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22003A0717(01)

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Ce protocole vise à contrôler et réduire les émissions de certains polluants atmosphériques causés par les activités humaines, qui ont des effets néfastes sur la santé humaine et l'environnement. Il s'agit d'une mise à jour de la Convention de 1979 sur la pollution atmosphérique transfrontière à longue distance.

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22003A0717(01) 22003A0717(01) Protocol to the 1979 Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution to abate acidification, eutrophication and ground-level ozone Official Journal L 179 , 17/07/200

Article 1

) of acidity for ecosystems are determined in accordance with the Convention's Manual on methodologies and criteria for mapping critical levels/loads and geographical areas where they are exceeded. They are the maximum amount of acidifying deposition an ecosystem can tolerate in the long term without being damaged. Critical loads of acidity in terms of nitrogen take account of nitrogen removal processes within an ecosystem (e.g. uptake by plants). Critical loads of acidity in terms of sulphur do not. A combined sulphur and nitrogen critical load of acidity considers nitrogen only when the nitrogen deposition is greater than the ecosystem nitrogen-removal processes. All critical loads reported by Parties are summarised for use in the integrated assessment modelling employed to provide guidance for setting the emission ceilings in Annex II. B. For Parties in North America 2. For eastern Canada, critical sulphur plus nitrogen loads for forested ecosystems have been determined with scientific methodologies and criteria (1997 Canadian Acid Rain Assessment) similar to those in the Convention's Manual on methodologies and criteria for mapping critical levels/loads and geographical areas where they are exceeded. Eastern Canada critical-load values (

Article 1) of acidity are for sulphate in precipitation expressed in kg/ha/year.

Alberta in western Canada, where deposition levels are currently below the environmental limits, has adopted the generic critical-load classification systems used for soils in Europe for potential acidity. Potential acidity is defined by subtracting the total (both wet and dry) deposition of base cations from that of sulphur and nitrogen. In addition to critical loads for potential acidity, Alberta has established target and monitoring loads for managing acidifying emissions.

  1. For the United States of America, the effects of acidification are evaluated through an assessment of the sensitivity of ecosystems, the total loading within ecosystems of acidifying compounds and the uncertainty associated with nitrogen-removal processes within ecosystems.
  2. These loads and effects are used in integrated assessment modelling and provide guidance for setting the emission ceilings and/or reductions for Canada and the United States of America in Annex II. II. CRITICAL LOADS OF NUTRIENT NITROGEN For Parties within the geographical scope of EMEP
  3. Critical loads (

Article 1

) of nutrient nitrogen (eutrophication) for ecosystems are determined in accordance with the Convention's Manual on methodologies and criteria for mapping critical levels/loads and geographical areas where they are exceeded. They are the maximum amount of eutrophying nitrogen deposition an ecosystem can tolerate in the long term without being damaged. All critical loads reported by Parties are summarised for use in the integrated assessment modelling employed to provide guidance for setting the emission ceilings in Annex II. III. CRITICAL LEVELS OF OZONE A. For Parties within the geographical scope of EMEP 6. Critical levels (

Article 1

) of ozone are determined to protect plants in accordance with the Convention's Manual on methodologies and criteria for mapping critical levels/loads and geographical areas where they are exceeded. They are expressed as a cumulative exposure over a threshold ozone concentration of 40 ppb (parts per billion by volume). This exposure index is referred to as AOT40 (accumulated exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb). The AOT40 is calculated as the sum of the differences between the hourly concentration (in ppb) and 40 ppb for each hour when the concentration exceeds 40 ppb.

  1. The long-term critical level of ozone for crops of an AOT40 of 3000 ppb.hours for May to July (used as a typical growing season) and for daylight hours was used to define areas at risk where the critical level is exceeded. A specific reduction of exceedances was targeted in the integrated assessment modelling undertaken for the present Protocol to provide guidance for setting the emission ceilings in Annex II. The long-term critical level of ozone for crops is considered also to protect other plants such as trees and natural vegetation. Further scientific work is under way to develop a more differentiated interpretation of exceedances of critical levels of ozone for vegetation.
  2. A critical level of ozone for human health is represented by the WHO Air Quality Guideline level for ozone of 120 >ISO_7>ü>ISO_1>g/m3 as an eight-hour average. In collaboration with the World Health Organisation's Regional Office for Europe (WHO/EURO), a critical level expressed as an AOT60 (accumulated exposure over a threshold of 60 ppb), i.e. 120 >ISO_7>ü>ISO_1>g/m3, calculated over one year, was adopted as a surrogate for the WHO Air Quality Guideline for the purpose of integrated assessment modelling. This was used to define areas at risk where the critical level is exceeded. A specific reduction of these exceedances was targeted in the integrated assessment modelling undertaken for the present Protocol to provide guidance for setting the emission ceilings in Annex II. B. For Parties in North America
  3. For Canada, critical levels of ozone are determined to protect human health and the environment and are used to establish a Canada-wide Standard for ozone. The emission ceilings in Annex II are defined according to the ambition level required to achieve the Canada-wide Standard for ozone.
  4. For the United States of America, critical levels of ozone are determined to protect public health with an adequate margin of safety, to protect public welfare from any known or expected adverse effects, and are used to establish a National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Integrated assessment modelling and the Air Quality Standard are used in providing guidance for setting the emission ceilings and/or reductions for the United States of America in Annex II. ANNEX II EMISSION CEILINGS The emission ceilings listed in the tables below relate to the provisions of Article 3

(1)and
(10), of the present Protocol. The 1980 and 1990 emission levels and the percentage emission reductions listed are given for information purposes only. Table
  1. Emission ceilings for sulphur (thousands of tonnes of SO2 per year) >TABLE POSITION> Table
  2. Emission ceilings for nitrogen oxides (thousands of tonnes of NO2 per year) >TABLE POSITION> Table
  3. Emission ceilings for ammonia (thousands of tonnes of NH3 per year) >TABLE POSITION> Table
  4. Emission ceilings for volatile organic compounds (thousands of tonnes of VOC per year) >TABLE POSITION> ANNEX III DESIGNATED POLLUTANT EMISSIONS MANAGEMENT AREA (PEMA) The following PEMA is listed for the purpose of the present Protocol: Russian Federation PEMA This is the area of Murmansk oblast, the Republic of Karelia, Leningrad oblast (including St. Petersburg), Pskov oblast, Novgorod oblast and Kaliningrad oblast. The boundary of the PEMA coincides with the State and administrative boundaries of these constituent entities of the Russian Federation. ANNEX IV LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS OF SULPHUR FROM STATIONARY SOURCES
  5. Section A applies to Parties other than Canada and the United States of America, section B applies to Canada and section C applies to the United States of America. A. Parties other than Canada and the United States of America
  6. For the purpose of section A, except Table 2 and paragraphs
(11)and
(12), limit value means the quantity of a gaseous substance contained in the waste gases from an installation that is not to be exceeded. Unless otherwise specified, it shall be calculated in terms of mass of pollutant per volume of the waste gases (expressed as mg/m3), assuming standard conditions for temperature and pressure for dry gas (volume at 273,15 K, 101,3 kPa). With regard to the oxygen content of the exhaust gas, the values given in the tables below for each source category shall apply. Dilution for the purpose of lowering concentrations of pollutants in waste gases is not permitted. Start-up, shutdown and maintenance of equipment are excluded. 3. Emissions shall be monitored in all cases
(1). Compliance with limit values shall be verified. The methods of verification can include continuous or discontinuous measurements, type approval, or any other technically sound method. 4. Sampling and analysis of pollutants, as well as reference measurement methods to calibrate any measurement system, shall be carried out in accordance with the standards laid down by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) or by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). While awaiting the development of CEN or ISO standards, national standards shall apply. 5. Measurements of emissions should be carried out continuously when emissions of SO2 exceed 75 kg/h. 6. In the case of continuous measurement for new plants, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if the calculated daily mean values do not exceed the limit value and if no hourly value exceeds the limit value by 100 %. 7. In the case of continuous measurements for existing plants, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if (
  1. a)none of the monthly mean values exceeds the limit values; and (
  2. b)97 % of all the 48-hour mean values do not exceed 110 % of the limit values. 8. In the case of discontinuous measurements, as a minimum requirement, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if the mean value based on an appropriate number of measurements under representative conditions does not exceed the value of the emission standard. 9. Boilers and process heaters with a rated thermal input exceeding 50 Mwth: Table 1. Limit values for SOx emissions released from boilers((In particular, the limit values shall not apply to: - plants in which the products of combustion are used for direct heating, drying, or any other treatment of objects or materials, e.g. reheating furnaces, furnaces for heat treatment, - post-combustion plants, i.e. any technical apparatus designed to purify the waste gases by combustion that is not operated as an independent combustion plant, - facilities for the regeneration of catalytic cracking catalysts; , - facilities for the conversion of hydrogen sulphide into sulphur, - reactors used in the chemical industry, - coke battery furnaces, - cowpers, - waste incinerators, - plants powered by diesel, petrol or gas engines or by combustion turbines, irrespective of the fuel used.)) >TABLE POSITION> 10. Gas oil: Table 2. Limit values for the sulphur content of gas oil(("Gas oil" means any petroleum product within HS 2710, or any petroleum product which, by reason of its distillation limits, falls within the category of middle distillates intended for use as fuel and of which at least 85 % by volume, including distillation losses, distils at 350 °C. Fuels used in on-road and non-road vehicles and agricultural tractors are excluded from this definition. Gas oil intended for marine use is included in the definition if it meets the description above or it has a viscosity or density falling within the ranges of viscosity or density defined for marine distillates in Table I of ISO 8217
(1996).)) >TABLE POSITION> 11. Claus plant: for a plant that produces more than 50 Mg of sulphur a day: (
  1. a)sulphur recovery 99,5 % for new plant; (
  2. b)sulphur recovery 97 % for existing plant. 12. Titanium dioxide production: in new and existing installations, discharges arising from digestion and calcination steps in the manufacture of titanium dioxide shall be reduced to a value of not more than 10 kg of SO2-equivalent per Mg of titanium dioxide produced. B. Canada 13. Limit values for controlling emissions of sulphur dioxide from new stationary sources in the following stationary source category will be determined on the basis of available information on control technology and levels including limit values applied in other countries and the following document: Canada Gazette, Part I. Department of the Environment. Thermal Power Generation Emissions - National Guidelines for New Stationary Sources. May 15, 1993, pp. 1633-1638. C. United States of America 14. Limit values for controlling emissions of sulphur dioxide from new stationary sources in the following stationarysource categories are specified in the following documents:
(1)Electric Utility Steam Generating Units - 40 Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Part 60, Subpart D, and Subpart Da;
(2)Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Db, and Subpart Dc;
(3)Sulphuric Acid Plants - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart H;
(4)Petroleum Refineries - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart J;
(5)Primary Copper Smelters - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart P;
(6)Primary Zinc Smelters - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Q;
(7)Primary Lead Smelters - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart R;
(8)Stationary Gas Turbines - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart GG;
(9)Onshore Natural Gas Processing - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart LLL;
(10)Municipal Waste Combustors - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Ea, and Subpart Eb;
(11)Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Ec.
(1)Monitoring is to be understood as an overall activity, comprising measuring of emissions, mass balancing, etc. It can be carried out continuously or discontinuously. ANNEX V LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES FROM STATIONARY SOURCES
  1. Section A applies to Parties other than Canada and the United States of America, section B applies to Canada and section C applies to the United States of America. A. Parties other than Canada and the United States of America
  2. For the purpose of section A, limit value means the quantity of a gaseous substance contained in the waste gases from an installation that is not to be exceeded. Unless otherwise specified, it shall be calculated in terms of mass of pollutant per volume of the waste gases (expressed as mg/m3), assuming standard conditions for temperature and pressure for dry gas (volume at 273,15 K, 101,3 kPa). With regard to the oxygen content of exhaust gas, the values given in the tables below for each source category shall apply. Dilution for the purpose of lowering concentrations of pollutants in waste gases is not permitted. Limit values generally address NO together with NO2, commonly named NOx, expressed as NO
  3. Start-up, shutdown and maintenance of equipment are excluded.
  4. Emissions shall be monitored in all cases
(1). Compliance with limit values shall be verified. The methods of verification can include continuous or discontinuous measurements, type approval, or any other technically sound method. 4. Sampling and analysis of pollutants, as well as reference measurement methods to calibrate any measurement system, shall be carried out in accordance with the standards laid down by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) or by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). While awaiting the development of CEN or ISO standards, national standards shall apply. 5. Measurements of emissions should be carried out continuously when emissions of NOx exceed 75 kg/h. 6. In the case of continuous measurements, except for existing combustion plant covered in Table 1, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if the calculated daily mean values do not exceed the limit value and if no hourly value exceeds the limit value by 100 %. 7. In the case of continuous measurements for existing combustion plants covered in Table 1, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if (
  1. a)none of the monthly mean values exceeds the emission limit values; and (
  2. b)95 % of all the 48-hour mean values do not exceed 110 % of the emission limit values. 8. In the case of discontinuous measurements, as a minimum requirement, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if the mean value based on an appropriate number of measurements under representative conditions does not exceed the value of the emission standard. 9. Boilers and process heaters with a rated thermal input exceeding 50 MWth: Table 1. Limit values for NOx emissions released from boilers((In particular, the limit values shall not apply to: - plants in which the products of combustion are used for direct heating, drying, or any other treatment of objects or materials, e.g. reheating furnaces, furnaces for heat treatment, - post-combustion plants, i.e. any technical apparatus designed to purify the waste gases by combustion that is not operated as an independent combustion plant, - facilities for the regeneration of catalytic cracking catalysts, - facilities for the conversion of hydrogen sulphide into sulphur, - reactors used in the chemical industry, - coke battery furnaces, - cowpers, - waste incinerators, - plants powered by diesel, petrol or gas engines or by combustion turbines, irrespective of the fuel used.)) >TABLE POSITION> 10. Onshore combustion turbines with a rated thermal input exceeding 50 MWth: the NOx limit values expressed in mg/Nm3 (with an O2 content of 15 %) are to be applied to a single turbine. The limit values in Table 2 apply only above 70 % load. Table 2. Limit values for NOx emissions released from onshore combustion turbines >TABLE POSITION> 11. Cement production: Table 3. Limit values for NOx emissions released from cement production((Installations for the production of cement clinker in rotary kilns with a capacity > 500 mg/day or in other furnaces with a capacity > 50 Mg/day.)) >TABLE POSITION> 12. Stationary engines: Table 4. Limit values for NOx emissions released from new stationary engines >TABLE POSITION> 13. Production and processing of metals: Table 5. Limit values for NOx emissions released from primary iron and steel production((Production and processing of metals: metal ore roasting or sintering installations, installations for the production of pig iron or steel (primary or secondary fusion) including continuous casting with a capacity exceeding 2,5 Mg/hour, installations for the processing of ferrous metals (hot rolling mills > 20 Mg/hour of crude steel).)) >TABLE POSITION> 14. Nitric acid production: Table 6. Limit values for NOx emissions released from nitric acid production excluding acid concentration units >TABLE POSITION> B. Canada 15. Limit values for controlling emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from new stationary sources in the following stationary source categories will be determined on the basis of available information on control technology and levels including limit values applied in other countries and the following documents: (
  3. a)Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). National Emission Guidelines for Stationary Combustion Turbines. December 1992. PN1072; (
  4. b)Canada Gazette, Part I. Department of the Environment. Thermal Power Generation Emissions - National Guidelines for New Stationary Sources. May 15, 1993, pp. 1633-1638; (
  5. c)CCME. National Emission Guidelines for Cement Kilns. March 1998. PN1284. C. United States of America 16. Limit values for controlling emissions of NOx from new stationary sources in the followingstationary source categories are specified in the following documents: (
  6. a)Coal-fired Utility Units - 40 Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Part 76; (
  7. b)Electric Utility Steam Generating Units - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart D, and Subpart Da; (
  8. c)Industrial-Commercial-Institutional Steam Generating Units - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Db; (
  9. d)Nitric Acid Plants - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart G; (
  10. e)Stationary Gas Turbines - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart GG; (
  11. f)Municipal Waste Combustors - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Ea, and Subpart Eb; (
  12. g)Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Ec.
(1)Monitoring is to be understood as an overall activity, comprising measuring of emissions, mass balancing, etc. It can be carried out continuously or discontinuously. ANNEX VI LIMIT VALUES FOR EMISSIONS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM STATIONARY SOURCES
  1. Section A applies to Parties other than Canada and the United States of America, section B applies to Canada and section C applies to the United States of America. A. Parties other than Canada and the United States of America
  2. This section of the present Annex covers the stationary sources of non-methane volatile organic compound (NMVOC) emissions listed in paragraphs
(8)to
(21)below. Installations or parts of installations for research, development and testing of new products and processes are not covered. Threshold values are given in the sector-specific tables below. They generally refer to solvent consumption or emission mass flow. Where one operator carries out several activities falling under the same subheading at the same installation on the same site, the solvent consumption or emission mass flow of such activities are added together. If no threshold value is indicated, the given limit value applies to all the installations concerned. 3. For the purpose of section A of the present Annex: (
  1. a)"storage and distribution of petrol" means the loading of trucks, railway wagons, barges and seagoing ships at depots and mineral oil refinery dispatch stations, excluding vehicle refuelling at service stations covered by relevant documents on mobile sources; (
  2. b)"adhesive coating" means any process in which an adhesive is applied to a surface, with the exception of adhesive coating and laminating associated with printing processes and wood and plastic lamination; (
  3. c)"wood and plastic lamination" means any process to adhere together wood and/or plastic to produce laminated products; (
  4. d)"coating processes" means the application of metal and plastic surfaces to: passenger cars, truck cabins, trucks, buses or wooden surfaces and covers any process in which a single or multiple application of a continuous film of coating is laid onto: (
  5. i)new vehicles (see below) defined as vehicles of category M1 and of category N1 insofar as they are coated at the same installation as M1 vehicles; (
  6. ii)truck cabins, defined as the housing for the driver, and all integrated housing for the technical equipment of category N2 and N3 vehicles; (iii) vans and trucks defined as category N1, N2 and N3 vehicles, but excluding truck cabins; (
  7. iv)buses defined as category M2 and M3 vehicles; (
  8. v)other metallic and plastic surfaces including those of aeroplanes, ships, trains, etc., wooden surfaces, textile, fabric, film and paper surfaces. This source category does not include the coating of substrates with metals by electrophoretic or chemical spraying techniques. If the coating process includes a step in which the same article is printed, that printing step is considered part of the coating process. However, printing processes operated as a separate activity are not included. In this definition: - M1 vehicles are those used for the carriage of passengers and comprising not more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, - M2 vehicles are those used for the carriage of passengers and comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum mass not exceeding 5 Mg, - M3 vehicles are those used for the carriage of passengers and comprising more than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum mass exceeding 5 Mg, - N1 vehicles are those used for the carriage of goods and having a maximum mass not exceeding 3,5 Mg, - N2 vehicles are those used for the carriage of goods and having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 Mg but not exceeding 12 Mg, - N3 vehicles are those used for the carriage of goods and having a maximum mass exceeding 12 Mg. (
  9. e)"coil coating" means any processes where coiled steel, stainless steel, coated steel, copper alloys or aluminium strip is coated with either a film-forming or laminate coating in a continuous process; (
  10. f)"dry cleaning" means any industrial or commercial process using VOCs in an installation to clean garments, furnishings and similar consumer goods with the exception of the manual removal of stains and spots in the textile and clothing industry; (
  11. g)"manufacturing of coatings, varnishes, inks and adhesives" means the manufacture of coating preparations, varnishes, inks and adhesives, and of intermediates as far as they are produced in the same installation by mixing pigments, resins and adhesive materials with organic solvents or other carriers. This category also includes dispersion, predispersion, realization of a certain viscosity or colour and packing the final products in containers; (
  12. h)"printing" means any process of reproduction of text and/or images in which, with the use of an image carrier, ink is transferred onto a surface and applies to the following subprocesses: (
  13. i)flexography: a printing process using an image carrier of rubber or elastic photopolymers on which the printing inks are above the non-printing areas, using liquid inks that dry through evaporation; (
  14. ii)heat set web offset: a web-fed printing process using an image carrier in which the printing and non-printing areas are in the same plane, where web-fed means that the material to be printed is fed to the machine from a reel as distinct from separate sheets. The non-printing area is treated to attract water and thus reject ink. The printing area is treated to receive and transmit ink to the surface to be printed. Evaporation takes place in an oven where hot air is used to heat the printed material; (iii) publication rotogravure: rotogravure used for printing paper for magazines, brochures, catalogues or similar products, using toluene-based inks; (
  15. iv)rotogravure: a printing process using a cylindrical image carrier in which the printing area is below the non-printing area, using liquid inks that dry through evaporation. The recesses are filled with ink and the surplus is cleaned off the non-printing area before the surface to be printed contacts the cylinder and lifts the ink from the recesses; (
  16. v)rotary screen printing: a web-fed printing process in which the ink is passed onto the surface to be printed by forcing it through a porous image carrier, in which the printing area is open and the non-printing area is sealed off, using liquid inks that dry only through evaporation. Web-fed means that the material to be printed is fed to the machine from a reel as distinct from separate sheets; (
  17. vi)laminating associated to a printing process: the adhering of two or more flexible materials to produce laminates; (vii) varnishing: a process by which a varnish or an adhesive coating is applied to a flexible material for the purpose of later sealing the packaging material; (
  18. i)"manufacturing of pharmaceutical products" means chemical synthesis, fermentation, extraction, formulation and finishing of pharmaceutical products and, where carried out at the same site, the manufacture of intermediate products; (
  19. j)"conversion of natural or synthetic rubber" means any process of mixing, crushing, blending, calendering, extruding and vulcanisation of natural or synthetic rubber and additionally processes for the processing of natural or synthetic rubber to derive an end product; (
  20. k)"surface cleaning" means any process except dry cleaning using organic solvents to remove contamination from the surface of material, including degreasing; a cleaning process consisting of more than one step before or after any other processing step is considered as one surface-cleaning process. The process refers to the cleaning of the surface of products and not to the cleaning of process equipment; (
  21. l)"extraction of vegetable oil and animal fat and refining of vegetable oil" means the extraction of vegetable oil from seeds and other vegetable matter, the processing of dry residues to produce animal feed, and the purification of fats and vegetable oils derived from seeds, vegetable matter and/or animal matter; (
  22. m)"vehicle refinishing" means any industrial or commercial coating activity and associated degreasing activities performing: (
  23. i)the coating of road vehicles, or part of them, carried out as part of vehicle repair, conservation or decoration outside manufacturing installations, or (
  24. ii)the original coating of road vehicles, or part of them, with refinishing-type materials, where this is carried out away from the original manufacturing line, or (iii) the coating of trailers (including semi-trailers); (
  25. n)"impregnation of wooden surfaces" means any process impregnating timber with preservative; (
  26. o)"standard conditions" means a temperature of 273,15 K and a pressure of 101,3 kPa; (
  27. p)"NMVOCs" comprise all organic compounds except methane which at 273,15 K show a vapour pressure of at least 0,01 kPa or which show a comparable volatility under the given application conditions; (
  28. q)"waste gas" means the final gaseous discharge containing NMVOCs or other pollutants from a stack or from emission abatement equipment into air. The volumetric flow rates shall be expressed in m3/h at standard conditions; (
  29. r)"fugitive emission of NMVOCs" means any emission, not in waste gases, of NMVOC into air, soil and water as well as, unless otherwise stated, solvents contained in any product, and includes uncaptured emissions of NMVOCs released to the outside environment via windows, doors, vents and similar openings. Fugitive limit values are calculated on the basis of a solvent management plan (see Appendix I to the present Annex); (
  30. s)"total emission of NMVOCs" means the sum of fugitive emission of NMVOCs and emission of NMVOCs in waste gases; (
  31. t)"input" means the quantity of organic solvents and their quantity in preparations used when carrying out a process, including the solvents recycled inside and outside the installation, and which are counted every time they are used to carry out the activity; (
  32. u)"limit value" means the maximum quantity of a gaseous substance contained in the waste gases from an installation which is not to be exceeded during normal operation. Unless otherwise specified, it shall be calculated in terms of mass of pollutant per volume of the waste gases (expressed as mg C/Nm3 unless specified otherwise), assuming standard conditions for temperature and pressure for dry gas. For solvent-using installations, limit values are given as mass unit per characteristic unit of the respective activity. Gas volumes that are added to the waste gas for cooling or dilution purposes shall not be considered when determining the mass concentration of the pollutant in the waste gas. Limit values generally address all volatile organic compounds except methane (no further distinction is made, e.g. in terms of reactivity or toxicity); (
  33. v)"normal operation" means all periods of operation except start-up and shutdown operations and maintenance of equipment; (
  34. w)"substances harmful to human health" are subdivided into two categories: (
  35. i)halogenated VOCs that have the possible risk of irreversible effects; or (
  36. ii)hazardous substances that are carcinogens, mutagens or toxic to reproduction or that may cause cancer, may cause heritable genetic damage, may cause cancer by inhalation, may impair fertility or may cause harm to the unborn child. 4. The following requirements shall be satisfied: (
  37. a)emissions of NMVOCs shall be monitored
(1)and compliance with limit values shall be verified. The methods of verification may include continuous or discontinuous measurements, type approval or any other technically sound method; furthermore, they shall be economically viable; (
  1. b)the concentrations of air pollutants in gas-carrying ducts shall be measured in a representative way. Sampling and analysis of all pollutants, as well as reference measurement methods to calibrate any measurement system, shall be carried out according to the standards laid down by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) or by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). While awaiting the development of CEN or ISO standards, national standards shall apply; (
  2. c)if measurements of emissions of NMVOCs are required, they should be carried out continuously if emissions of NMVOCs exceed 10 kg of total organic carbon (TOC)/h in the exhaust duct downstream from an emission reduction installation and the hours of operation exceed 200 hours a year. For all other installations, discontinuous measurement is required as a minimum. For the approval of compliance, own approaches may be used provided that they result in equal stringency; (
  3. d)in the case of continuous measurements, as a minimum requirement, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if the daily mean does not exceed the limit value during normal operation and no hourly average exceeds the limit values by 150 %. For the approval of compliance, own approaches may be used provided that they result in equal stringency; (
  4. e)in the case of discontinuous measurements, as a minimum requirement, compliance with the emission standards is achieved if the mean value of all readings does not exceed the limit value and no hourly mean exceeds the limit value by 150 %. For the approval of compliance, own approaches may be used provided that they result in equal stringency; (
  5. f)all appropriate precautions shall be taken to minimize emissions of NMVOCs during start-up and shutdown, and in case of deviations from normal operation; (
  6. g)measurements are not required if end-of-pipe abatement equipment is not needed to comply with the limit values below and it can be shown that limit values are not exceeded. 5. The following limit values should be applied for waste gases, unless stated otherwise below: (
  7. a)20 mg substance/m3 for discharges of halogenated volatile organic compounds (which are assigned the risk phrase "possible risk of irreversible effects"), where the mass flow of the sum of the considered compounds is greater than or equal to 100 g/h; (
  8. b)2 mg/m3 (expressed as the mass sum of individual compounds) for discharges of volatile organic compounds (which are assigned the following risk phrases: may cause cancer, heritable genetic damage, cancer by inhalation or harm to the unborn child; may impair fertility), where the mass flow of the sum of the considered compounds is greater than or equal to 10 g/h. 6. For the source categories listed in paragraphs
(9)to
(21)below, the following revisions are relevant: (
  1. a)instead of applying the limit values for installations set out below, the operators of the respective installations may be allowed to use a reduction scheme (see Appendix II to the present Annex). The purpose of a reduction scheme is to give the operator the possibility to achieve by other means emission reductions equivalent to those achieved if given limit values were to be applied; (
  2. b)for fugitive emissions of NMVOCs, the fugitive emission values set out below shall be applied as a limit value. However, where it is demonstrated to the satisfaction of the competent authority that for an individual installation this value is not technically and economically feasible, the competent authority may exempt that installation provided that significant risks to human health or the environment are not expected. For each derogation, the operator must demonstrate to the satisfaction of the competent authority that the best available technique is used. 7. The limit values for VOC emissions for the source categories defined in paragraph
(3)shall be as specified in paragraphs
(8)to
(21)below. 8. Storage and distribution of petrol: Table 1. Limit values for VOC emissions released from the storage and distribution of petrol, excluding the loading of seagoing ships >TABLE POSITION> Note: The vapour displaced by the filling of petrol storage tanks shall be displaced either into other storage tanks or into abatement equipment meeting the limit values in the table above. 9. Adhesive coating: Table 2. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from adhesive coating >TABLE POSITION> 10. Wood and plastic lamination: Table 3. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from wood and plastic lamination >TABLE POSITION> 11. Coating processes (metal and plastic surfaces in passenger cars, truck cabins, trucks, buses, wooden surfaces): Table 4. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from coating processes in the car industry >TABLE POSITION> Table 5. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from coating processes in various industrial sectors >TABLE POSITION> 12. Coil coating: Table 6. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from coil coating >TABLE POSITION> 13. Dry cleaning: Table 7. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from dry cleaning >TABLE POSITION> 14. Manufacturing of coatings, varnishes, inks and adhesives: Table 8. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from manufacturing of coatings, varnishes, inks and adhesives >TABLE POSITION> 15. Printing (flexography, heat set web offset, publication rotogravure etc.): Table 9. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from printing processes >TABLE POSITION> 16. Manufacturing of pharmaceutical products: Table 10. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from manufacturing of pharmaceutical products >TABLE POSITION> 17. Conversion of natural or synthetic rubber: Table 11. Limit values for NMVOC emission released from conversion of natural or synthetic rubber >TABLE POSITION> 18. Surface cleaning: Table 12. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from surface cleaning >TABLE POSITION> 19. Vegetable oil and animal fat extraction and vegetable oil refining processes: Table 13. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from extraction of vegetable and animal fat and refining of vegetable oil >TABLE POSITION> 20. Vehicle refinishing: Table 14. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from vehicle refinishing >TABLE POSITION> 21. Impregnation of wooden surfaces: Table 15. Limit values for NMVOC emissions released from impregnation of wooden surfaces >TABLE POSITION> B. Canada 22. Limit values for controlling emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from new stationary sources in the following stationary source categories will be determined on the basis of available information on control technology and levels, including limit values applied in other countries, and the following documents: (
  1. a)Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). Environmental Code of Practice for the Reduction of Solvent Emissions from Dry Cleaning Facilities. December 1992. PN1053; (
  2. b)CCME. Environmental Guideline for the Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Process Emissions from New Organic Chemical Operations. September 1993. PN1108; (
  3. c)CCME. Environmental Code of Practice for the Measurement and Control of Fugitive VOC Emissions from Equipment Leaks. October 1993. PN1106; (
  4. d)CCME. A Program to Reduce Volatile Organic Compound Emissions by 40 Percent from Adhesives and Sealants. March 1994. PN1116; (
  5. e)CCME. A Plan to Reduce Volatile Organic Compound Emissions by 20 Percent from Consumer Surface Coatings. March 1994. PN1114; (
  6. f)CCME. Environmental Guidelines for Controlling Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from Aboveground Storage Tanks. June 1995. PN1180; (
  7. g)CCME. Environmental Code of Practice for Vapour Recovery during Vehicle Refueling at Service Stations and Other Gasoline Dispersing Facilities. (Stage II) April 1995. PN1184; (
  8. h)CCME. Environmental Code of Practice for the Reduction of Solvent Emissions from Commercial and Industrial Degreasing Facilities. June 1995. PN1182; (
  9. i)CCME. New Source Performance Standards and Guidelines for the Reduction of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Canadian Automotive Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) Coating Facilities. August 1995. PN1234; (
  10. j)CCME. Environmental Guideline for the Reduction of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from the Plastics Processing Industry. July 1997. PN1276; and (
  11. k)CCME. National Standards for the Volatile Organic Compound Content of Canadian Commercial/Industrial Surface Coating Products - Automotive Refinishing. August 1997. PN1288. C. United States of America23. Limit values for controlling emissions of VOCs from new stationary sources in the following stationary source categories are specified in the following documents: (
  12. a)Storage Vessels for Petroleum Liquids - 40 Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Part 60, Subpart K, and Subpart Ka; (
  13. b)Storage Vessels for Volatile Organic Liquids - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart Kb; (
  14. c)Petroleum Refineries - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart J; (
  15. d)Surface Coating of Metal Furniture - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart EE; (
  16. e)Surface Coating for Automobile and Light Duty Trucks - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart MM; (
  17. f)Publication Rotogravure Printing - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart QQ; (
  18. g)Pressure Sensitive Tape and Label Surface Coating Operations - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart RR; (
  19. h)Large Appliance, Metal Coil and Beverage Can Surface Coating - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart SS, Subpart TT and Subpart WW; (
  20. i)Bulk Gasoline Terminals - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart XX; (
  21. j)Rubber Tire Manufacturing - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart BBB; (
  22. k)Polymer Manufacturing - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart DDD; (
  23. l)Flexible Vinyl and Urethane Coating and Printing - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart FFF; (
  24. m)Petroleum Refinery Equipment Leaks and Wastewater Systems - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart GGG and Subpart QQQ; (
  25. n)Synthetic Fiber Production - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart HHH; (
  26. o)Petroleum Dry Cleaners - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart JJJ; (
  27. p)Onshore Natural Gas Processing Plants - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart KKK; (
  28. q)SOCMI Equipment Leaks, Air Oxidation Units, Distillation Operations and Reactor Processes - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart VV, Subpart III, Subpart NNN and Subpart RRR; (
  29. r)Magnetic Tape Coating - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart SSS; (
  30. s)Industrial Surface Coatings - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart TTT; and (
  31. t)Polymeric Coatings of Supporting Substrates Facilities - 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Subpart VVV.
(1)Monitoring is to be understood as an overall activity, comprising measuring of emissions, mass balancing, etc. It can be carried out continuously or discontinuously. Appendix I SOLVENT MANAGEMENT PLAN Introduction 1. This Appendix to the Annex on limit values for emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) from stationary sources provides guidance on carrying out a solvent management plan. It identifies the principles to be applied (paragraph
(2)), provides a framework for the mass balance (paragraph
(3)) and provides an indication of the requirements for verification of compliance (paragraph
(4)). Principles 2. The solvent management plan serves the following purposes: (
  1. a)verification of compliance, as specified in the Annex; (
  2. b)identification of future reduction options. Definitions 3. The following definitions provide a framework for the mass balance exercise: (
  3. a)Inputs of organic solvents: I1. The quantity of organic solvents or their quantity in preparations purchased that are used as input into the process in the time-frame over which the mass balance is being calculated. I2. The quantity of organic solvents or their quantity in preparations recovered and reused as solvent input into the process. (The recycled solvent is counted every time it is used to carry out the activity.) (
  4. b)Outputs of organic solvents: O1. Emission of NMVOCs in waste gases. O2. Organic solvents lost in water, if appropriate taking into account waste-water treatment when calculating O5. O3. The quantity of organic solvents that remains as contamination or residue in output of products from the process. O4. Uncaptured emissions of organic solvents to air. This includes the general ventilation of rooms, where air is released to the outside environment via windows, doors, vents and similar openings. O5. Organic solvents and/or organic compounds lost due to chemical or physical reactions (including, for example, those that are destroyed, e.g. by incineration or other waste-gas or waste-water treatments, or captured, e.g. by adsorption, as long as they are not counted under O6, O7 or O8). O6. Organic solvents contained in collected waste. O7. Organic solvents, or organic solvents contained in preparations, that are sold or are intended to be sold as a commercially valuable product. O8. Organic solvents contained in preparations recovered for reuse but not as input into the process, as long as they are not counted under O7. O9. Organic solvents released in other ways. Guidance on use of the solvent management plan for verification of compliance 4. The use of the solvent management plan will be determined by the particular requirement which is to be verified, as follows: (
  5. a)Verification of compliance with the reduction option mentioned in paragraph
(6)(
  1. a)of the Annex, with a total limit value expressed in solvent emissions per unit product, or as otherwise stated in the Annex. (
  2. i)For all activities using the reduction option mentioned in paragraph
(6)(
  1. a)of the Annex, the solvent management plan should be put into effect annually to determine consumption. Consumption can be calculated by means of the following equation: >REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC> A parallel exercise should also be undertaken to determine solids used in coating in order to derive the annual reference emission and the target emission each year; (
  2. ii)for assessing compliance with a total limit value expressed in solvent emissions per unit product or as otherwise stated in the Annex, the solvent management plan should be put into effect annually to determine emission of NMVOCs. Emission of NMVOCs can be calculated by means of the following equation: >REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC> Where F is the fugitive emission of NMVOC

subparagraph (b)(

  1. i)below. The emission figure should be divided by the relevant product parameter; (
  2. b)Determination of fugitive emission of NMVOCs for comparison with fugitive emission values in the Annex: (
  3. i)Methodology: The fugitive emission of NMVOC can be calculated by means of the following equation: >REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC> or >REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC> This quantity can be determined by direct measurement of the quantities. Alternatively, an equivalent calculation can be made by other means, for instance by using the capture efficiency of the process. The fugitive emission value is expressed as a proportion of the input, which can be calculated by means of the following equation: >REFERENCE TO A GRAPHIC> (
  4. ii)Frequency: Fugitive emission of NMVOCs can be determined by a short but comprehensive set of measurements. This need not to be done again until the equipment is modified. Appendix II REDUCTION SCHEME Principles 1. The purpose of the reduction scheme is to allow the operator the possibility to achieve by other means emission reductions equivalent to those achieved if the limit values were to be applied. To that end the operator may use any reduction scheme specially designed for his installation, provided that in the end an equivalent emission reduction is achieved. Parties shall report on progress in achieving the same emission reduction, including experience with the application of the reduction scheme. Practice 2. If applying coatings, varnishes, adhesives or inks, the following scheme can be used. Where it is inappropriate, the competent authority may allow an operator to apply any alternative exemption scheme which it is satisfied fulfils the principles outlined here. The design of the scheme takes into account the following facts: (
  5. a)where substitutes containing little or no solvent are still under development, a time extension must be given to the operator to implement his emission reduction plans; (
  6. b)the reference point for emission reductions should correspond as closely as possible to the emissions that would have resulted had no reduction action been taken. 3. The following scheme shall operate for installations for which a constant solid content of product can be assumed and used to define the reference point for emission reductions. (
  7. a)The operator shall forward an emission reduction plan which includes in particular decreases in the average solvent content of the total input and/or increased efficiency in the use of solids to achieve a reduction of the total emissions from the installation to a given percentage of annual reference emissions, termed the target emission. This must be done in the following time frame: >TABLE POSITION> (
  8. b)The annual reference emission is calculated as follows: (
  9. i)the total mass of solids in the quantity of coating and/or ink, varnish or adhesive consumed in a year is determined. Solids are all materials in coatings, inks, varnishes and adhesives that become solid once the water or the volatile organic compounds are evaporated; (
  10. ii)the annual reference emissions are calculated by multiplying the mass determined as in subparagraph (
  11. i)by the appropriate factor listed in the table below. The competent authorities may adjust these factors for individual installations to reflect documented increased efficiency in the use of solids; >TABLE POSITION> (iii) the target emission is equal to the annual reference emission multiplied by a percentage equal to: - (The fugitive emission value + 15), for installations in the following sectors: - vehicle coating (solvent consumption < 15 Mg/year) and vehicle refinishing, - metal, plastic, textile, fabric, film and paper coating (solvent consumption between 5 and 15 Mg/year), - coating of wooden surfaces (solvent consumption between 15 and 25 Mg/year), - (The fugitive emission value + 5) for all other installations; (
  12. iv)compliance is achieved if the actual solvent emission determined from the solvent management plan is less than or equal to the target emission. ANNEX VII TIMESCALES UNDER ARTICLE 3 1. The timescales for the application of the limit values referred to in Article 3

(2)and
(3), shall be: (
  1. a)for new stationary sources, one year after the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for the Party in question; (
  2. b)for existing stationary sources: (
  3. i)in the case of a Party that is not a country with an economy in transition, one year after the date of entry into force of the present Protocol or 31 December 2007, whichever is the later; (
  4. ii)in the case of a Party that is a country with an economy in transition, eight years after the entry into force of the present Protocol. 2. The timescales for the application of the limit values for fuels and new mobile sources referred to in Article 3
(5), and the limit values for gas oil referred to in Annex IV, Table 2, shall be: (
  1. i)in the case of a Party that is not a country with an economy in transition, the date of entry into force of the present Protocol or the dates associated with the measures specified in Annex VIII and with the limit values specified in Annex IV, Table 2, whichever is the later; and (
  2. ii)in the case of a Party that is a country with an economy in transition, five years after the date of entry into force of the present Protocol or five years after the dates associated with the measures specified in Annex VIII and with the limit values in Annex IV, Table 2, whichever is the later. This timescale shall not apply to a Party to the present Protocol to the extent that that Party is subject to a shorter timescale with regard to gas oil under the Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions. 3. For the purpose of the present Annex, "a country with an economy in transition" means a Party that has made with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession a declaration that it wishes to be treated as a country with an economy in transition for the purposes of paragraphs
(1)and/or
(2)of this Annex. ANNEX VIII LIMIT VALUES FOR FUELS AND NEW MOBILE SOURCES INTRODUCTION 1. Section A applies to Parties other than Canada and the United States of America, section B applies to Canada and section C applies to the United States of America. 2. The Annex contains limit values for NOx, expressed as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalents, and for hydrocarbons, most of which are volatile organic compounds, as well as environmental specifications for marketed fuels for vehicles. 3. The timescales for applying the limit values in this Annex are laid down in Annex VII. A. Parties other than Canada and the United States of America Passenger cars and light-duty vehicles 4. Limit values for power-driven vehicles with at least four wheels and used for the carriage of passengers (category M) and goods (category N) are given in Table 1. Heavy-duty vehicles 5. Limit values for engines for heavy-duty vehicles are given in Tables 2 and 3 depending on the applicable test procedures. Motorcycles and mopeds 6. Limit values for motorcycles and mopeds are given in Table 6 and Table 7. Non-road vehicles and machines 7. Limit values for agricultural and forestry tractors and other non-road vehicle/machine engines are listed in Tables 4 and 5. Stage I (Table 4) is based on ECE Regulation 96, "Uniform provisions concerning the approval of compression-ignition (CI) engines to be installed in agricultural and forestry tractors with regard to the emissions of pollutants by the engine". Fuel quality 8. Environmental quality specifications for petrol and diesel are given in Tables 8 to 11. Table 1. Limit values for passenger cars and light-duty vehicles >TABLE POSITION> Table 2. Limit values for heavy-duty vehicles - European steady-state cycle (ESC) and European load-response (ELR) tests >TABLE POSITION> Table 3. Limit values for heavy-duty vehicles - European transient cycle (ETC) test((The conditions for verifying the acceptability of the ETC tests when measuring the emissions of gas-fuelled engines against the limit values applicable in row A shall be re-examined and, where necessary, modified in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive 70/156/EEC.)) >TABLE POSITION> Table 4. Limit values (stage I) for diesel engines for non-road mobile machines (measurement procedure ISO 8178) >TABLE POSITION> Note: These limits are engine-out limits and shall be achieved before any exhaust after-treatment service. Table 5. Limit values (stage II) for diesel engines for non-road mobile machines (measurement procedure ISO 8178) >TABLE POSITION> Table 6. Limit values for motorcycles and three- and four-wheelers ( > 50 cm3; > 45 km/
  1. h)to be applied from 17 June 1999((Type approval shall be refused as from the given date if the vehicle's emissions do not meet the limit values.)) >TABLE POSITION> Note: For three- and four-wheelers, the limit values have to be multiplied by 1,5. Table 7. Limit values for mopeds (< = 50 cm3; < 45 km/
  2. h)>TABLE POSITION> Table 8. Environmental specifications for marketed fuels to be used for vehicles equipped with positive-ignition engines Type: Petrol >TABLE POSITION> Note: Parties shall ensure that, no later than 1 January 2000, petrol can be marketed within their territory only if it complies with the environmental specifications set out in Table 8. Where a Party determines that banning petrol with a sulphur content which does not comply with the specifications for sulphur content in Table 8, but does not exceed the current content, would raise severe difficulties for its industries in making the necessary changes in their manufacturing facilities by 1 January 2000, it may extend the time period of marketing within its territory until 1 January 2003 at the latest. In such a case the Party shall specify, in a declaration to be deposited together with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, that it intends to extend the time period and present written information on the reason for this to the Executive Body. Table 9. Environmental specifications for marketed fuels to be used for vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines Type: Diesel fuel >TABLE POSITION> Note: Parties shall ensure that, no later than 1 January 2000, diesel fuel can be marketed within their territory only if it complies with the environmental specifications set out in Table 9. Where a Party determines that banning diesel fuel with a sulphur content which does not comply with the specifications for sulphur content in Table 9, but does not exceed the current content, would raise severe difficulties for its industries in making the necessary changes in their manufacturing facilities by 1 January 2000, it may extend the time period of marketing within its territory until 1 January 2003 at the latest. In such a case the Party shall specify, in a declaration to be deposited together with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, that it intends to extend the time period and present written information on the reason for this to the Executive Body. Table 10. Environmental specifications for marketed fuels to be used for vehicles equipped with positive-ignition engines Type: Petrol >TABLE POSITION> Note: Parties shall ensure that, no later than 1 January 2005, petrol can be marketed within their territory only if it complies with the environmental specifications set out in Table 10. Where a Party determines that banning petrol with a sulphur content which does not comply with the specifications for sulphur content in Table 10, but does comply with Table 8, would raise severe difficulties for its industries in making the necessary changes in their manufacturing facilities by 1 January 2005, it may extend the time period of marketing within its territory until 1 January 2007 at the latest. In such a case the Party shall specify, in a declaration to be deposited together with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, that it intends to extend the time period and present written information on the reason for this to the Executive Body. Table 11. Environmental specifications for marketed fuels to be used for vehicles equipped with compression-ignition engines Type: Diesel fuel >TABLE POSITION> Note: Parties shall ensure that, no later than 1 January 2005, diesel fuel can be marketed within their territory only if it complies with the environmental specifications set out in Table 11. Where a Party determines that banning diesel fuel with a sulphur content which does not comply with the specifications for sulphur content in Table 11, but does comply with Table 9, would raise severe difficulties for its industries in making the necessary changes in their manufacturing facilities by 1 January 2005, it may extend the time period of marketing within its territory until 1 January 2007 at the latest. In such a case the Party shall specify, in a declaration to be deposited together with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, that it intends to extend the time period and present written information on the reason for this to the Executive Body. B. Canada 9. New vehicle emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, heavy-duty vehicles, heavy-duty engines and motorcycles: Motor Vehicle Safety Act (and successor legislation), Schedule V of the Motor Vehicle Safety Regulations: Vehicle Emissions (Standard 1100), SOR/97-376, (28 July, 1997), as amended from time to time. 10. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, Diesel Fuel Regulations, SOR/97-110 (4 February 1997, sulphur in diesel fuel), as amended from time to time. 11. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, Benzene in Gasoline Regulations, SOR/97-493 (6 November 1997), as amended from time to time. 12. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, Sulphur in Gasoline Regulations, Canada Gazette, Part II, June 4 1999, as amended from time to time. C. United States of America 13. Implementation of a mobile source emission control programme for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks and fuels to the extent required by sections 202(a), 202(
  3. g)and 202(
  4. h)of the Clean Air Act, as implemented through: (
  5. a)40 Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Part 80, Subpart D - Reformulated Gasoline; (
  6. b)40 C.F.R. Part 86, Subpart A - General Provisions for Emission Regulations; (
  7. c)40 C.F.R. Part 80, section 80.29 - Controls and Prohibitions on Diesel Fuel Quality. ANNEX IX MEASURES FOR THE CONTROL OF EMISSIONS OF AMMONIA FROM AGRICULTURAL SOURCES 1. The Parties that are subject to obligations in Article 3
(8)(a), shall take the measures set out in this Annex.
  1. Each Party shall take due account of the need to reduce losses from the whole nitrogen cycle. A. Advisory code of good agricultural practice
  2. Within one year from the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for it, a Party shall establish, publish and disseminate an advisory code of good agricultural practice to control ammonia emissions. The code shall take into account the specific conditions within the territory of the Party and shall include provisions on: - nitrogen management, taking account of the whole nitrogen cycle, - livestock feeding strategies, - low-emission manure-spreading techniques, - low-emission manure-storage systems, - low-emission animal housing systems, - possibilities for limiting ammonia emissions from the use of mineral fertilisers. Parties should give a title to the code with a view to avoiding confusion with other codes of guidance. B. Urea and ammonium carbonate fertilisers
  3. Within one year from the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for it, a Party shall take such steps as are feasible to limit ammonia emissions from the use of solid fertilisers based on urea.
  4. Within one year from the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for it, a Party shall prohibit the use of ammonium carbonate fertilisers. C. Manure application
  5. Each Party shall ensure that low-emission slurry application techniques (as listed in guidance document V adopted by the Executive Body at its seventeenth session (Decision 1999/1) and any amendments thereto) that have been shown to reduce emissions by at least 30 % compared to the reference specified in that guidance document are used as far as the Party in question considers them applicable, taking account of local soil and geomorphological conditions, slurry type and farm structure. The timescales for the application of these measures shall be: 31 December 2009 for Parties with economies in transition and 31 December 2007 for other Parties
(1).
  1. Within one year from the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for it, a Party shall ensure that solid manure applied to land to be ploughed shall be incorporated within at least 24 hours of spreading as far as it considers this measure applicable, taking account of local soil and geomorphological conditions and farm structure. D. Manure storage
  2. Within one year from the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for it, a Party shall use for new slurry stores on large pig and poultry farms of 2000 fattening pigs or 750 sows or 40000 poultry, low-emission storage systems or techniques that have been shown to reduce emissions by 40 % or more compared to the reference (as listed in the guidance document referred to in paragraph
(6)), or other systems or techniques with a demonstrably equivalent efficiency
(2). 9. For existing slurry stores on large pig and poultry farms of 2000 fattening pigs or 750 sows or 40000 poultry, a Party shall achieve emission reductions of 40 % in s ofar as the Party considers the necessary techniques to be technically and economically feasible
(3). The timescales for the application of these measures shall be: 31 December 2009 for Parties with economies in transition and 31 December 2007 for all other Parties
(4). E. Animal housing 10. Within one year from the date of entry into force of the present Protocol for it, a Party shall use, for new animal housing on large pig and poultry farms of 2000 fattening pigs or 750 sows or 40000 poultry, housing systems which have been shown to reduce emissions by 20 % or more compared to the reference (as listed in the guidance document referred to in paragraph
(6)), or other systems or techniques with a demonstrably equivalent efficiency
(5). Applicability may be limited for animal welfare reasons, for instance in straw-based systems for pigs and aviary and free-range systems for poultry.
(1)For the purpose of the present Annex, "a country with an economy in transition" means a Party that has made with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession a declaration that it wishes to be treated as a country with an economy in transition for the purposes of paragraphs
(6)and/or
(9)of this Annex.
(2)Where a Party judges that other systems or techniques with a demonstrably equivalent efficiency can be used for manure storage and animal housing in order to comply with paragraphs
(8)and
(10), or where a Party judges the reduction of emissions from manure storage required under paragraph
(9)not to be technically or economically feasible, documentation to this effect shall be reported in accordance with Article
(7)
(1)(a).
(3)Where a Party judges that other systems or techniques with a demonstrably equivalent efficiency can be used for manure storage and animal housing in order to comply with paragraphs
(8)and
(10), or where a Party judges the reduction of emissions from manure storage required under paragraph
(9)not to be technically or economically feasible, documentation to this effect shall be reported in accordance with Article
(7)
(1)(a).
(4)For the purpose of the present Annex, "a country with an economy in transition" means a Party that has made with its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession a declaration that it wishes to be treated as a country with an economy in transition for the purposes of paragraphs
(6)and/or
(9)of this Annex.
(5)Where a Party judges that other systems or techniques with a demonstrably equivalent efficiency can be used for manure storage and animal housing in order to comply with paragraphs
(8)and
(10), or where a Party judges the reduction of emissions from manure storage required under paragraph
(9)not to be technically or economically feasible, documentation to this effect shall be reported in accordance with Article
(7)
(1)(a).

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