’s reports, annual income and expenditure estimates and, upon receipt of the conclusion of the university council, approve them; 13) approve rules of the internal order of the university and documents regulating the administration of academic affairs; 14) in accordance with the procedure established by the statute, convene meetings of university academic community to discuss important university activity issues; 15) exercise other functions provided for by the statute. 6. The senate shall inform the academic community about its decisions in the manner prescribed by the statute and shall report to it on the senate’s activities once a year. Article 23. The Academic Council of the College 1.          The academic council shall be formed in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the college statute for a period not longer than five years. 2. The teachers and students as well as representatives of other science and higher education institutions shall be members of the academic council. Students must comprise not less than 10 percent of the academic council members. Not less than 10 per cent of representatives of other science and higher education institutions must be elected to the academic council in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the statute. Each college subject area shall be represented in the academic council by not less than one scientist. Representatives of students shall be delegated to the academic council by the students’ government organisation, and if there is no such organisation - by the general meeting (conference) of students. The college director shall be ex officio member of the academic council. 3. The academic council shall function in a manner prescribed by the statute. The same person may not be the college director and the academic  council chairman. 4. An extraordinary meeting of the academic council shall be convened if so requested by not less than one third of the academic council members. In this case the meeting shall be presided over by the academic council member elected as a meeting chairman. 5. The academic council shall exercise such principal functions: 1) adopt and present to the Government for approval a college statute and  amendments thereof; 2)          appoint representatives to the college council; 3)          approve or elect the heads of the college units in a manner prescribed by the statute; 4)          establish a procedure for the performance evaluation of the academic staff and for the organisation of competitions to hold the post; 5) present study programmes to the Ministry for approval; 6) establish the procedure for quality assurance of studies and control the quality of studies; 7) consider the programmes of the development of applied research and (or) development; 8) consider projects a long-term plan of the college development and an agreement with the Ministry, and, upon the receipt of the approval of the college council, present them to the Ministry; 9) consider annual college director’s reports, annual income and expenditure estimates as well as reports on their fulfilment, and, upon the receipt of the college council, approve them; 10) approve rules of the internal order of the college and documents regulating the  administration of academic affairs 11) in accordance with the procedure established by the statute, convene meetings of the academic community of the college to discuss important college activity issues; 12) exercise other functions provided for in the statute. 6. The academic council shall inform the academic community about its decisions in a manner prescribed by the statute and shall report to it on the academic council’s activities once a year. Article 24. The State University Council. The State College Council 1. The State university council and the State college council (hereinafter referred to as the council) shall: 1)          prepare conclusions concerning the projects of a long-term plan of the higher education establishment development and an agreement of a higher education establishment with the Ministry; 2)          present recommendations on study programmes, programmes related to research and the development thereof, as well as on structural changes necessary for the implementation of such programmes; 3)          make arrangements for the provision of support to a higher education establishment; 4)          2 months prior to the expiry of the office, as well as in the case provided for in this Law and (or) the statute when the powers are terminated before the expiry of the office, announce elections of a senate (academic council) and a rector (college director); 5)          consider and prepare conclusions regarding annual reports of the rector (college director), annual income and expenditure forecasts and a report on whether those forecasts have been met/on the actual figures; 6)          evaluate how a higher education establishment carries out its tasks contributes to the economic, social and cultural development of the State; 7)          evaluate how the higher education establishment property and the funds allocated by the State or received otherwise are used; may propose to the Ministry the initiation of auditing of the economic and financial activities of a higher education establishment; 8) announce to the public the results of the evaluation of the activities of a higher education establishment; 2. The college council shall elect a college director. 3. The council shall have the right to obtain from a higher education establishment and the Ministry the information necessary to exercise the functions. The college members may attend all sittings of higher education establishment self-government and management institutions. A higher education establishment must provide the council with premises and render it technical services.    4. The council shall be formed for a period of 4 years from not less than 9, but not more than 21 members. The council shall be formed from three parts: one-third of the council members is, appointed by the senate (academic council), in a manner prescribed by the statute, another third of the council members (not the employees of a higher education establishment) representing the spheres of science, culture, art and economy, local self-government institutions or public authorities, is appointed by the Minister; the remaining third of the council members is appointed by consensus of the rector. The rector (college director) and at least one representative of students elected by the students’ government organisation, and if there is no such organisation - by the general meeting (conference) of students must be among the members appointed by the senate (academic council) of a higher education establishment. The Minister shall, by his order, announce the composition of the council and, taking into consideration the recommendation of the rector (college director), appoint its chairman. The person working in that higher education establishment may not be the council chairman. 5. The Seimas and the Government  members, civil servants of political (personal) confidence may not be council members. 6. The council shall approve its working regulations. The council shall adopt decisions by a majority of votes of all council members. Sittings of the council shall be lawful if not less than 2/3 of the council members attend them. 7. If the senate (academic council) does not approve of the council’s conclusions and proposals concerning annual income and expenditure estimates and their implementation accounts, the council shall consider them repeatedly and, if it adopts the same decision again, such decision shall become mandatory to the senate (academic council). 8. If a council member does not properly perform his duties provided for in the council regulations, the council chairman shall have the right to appeal to the Minister, the senate (academic council) or the rector (college director) with a request to dismiss the appointed (elected) council member. Upon the receipt of the senate’s consent, the rector shall have the right to submit a request to the Minister to change a council chairman. 9. In a manner prescribed by the council regulations, the council shall each year inform the senate (academic council), the academic community and the public about its activities and present reports to the Minister. Article 25. University Rector 1. The university rector shall head the university, represent it and act on its behalf. 2. The university rector shall: 1) be responsible for the compliance of the university activities with the laws of the Republic of Lithuania, the university statute and other legal acts; 2) issue orders; 3) employ and dismiss employees, announce competitions to hold positions, appoint persons to these positions and dismiss them from them; 4) approve the rules regulating the internal order of a higher education establishment; 3) approve higher education establishment documents; 4) enrol and expel students; 5) give incentives employees and students and impose disciplinary penalties on them as well as announce this fact publicly; 6) be responsible for the financial activities of the university, the proper management, use and disposal of the property; 7) be concerned with due quality of higher education provided, research, cultural and artistic activities; 8) publicly announce and submit to the senate and the Ministry an annual report on the university activity, an annual income and expenditure estimate and its implementation account;  9) exercise other functions assigned to him by the laws, the statute and other legal acts. 3. The rector may, in a manner prescribed by the statute, delegate part of his functions to vice rectors. 4. The State university rector shall be elected by the senate for a period not exceeding five years and for not more than two subsequent terms of office by way of an open competition, by secret ballot in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the statute. Only a scientist or a distinguished artist possessing the title of professor may participate in the competition to hold the office of a rector. 5. If an annual report of the State university rector or an annual account on the implementation of an income and expenditure estimate is not approved by a majority of votes of all senate members, the powers of the rector shall be terminated. If it is established that the rector has grossly violated laws and (or) the statute, the senate may, on its own initiative or on the advice of the council, dismiss the rector from his position.  Until the election of a new rector, the senate shall appoint another senate member to exercise the powers of rector. 6. The rector of a university not belonging to the State shall be elected or appointed in accordance with the procedure established by the statute. Article 26. College Director 1. The college director shall head the college, act on behalf of it and represent it. 2. The college director shall: 1) be responsible for the compliance of the college activities with the laws of the Republic of Lithuania, the university statute and other legal acts; 2) issue orders; 3) employ and dismiss employees, announce competitions to positions of teachers, appoint persons to these positions and dismiss them from them; 4) set up a commission for the selection of applicants, enrol and expel students; 5) give incentives to employees and students and impose disciplinary penalties on them as well as announce this fact publicly; 6) be responsible for the financial activities of the college, the proper management, use and disposal of the property; 7) be concerned with due quality of studies and the level of higher education provided; 8) publicly announce and submit to the academic council and the Ministry an annual report on the college activity, an annual income and expenditure estimate and its implementation account;  9) exercise other functions assigned to him. 3. The college director may, in a manner prescribed by the statute, delegate part of his functions to deputy directors. 4. The State college director shall be elected by the college council for a period not exceeding five years and for not more than two subsequent terms of office by way of an open competition, by secret ballot in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the Ministry. A candidate shall be considered for election if not less than half of all college council members vote for him. A person who was involved in organisational or pedagogical work and who usually has a research degree may participate in the competition to hold the office of a college director. 5. A State college director shall begin holding his office after the Ministry approves his candidature. 6.  If the Minister does not approve of an elected State college director, the council shall announce a new election of college director. 7. If an annual report of the college director or an annual account on the implementation of an income and expenditure estimate is not approved by a majority of votes of all academic council members,  as well as it is established that the director has grossly violated laws and (or) the statute, upon the council’s recommendation, the Minister may dismiss such State college director prior to the expiry of his term of office and ask the council to announce new elections of director. Upon dismissal of the director and until the election of a new director, the Minister shall appoint another academic council member to exercise the powers of director. 6. The director of a college not belonging to the State shall be elected or appointed in accordance with the procedure established by the statute. Chapter IV HIGHER EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENT STAFF Article 27. Higher Education Establishment Staff 1. The higher education establishment staff shall consist of the academic staff, research workers, the administration and other employees. The academic staff and research workers of higher education establishments shall be statutory public servants whose working conditions and social guarantees shall be established by this Law and other legal acts. 2. Teachers and research workers may work in science and higher education institutions for not more than the equivalent number of hours as a full-time and part-time job combined. 3. A person who wishes to work in a higher education establishment as an additional workplace, must, together with a request to be employed as a teacher or a research worker, specify his position (activities) in a main workplace and all additional workplaces. 4. The Government or an institution authorise by it shall establish the minimum  requirements for job qualification of the academic staff and research workers, the procedure for organising competitions to hold such offices, and for performance evaluation of the academic staff and research workers. Article 28. The Academic Staff 1. The positions of the academic staff of a higher education establishment shall be as follows: professor, docent, lecturer, and assistant lecturer. 2. Teachers having a research degree, alongside the pedagogical work must participate in research and (or) development as well as methodical activities, and artists-teachers - in research and (or) professional artistic activities as well as methodical activities. 3. A scientist who meets the requirements for the position of professor or a distinguished artist may hold the office of a professor. 4. A scientist holding the office of a professor must prepare scientists, teach students, form research trends and direct them, announce research results in reviewed scientific publications. A distinguished artist acting in holding the office of a professor must prepare professional artists, teach students, participate in artistic activities and (or) form art research trends and direct them, announce research results. 5. A scientist or distinguished artist may qualify for a position of a docent. Upon the approval of the senate (academic council), a person with a master’s qualification degree or the equivalent higher education may occupy a position of a docent for one term of office. 6. A scientist holding the position of a docent must teach students, carry out research, announce research results in  reviewed scientific publications. A distinguished artist holding the position of a docent must prepare professional artists, teach students, participate in artistic activities. 7. A candidate for the position of a lecturer may be a scientist or a person with master’s qualification degree or equivalent higher education. A lecturer must teach students and be involved in methodical activities. 8. A candidate for the position of an assistant lecturer may be a person with at least a master’s qualification degree or the equivalent higher education. An assistant lecturer must direct practical training of students (practical work, placements, tutorials) and help in carrying out research. The latter requirement may not apply to assistant lecturers of university art studies, as well as college assistant lecturers. An assistant lecturer shall be provided with the conditions to prepare for doctoral studies art postgraduate studies. Article 29. Research Workers 1. For the execution of its functions, a higher education establishment may have research workers. Research workers shall be: 1) scientists holding the positions of chief researcher, senior researcher and researcher. 2) persons with higher education, holding the position of junior researcher. 2. A scientist may hold the position of chief researcher. The chief researcher must prepare scientists, form research trends and direct them, announce research results in reviewed scientific publications. 3. A scientist may hold the position of senior researcher. The senior researcher must direct research and announce research results in reviewed scientific publications. 4. A scientist may hold the position of researcher. The researcher must carry out research and announce research results in reviewed scientific publications. 5. A person with not less than a master’s qualification degree or equivalent higher education may hold the position of junior researcher. The junior researcher must carry out or help to carry out research, prepare for doctoral studies. Article 30. Administration and other Employees 1. Higher education establishments must have the administration necessary for the execution of administrative functions of higher education establishments and their units, as well as other employees necessary for the implementation of  academic and house administration tasks of higher education establishments. 2. The higher education establishment administration shall consist of the heads of those institutions and of their structural units, as well as their deputies. 3. The higher education establishment shall establish the number of other employees (not the administration) of that institution, their duties and functions. Article 31. Procedure for Appointment to the Positions 1. Positions of higher education establishment teachers and research workers shall be occupied by way of open competition for a period not longer than five years (term of office). 2. Two months before the termination of the term of office of a higher education establishment teacher or research worker, an open competition shall be announced for holding such position. The person who holds that position may also take part in such competition. 3. If a professor wins a competition for the third term of his office, he shall acquire the right to hold to hold this position in that higher education establishment without any competition until he reaches the age of 65 years. 4. By the decision of the senate (academic council), an extraordinary performance evaluation of a higher education establishment teacher or research worker may be carried out. The higher education establishment teacher or research worker who receives a negative performance evaluation, shall be dismissed in accordance with the procedure established by law. 5. Higher education establishment teachers and research workers over 65 years of age may work in a higher education establishment if the senate (academic council) consents that a fixed-term employment contract for the period not longer than three years is concluded with them. By the decision of the senate (academic council) such contract may be concluded repeatedly …