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ARTICLES PART I Preliminary Article
Order and exemptions from Order.
Aircraft.
laws and regulations. 9. Responsibility
the operator.
explosives and dangerous goods.
passengers on test flights prohibited.
logbooks and records. 16. Keeping
entries. 17. Alteration
entries or making false entries.
documents. PART III Flight Operations
aircraft. 22. Operator's duties regarding supervising
flight operations.
minimum flight altitudes and approval by Authority. 26. Determination
aerodrome operating minima.
aircraft.
operational flight plan.
cabin attendants and passengers in the event
loss
pressurisation. 40. Use
oxygen — all aircraft.
flight crew members.
flight plan change. 48. Duties
pilot-in-command. 49. Authority
the pilot-in-command. 50. Duties
a flight operations
ficer. PART IV Aircraft Operating Limitations 51. Conditions
operation. PART V Aircraft Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices 52. Carriage
instruments, equipment and safety devices.
equipment. PART VII Aircraft Crew 56. Composition and Standards
the aircraft flight crew.
owners and lessees. 63. Keeping and preservation
logbooks. FIRST SCHEDULE Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices for Aircraft. SECOND SCHEDULE Manuals, Logs and Records. APPENDIX JAR-OPS Subparts. S.I. No. 19
sections 5 , 14 , 58 , 59 , 60 and 67
the Irish Aviation Authority Act, 1993 (No. 29
1993) as amended by the Air Navigation and Transport (Amendment) Act, 1998 (No. 24
1998), hereby orders as follows: PART I Preliminary Citation and commencement. 1.
March, 1999. Definitions. 2.
the aircraft in respect
the flight or
the purpose for which the flight is made; “aerodrome” means a defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement
aircraft; “aerodrome operating minima” means the limits
usability
an aerodrome either for take-
f or landing usually expressed in terms
visibility or runway visual range, decision altitude/height or minimum descent altitude/height and cloud conditions; “aeroplane” means a power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed under given conditions
flight; “aircraft” means any machine that can derive support in the atmosphere from the reactions
the air other than the reaction
the air against the earth's surface; “aircraft operating manual” means a manual, acceptable to the state
the operator, containing normal, abnormal and emergency procedures, checklists, limitations, performance information, details
the aircraft systems and other material relevant to the operation
the aircraft. This manual is part
the Operations Manual defined below; “air operator certificate” means a certificate authorising an operator to carry out specified commercial air transport operations; “air transport undertaking” means an undertaking the business
which includes the carriage by air for hire or reward
passengers or cargo; “alternate aerodrome or heliport” means an aerodrome or heliport (including the aerodrome or heliport
departure) specified in a flight plan to which an aircraft in flight may proceed when it becomes inadvisable to land at the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing; “applicable Joint Aviation requirements” means the relevant Joint Aviation Requirements applicable to the subject referred to in the Order and effective in the State under the European Communities Council Regulation 91/3922/EEC
16 December 19911 or otherwise prescribed as effective by a direction
the Authority under this Order or any other Order; “appropriate authority” means, in relation to the State, the Authority and, in relation to any other state, the relevant authority
the state having sovereignty over the territory being overflown, and in the case
flight over the high seas, the relevant authority
the state in which the aircraft concerned is registered; “appropriate person” means an authorised
ficer
the company as defined in the Act or a person authorised by the appropriate authority for the purposes
this Order or the Chicago Convention; “authorised
ficer” means an authorised
ficer
the company as defined in section 2
the Act; “cabin attendant” means a cabin crew member who performs, in the interest
safety
passengers, duties assigned by the operator or the pilot-in-command
the aircraft, but who shall not act as a flight crew member; cabin attendants are termed cabin crew members in the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements; “cargo” includes mail and animals; “certificate
airworthiness” means, save where the contrary intention appears, a certificate
airworthiness issued or validated under the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Orders, 1996 and 1997 ( S.I. No 324
1996 and S.I. No. 102
1997 ); “certificate
registration” means, save where the contrary intention appears, a certificate
registration issued under the Irish Aviation Authority (Nationality and Registration
Aircraft) Orders, 1996 and 1997 ( S.I. No. 322
1996 and No. 219
1997 ); “checklist system” has the meaning assigned to it by Article 23
this Order; “the Chicago Convention” (in this Order referred to as “the Convention”) has the meaning assigned to it by the Act; “commander” means the pilot-in-command designated by the operator for a specific flight, who may delegate responsibility to another pilot-in-command; “commercial transport aircraft” means an aircraft used or intended to be used by the operator for the purpose
carrying passengers or cargo for which purpose payment is required to be made or promised to the operator or, in a case where the carriage is effected by an air transport undertaking, whether for payment or not; “commercial air transport operation” means an aircraft operation involving the transport
passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire; “configuration deviation list” (CDL) means a list established by the organisation responsible for the type design, with the approval
the state
design, which identifies any external parts
an aircraft type which may be missing at the commencement
a flight and which contains, where necessary, any information on associated operating limitations and performance correction; “congested area” means a densely populated area which is substantially used for residential, commercial or recreational purposes and is without adequate safe landing areas; “controlled flight” means any flight which is provided with air traffic control services; “controlled VFR flight” means a controlled flight conducted in accordance with the visual flight rules; “crew member” means a person assigned by an operator to duty on an aircraft during flight time; “cruising level” means a level maintained during a significant portion
a flight; “dangerous goods” means articles or substances which are capable
posing a considerable risk to health, safety or property when transported by air; “decision altitude/height” means a specified altitude or height in a precision approach at which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been established; “defined point after take-
f or before landing” means, in the case
a multi-engine helicopter, the point before which (during or after take-
that state and assigned to duty on an aircraft during flight time; “flight duty period” means the total time from the moment a flight crew member commences duty, immediately subsequent to a rest period and prior to making a flight or series
flights, to the moment he is relieved
all duties having completed such flight or series
flights; “flight manual” means a manual which is associated with a certificate
airworthiness and contains limitations within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy, and instructions and information necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation
the aircraft; “flight plan” means specified information provided to air traffic services units relative to an intended flight or portion
a flight
an aircraft; “flight recorder” means any type
recorder installed in an aircraft for the purpose
complementing accident/incident investigation; “flight preparation form” has the meaning assigned to it by Article 29
this Order; “flight time” means, save where the contrary intention appears, the total time from the moment an aircraft first moves under its own or external power for the purpose
taking
f until the moment it comes to rest at the end
the flight; “heliport” means an aerodrome or a defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement
helicopters; “human factors principles” means principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system components by proper consideration
human performance; “human performance” means human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and efficiency
aeronautical operations; “instrument flight rules (IFR)” means the rules contained in Part IV
the Schedule to the Irish Aviation Authority (Rules
the Air) Order, 1999 ( S.I. No. 20
1999 ); “instrument approach and landing operations” means approach and landing operations using precision or non-precision instrument procedures as defined in Annex 6 to the Convention; “instrument meteorological conditions (IMC)” means meteorological conditions expressed in terms
visibility, distance from cloud and ceiling less than the minima for visual meteorological conditions; “Joint Aviation Requirements” means the Joint Aviation Requirements (JARs) adopted by the Joint Aviation Authorities
Europe referred to in section 14
the Act; “JAR-OPS” means Joint Aviation Requirements — Operations and consists
two Parts — JAR-OPS Part 1 refers to Aeroplanes and JAR-OPS Part 3 to Helicopters — each Part being subdivided into sections with Subparts A to S in Section 1 and “Acceptable means
Compliance” in Section 2; “load sheet” has the meaning assigned to it by Article 30
this Order; “maintenance” means tasks required to ensure the continued airworthiness
an aircraft including any one or combination
overhaul, repair, inspection, replacement, modification or defect rectification; “maintenance manual” means a maintenance control manual and has the meaning assigned to it in Part VIII
the Order; “maintenance release” means a maintenance release issued under the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Order, 1996; “maximum total mass authorised” (MTMA) means the maximum total mass
the aircraft and its contents at which the aircraft may take
f in accordance with the certificate
airworthiness in force in respect
the aircraft and the associated flight manual limitations and regulated performance; “minimum descent altitude/height” means a specified altitude or height in a non-precision approach or circling approach below which descent may not be made without visual reference; “obstacle clearance altitude (OCA) or obstacle clearance height (OCH)” means the lowest altitude or lowest height above the elevation
the relevant runway threshold or the aerodrome elevation as applicable, used in establishing compliance with appropriate obstacle clearance criteria; “obstacle clearance limit” means the height above the elevation
an aerodrome below which the minimum required verticle clearance cannot be maintained on approach or in the event
a missed approach; “Operations Manual” has the meaning assigned to it by Article 23
this Order; “operational control” means the exercise
authority over the initiation, continuation, diversion or termination
a flight in the interest
the safety
the aircraft and the regularity and efficiency
a flight; “operational flight plan” means the operator's plan for the safe conduct
the flight based on considerations
aircraft performance, other operating limitaions and relevant expected conditions on the route to be followed and at the aerodromes concerned; “operator” means a person, organisation, or enterprise engaged in or
fering to engage in an aircraft operation; and who or which, in relation to any particular aircraft, has at the relevant time the responsibility for the management
that aircraft; “the Order” means this Order; “pilot-in-command” means the pilot responsible for the operation and safety
the aircraft during flight time; “Performance Class 1” means, in relation to a helicopter, performance such that, in the case
critical power unit failure, it is able to land on the rejected take-
f area or safely continue the flight to an appropriate landing area, depending on when the failure occurs; “Performance Class 2” means, in relation to a helicopter, performance such that in the case
critical power unit failure, it is able to safely continue the flight, except when the failure occurs prior to a defined point after take-
f or after a defined point before landing, in which case a forced landing may be required; “Performance Class 3” means, in relation to a helicopter, performance such that, in the case
power unit failure at any point in the flight profile, a forced landing must be performed; “prescribed” means prescribed by a direction given by the Authority and the expression “prescribe” shall be construed accordingly; “pressure altitude” means an atmospheric pressure expressed in terms
altitude which corresponds to that pressure in the Standard Atmosphere as defined in Annex 8 to the Chicago Convention; “private aircraft” means an aircraft which is neither a commercial transport aircraft nor an aerial work aircraft; “proficiency check” means a demonstration
skill to revalidate or renew a flight crew licence rating and including such oral examination as the examiner may require; “psychocative substances” means alcohol, opoids, cannabinoids, sedatives and hypnotics, cocaine, other psychostimulants, hallucinogens and volatile solvents, whereas coffee and tobacco are excluded; “rest period” means any period
time on the ground during which a flight crew member is relieved
all duties by the operator; “runway visual range” (RVR) means the range over which the pilot
an aircraft on the centre line
a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its centre line; “required navigation performance” (RNP) means a statement
the navigation performance accuracy necessary for operation within a defined airspace with a containment value (termed RNP Type) expressed as a distance in nautical miles from the intended position within which flights would be for at least 95 percent
the total flying time; “state
registry” means the state on whose register the aircraft is entered; “state
the operator” means the state in which the operator's principal place
business is located or, if there is no such place
business, the operator's permanent residence; “synthetic training device” means any one
the following types
apparatus in which flight conditions are simulated on the ground— (a) a flight simulator which provides accurate representation
the flight-deck
a particular aircraft type to the extent that the mechanical, electrical, electronic and other aircraft systems control functions, the normal environment
flight crew members, and the performance and flight characteristics
the type
aircraft are realistically simulated, (b) a flight procedures simulator which provides a realistic flight-deck environment and which simulates instrument responses, simple control functions
mechanical, electrical, electronic and other aircraft systems, and the performance and flight characteristics
aircraft
a particular class, or (c) a basic instrument flight trainer which is equipped with appropriate instruments and which simulates the flight-deck environment
an aircraft in flight in instrument flight conditions; “total cosmic radiation” means the total
ionising and neurton radiation
galactic and solar origin; “visual flight rules (VFR)” means the rules contained in Part III
the Schedule to the Irish Aviation Authority (Rules
the Air) Order, 1999; “visual meteorological conditions (VMC)” means meteorological conditions expressed in terms
visibility, distance from cloud and ceiling equal to or better than the minima specified in Part III
the Schedule to the Irish Aviation Authority (Rules
the Air) Order, 1999.
1986 ) and the Irish Aviation Authority (Operations) (Amendment) Order, 1997 are hereby revoked.
the Irish Aviation Authority (Operations) Order, 1986 ( S.I. No. 62
1986 ), every direction given under that Order and in force at the commencement
this Order shall continue in force and shall be deemed for all purposes to have been given under this Order. Application
Order and exemptions from Order. 4.
this Article, this Order shall, unless the contrary intention appears, apply to all aircraft registered in the State, wherever such aircraft may be, unless such an aircraft is subject to a delegation
oversight responsibility to another state under Article 83bis to the Convention and shall also apply to all aircraft operated by a commercial transport operator under an air operator's certificate issued by the Authority and, with respect to Article 6
subparagraph (a)
this Order as may be specified in the direction shall apply to such aircraft, not being aircraft registered in the State, which are for the time being under the management
a person who is qualified to hold a legal or beneficial interest by way
ownership
an aircraft registered in the State, as may be so specified.
training any person or persons carried therein (other than the crew member thereof) to perform duties in an aircraft, or (b) the carriage
persons for the purpose
undergoing instruction in flying, shall not be a commercial transport aircraft for the purposes
this Order but the requirements
paragraphs
this Order shall apply to such an aircraft unless otherwise prescribed or unless it is an aircraft owned by or operated under an arrangement entered into by a flying club or it is an aerial work aircraft, when the appropriate requirements
Articles 29 and 62 shall apply to it.
persons or aircraft from any
the provisions
this Order. Application to unregistered aircraft. 5. If an aircraft which is not registered flies in contravention
the Irish Aviation Authority (Nationality and Registration
Aricraft) Order, 1996, this Order shall apply to that aircraft, when in or over the State, in like manner as it applies to aircraft registered in the State and the liability
that aircraft, when so flying, shall be the same in all respects as the liability under this Order
aircraft registered in the State. Detention
Aircraft. 6.
ficer, that an aircraft is intended or likely to be flown from any place, subject to the provisions
this Order, in such circumstances that the flight would be in contravention
any provision
this Order or any direction made thereunder, the Authority, or that authorised
ficer, may give to the operator
the aircraft or pilot-in-command thereof such instructions and take such steps by way
detention
the aircraft or otherwise as appear to him to be necessary in order to prevent the flight and the person so instructed shall comply with such instructions.
paragraph
this Article, the Authority or the authorised
ficer concerned may enter and inspect the aircraft concerned. Directions. 7.
such matters and things as may be specified in this Order for carrying out the purposes
this Order and the Schedules thereto as may be necessary and appropriate.
Notices to Airmen (otherwise known as “NOTAMS”), Notices to Aircraft Operators, Notices to Aircraft Owners and Aircraft Engineers (otherwise known as “Aeronautical Notices”), or Aeronautical Information Circulars, or by notice sent by registered post to the person affected.
a Regulation
the European Communities and any provision
those Joint Aviation Requirements conflicts or may be interpreted to conflict with a corresponding provision
this Order, that provision
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements shall take precedence over the corresponding provision
this Order unless otherwise prescribed by the Authority in a particular case. PART II General Operator's responsibility for his employees' knowledge
laws and regulations. 8.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and shall ensure that— (a) all his employees concerned with aircraft operation including all crew members are aware that, when in or over the territory
another state, they are obliged to comply with the laws, regulations and procedures in force in that state; (b) each pilot is familiar with the regulations and procedures in force pertinent to the performance
his duties in respect
— (
the regulations and procedures referred to in subparagraph (b)
this paragraph as are pertinent to the performance
their respective duties in the operation
the aircraft.
an aircraft shall comply with the relevant laws regulations and procedures
the states in which that aircraft is operated. Responsibility
the operator. 9.
an aircraft, and the operator
a commercial transport aircraft, shall be responsible for the operation and safety
the aircraft and for the safety
all persons on board, during flight time.
an aircraft shall not engage in commercial air transport operations unless in possession
a valid Air Operator's Certificate issued by the Authority under the Irish Aviation Authority (Air Operator Certificates) Order, 1993 ( S.I. No. 325
1993 ) authorising that operator to conduct commercial air transport operations in accordance with such conditions and limitations as may be specified for that operator and in accordance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and an aircraft shall not be used for aerial work without the permission
the Authority.
a comercial transport aircraft shall be responsible for the operational control
all aircraft operated by him and shall ensure the safety
all persons who board an aircraft operated by him with the intention
making a flight therein and shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
a commercial transport aircraft shall establish procedures to be followed in a case
suspected aircraft sabotage and shall ensure that a check-list
search procedures is on board the aircraft for every flight. The checklist shall be supported by guidance on the course
action to be taken should a bomb or suspicious object be found and information on the least-risk bomb location specific to the aircraft.
a commercial transport aircraft shall establish and maintain an accident prevention and flight safety programme for his aircraft fleet operations.
a commercial transport aircraft, issued with a current Air Operator's Certificate by the Authority, shall comply with all
the provisions
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements. Pilot-in-command's duties in certain emergencies. 10.
an aircraft or
any person and necessitates the taking
action involving a violation by any crew member
regulations or procedures in force in the airspace in which that aircraft is flying, the pilot-in-command shall notify the appropriate authority, without delay,
the violation, and shall submit a written report on the violation and the reason therefor to the Authority in all cases and also to the appropriate authority
the state in or over which the violation occurs, if that state requires such report.
a report referred to in paragraph
this Article shall be submitted to the Authority by the pilot-in-command concerned as soon after the occurrence
the emergency as may be reasonably practicable and where possible within ten days
such occurrence.
this paragraph, if an aircraft in flight (or such
its equipment as is necessary for the airworthiness
the aircraft) sustains a defect affecting the safety
the aircraft, the aircraft shall land at the earliest safe opportunity and shall not fly again unless a certificate
release to service relating to the rectification
the defect has been issued under the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Order, 1996; (b) Where, in the case
an aircraft having more than two engines, any engine loses power or has to be shut down, the pilot-in-command
that aircraft— (i) may, instead
landing at the earliest safe opportunity, decide to land at a suitable convenient aerodrome, and (ii) shall report, as soon as practicable after the occurrence, to the appropriate air traffic control unit the loss
power and his decision to land at a suitable aerodrome and shall thereafter keep air traffic control fully informed
the progress
the flight; (c) The pilot-in-command
an aircraft shall not decide to land at a suitable convenient aerodrome instead
landing at the earliest safe opportunity unless he is satisfied that the course adopted is as safe as landing at the earliest safe opportunity and he has taken into account factors which may affect the safety
the aircraft including— (i) the nature
the malfunction
the engine which caused the loss
power, (ii) any possible mechanical difficulties which may result from the continuation
the flight, (iii) the altitude and mass
the aircraft, (iv) the amount
fuel remaining in the aircraft, (
the air traffic in and about any suitable convenient aerodrome, (vii) the nature
the terrain to be over-flown, and (viii) his familiarity with conditions in and about any suitable convenient aerodrome; (d) Whenever a pilot-in-command
an aircraft lands that aircraft at a suitable convenient aerodrome instead
at the earliest safe opportunity, he shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, furnish the operator, or if there is otherwise no operator, the Authority, with a report in writing stating the reasons for his decision to land at the selected aerodrome rather than at the earliest safe opportunity; (e) Whenever the operator is furnished with a report pursuant to subparagraph (d)
this Article, the operator shall, within ten days
the receipt
the report, furnish the Authority with a copy
the report together with any observations the operator may wish to make on the report. Carriage
explosives and dangerous goods. 11. The carriage
explosive substances and other dangerous goods in an aircraft shall be in compliance with the provisions
the Irish Aviation Authority (Carriage
Munitions
War, Weapons and Dangerous Goods) Orders, 1973 to 1979 and the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements. Information on search and rescue services. 12.
all essential information concerning all search services and all rescue services in the area over which the aircraft will be flying.
a commercial transport aircraft, the operator shall ensure that such information is made available to the pilot-in-command either in the Operations Manual, or by such other means as the Authority considers appropriate or as required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements. Carriage
passangers on test flights prohibited. 13.
a commercial transport aircraft and the pilot-in-command
an aircraft shall ensure that a person (other than a required flight crew member or a person authorised by the Authority) is not carried in an aircraft engaged on a test flight unless the carriage
that person is necessary or desirable for the purpose
, or in connection with, the test flight and is authorised by the operator and the pilot-in-command.
proving the airworthiness
an aircraft or
its equipment. Smoking in aircraft. 14.
an aircraft or the operator
a commercial transport aircraft shall take reasonable steps to ensure that smoking is prohibited in every aircraft operated by him- (a) if and in so far as smoking is prohibited by the certificate
airworthiness or the flight manual
such aircraft; (b) in any circumstances when smoking might endanger the safety
the aircraft; (c) to comply with ICAO recommendations endorsed by the State.
the aircraft or the operator
a commercial transport aircraft shall take reasonable steps to ensure that instructions indicating when smoking is prohibited in any compartment
that aircraft are conveyed to all persons in that compartment.
an aircraft when smoking is prohibited in that compartment by instruction to that effect given by or on behalf
the pilot-in-command.
logbooks and records. 15.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
the keeping
a logbook, in this Order referred to as a journey logbook, which shall contain the particulars set out in paragraph 1
the Second Schedule to this Order and shall preserve such records for a period
not less than six months beginning on the date
the last entry or such other period as may be required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
a commercial transport aircraft shall, in respect
any flight by that aircraft during which it may fly to an altitude
more than 49,000 feet, maintain records so that the total cosmic radiation dose received by each crew member over a period
twelve consecutive months can be determined. An operator shall also preserve such records for twelve months after a crew member has left the operator's organisation. Keeping
entries. 16. Entries in every journey logbook or any other record required to be kept under this Order shall be indelible and shall be kept up to date and in accordance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements. Alteration
entries or making false entries. 17. A person shall not— (
any false entry in, or material omission from, any journey logbook or any other record kept, or required to be kept, under this Order. Documents to be carried on aircraft. 18.
the state in which it is registered to be on board.
this Article; provided that, if the flight is intended to begin and end at the same aeordrome or heliport without passing over the territory
any other state, the documents specified in subparagraph (a)
the said paragraph
this Article, it shall be necessary to have on board— (
registration and
airworthiness in force in respect
the aircraft, (ii) valid licences, with appropriate current ratings, issued or validated under the Irish Aviation Authority (Personnel Licensing) Orders, 1966-1999,
the flight crew members
the aircraft, (iii) the flight manual for the aircraft, or other documents acceptable to the Authority as equivalent to the flight manual, (
an aircraft to which requirements for noise certification by the appropriate authority
a state are applicable, a document attesting compliance with such requirements, (vi) a document specifying the procedures prescribed in Annex 2 to the Chicago Convention for pilots-in-command
intercepted aircraft, and (vii) a radio station licence; (b) a commercial transport aircraft when in flight shall carry all
the documents required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements to include the following documents— (i) the documents specified in subparagraph (a)
this paragraph, (ii) a copy
the Operations Manual, or relevant parts thereof (including all amendments thereto) for the aircraft, (iii) a copy
the maintenance release in force in respect
the aircraft, (iv) a copy
the load sheet required by Article 30
this Order in respect
the flight, (v) the technical log required by Article 20
the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Order, 1996, (vi) the journey logbook or other record required by Article 15
this Order, (vii) check-lists
procedures to be used by crew members during and after all phases
operations and in the event
an emergency and
the procedures to be followed in searching the aircraft in the event
suspected sabotage, (viii) the operational flight plan, (
emergency and survival equipment carried; (
subparagraph (b)
this paragraph; (ii) a copy
the appropriate permission given by the Authority as required by this Order and the Irish Aviation Authority (Rules
the Air) Order 1999 ( S.I. No. 20
1999 ); (iii) such other documents as the Authority may require to be carried on a particular flight or flights. Production
documents. 19.
an aircraft shall, when required to do so by the appropriate person, produce or cause to be produced to that person such
the documents required by Article 18
this Order to be on board the aircraft in flight as that person requests to be produced.
an aircraft registered in the State shall, after being required to do so by the appropriate person, produce or cause to be produced to that person for inspection by that person such
the following documents as that person requests to be produced— (a) any certificates, logbooks, other records or other documents relating to the aircraft which are required under this Order or under the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Orders. 1996 and 1997, to be in force, carried on board the aircraft or kept or preserved; and (b) any other documents and information in the possession or under the control
the operator which the appropriate person may require for the purpose
determining whether the logbooks or records referred to in subparagraph (a)
this paragraph are complete and accurate. PART III Flight Operations Operating facilities. 20.
a commercial transport aircraft and the pilot-in-command
any aircraft shall ensure that a flight shall not be commenced by that aircraft unless it has been previously ascertained by the use
every reasonable means available that the ground facilities and water facilities available, including communication facilities and navigation aids, directly required for such flight for the safe operation
the aircraft and the protection
the passengers, are adequate for the type
operation to be conducted.
departure to the operator or pilot-in-command, either through
ficial information published by the aeronautical information service
the state or states concerned or readily obtainable by him from other sources; “facilities available and directly required” shall be deemed not to include aerodrome emergency facilities such as those for fire-fighting, search and rescue.
operations undertaken by him, an operator encounters facilities or aids which he considers to be inadequate, he shall report the inadequacy to the person or authority immediately responsible for those facilities. Taxiing
aircraft. 21. An aircraft to which this Order applies shall not be taxied on the movement area
an aerodrome unless the person at the controls has been duly authorised by the operator if a commercial transport aircraft, or the owner
any other aircraft or, in the case where it is leased, the lessee or his/a designated agent, and is competent to do so and to use the radio equipment if communications are required, and has received instruction from a competent person in respect
the aerodrome layout and, where appropriate, information on routes, signs, marking, lights, ATC signals and instructions phraseology and procedures and is able to conform to the operational standards required for safe aircraft movement at the aerodrome. A helicopter rotor shall not be turned under power without a qualified pilot at the controls. Operator's duties regarding supervision
flight operations. 22. The operator
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
operational procedures and the supervision
flight operations and shall— (a) establish and maintain a method (which shall be subject to the approval
the Authority)
supervision
flight operations, and shall appoint a person with overall responsibility for that supervision and, where necessary, a suitably qualified person or persons as flight operations
ficer(s) to implement control
flight operations; (b) ensure that any person employed by him in accordance with paragraph (a)
this Article shall have attained a standard
technical competence acceptable to the Authority and shall— (i) prior to such employment, demonstrate satisfactorily to the operator his knowledge
and ability to perform the duties assigned to him in the geographical areas where he is authorised to exercise flight supervision including a knowledge
the contents
the operator's Operations Manual, the performance characteristics and limitations
radio and navigation equipment
the aircraft in use, the seasonal meteorological conditions and the sources
that information and their effects on radio reception in the aircraft used and the aircraft loading instructions; (ii) prior to such employment, have made within the preceding twelve months a qualification flight in the cockpit
an aeroplane over any area in which that individual will be authorised to exercise flight supervision including landings at as many aerodromes as practicable; (iii) during the period
his employment as a flight operations supervisor, maintain complete familiarisation with all operational matters pertaining to his duties; and (iv) if he is absent from such duties for more than twelve consecutive months, demonstrate his knowledge and ability as aforesaid prior to his again being employed on the duties
a flight operations supervisor. Operations manual. 23. The operator
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the provisions
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
Operations Manuals, Operations Personnel and Checklists and shall— (a) (i) provide for the use and guidance
the flight crew and cabin crew members and operations personnel concerned a document which shall be known, and in this Order is referred to, as the Operations Manual which may comprise one, or more than one, volume and shall contain the particulars set out in paragraph 2
the Second Schedule to this Order, (ii) provide a copy
the Operations Manual together with all the amendments and revisions which may be made to it from time to time, to the Authority for acceptance or any necessary approvals; (b) ensure that the Operations Manual is revised as may be necessary— (i) by reason
any change affecting the operation
the aircraft or its equipment, (
this Article are supplied to each holder
the Operations Manual; (
their respective duties and responsibilities, (ii) ensure and so instruct his flight crews and operations personnel that, when passengers are being carried, emergency situations affecting the flight characteristics
the aircraft shall not be simulated; (e) establish a checklist system which shall be used by the flight crew during all phases
operations, and in the case
emergency, for the purpose
ensuring that the operating procedures, specified in the aircraft operating manual and in the flight manual or other documents associated with the certificate
airworthiness and acceptable to the Authority as equivalent to the flight manual, and otherwise in the Operations Manual, are complied with. The design and utilisation
the checklists shall observe human factors principles. Minimum flight altitudes. 24.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
minimum flight altitudes for any flight and shall— (a) in respect
scheduled flights and routes in frequent use in operations other than scheduled flights, establish and specify in the Operations Manual, in accordance with Article 25
this Order, altitudes referred to as minimum flight altitudes for each route flown; and (b) in respect
routes not in frequent use in operations other than scheduled flights, establish and specify in the Operations Manual a method by which minimum flight altitudes for each route to be flown shall be determined where these have not been determined by the state flown over or the responsible state.
the Air) Order, 1999.
an aircraft shall observe the minimum flight altitudes, if any, established by the appropriate authority
the state over which the aircraft is flying. Establishment
minimum flight altitudes and approval by Authority. 25.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements when establishing minimum flight altitudes and the method by which minimum flight altitudes shall be determined and shall take into consideration all relevant factors affecting the safety
the operation concerned, including— (a) the accuracy with which the position
the aircraft can be determined; (
the terrain along the route, with particular reference to any abrupt changes in elevations; (d) the probability
encountering unfavourable meteorological conditions and the likelihood
severe turbulence and decending air currents; (
flights by a commercial transport aircraft subject to this Order, be approved by the Authority. Determination
aerodrome or heliport operating minima. 26.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements for the determination and specification
aerodrome or heliport operating minima and shall:— (a) in respect
scheduled flights, determine and specify in the Operations Manual minimum conditions, in this Order referred to as aerodrome or heliport operating minima; (b) in respect
operations other than scheduled flights, establish and specify in the Operations Manual a method by which aerodrome or heliport operating minima shall be determined, for each aerodrome or heliport on the routes to be flown which will be, or is likely to be, used in those operations as an aerodrome or heliport
intended landing or as an alternative aerodrome or heliport which, being suitable, may require to be used in an emergency, provided that:— (
aerodrome or heliport operating minima to apply in any particular circumstances or establish a method by which aerodrome or heliport operating minima shall be determined, the operator shall take into consideration all relevant factors, including— (a) the type, performance and handling characteristics
the aircraft concerned; (b) the composition
the flight crew, their competence and experience; (c) the dimensions and characteristics
runways used; (d) the adequacy and performance
the available visual and non-visual ground aids; (e) the equipment available in the aircraft for the purpose
navigation and control
the flight path during the approach to landing and in a missed approach; (f) the obstacles in the approach, missed approach, and take-
f areas and the obstacle clearance limit for the instrument approach procedure; (
a commercial transport aircraft who is not an operator certificated by the Authority shall not operate that aircraft within the State unless that operator shall have provided to the Authority any information which it may from time to time require relating to that operator's aerodrome or heliport operating minima within the State; and if the Authority requires any changes in those minima, such an operator shall not operate such aircraft until those changes have been affected.
an aircraft shall not operate that aircraft to or from an aerodrome or heliport using operating minima lower than those which may be established for that aerodrome or heliport by the state in which it is located except with the specific approval
that state. Fuel and oil records. 27.
a commercial transport aircraft shall maintain such records
fuel and oil as shall satisfy the Authority that for each flight the requirements
Articles 33 to 37
this Order have been complied with.
at least three months beginning on the date
the flight to which they relate or as otherwise required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements. Crew members and passengers. 28.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the provisions
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
crew members and passengers and shall— (
the flight time, flight duty periods and rest periods
each flight crew member and these records shall be preserved by the operator for a period
not less than fifteen months beginning on the completion
the flight time, flight duty period or rest period to which the record relates; (c) subject to the approval
the Authority, formulate and include in the Operations Manual rules limiting the flight time and flight duty periods
flight crew members and cabin attendants, providing for adequate rest periods and ensuring that fatigue occurring, either in a flight or successive flights or accumulated over a period
time by reason
the tasks connected (either directly or indirectly) with such flight or flights, shall not be such as to endanger the safety
a flight. The Authority may prescribe flight time limitations
a general or specific nature which shall be complied with by the persons to whom they apply; (d) maintain, for each flight
an aircraft above 15,000 metres (49,000 ft), a record so that the total cosmic radiation dose received by each crew member over a period
twelve consecutive months can be determined; (
crew members and passengers.
a commercial transport aircraft shall ensure that all passengers are briefed in accordance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and the pilot-in-command
any aircraft shall ensure that— (
use
seat belts or safety harnesses, emergency exits, life jackets, passenger oxygen dispensing equipment and other emergency equipment provided on board an aircraft for individual use including passenger briefing cards, (ii) all passengers are informed
the location and general manner
use
the principal emergency equipment carried for collective use; (
f and each landing and whenever, by reason
turbulent air conditions or any emergency during flight the precaution is considered necessary, all passengers on board an aircraft are secured in their seats by means
the seat belts or safety harnesses provided.
action which can be adopted in case the flight cannot be completed as planned; (b) the aircraft is airworthy, and any necessary maintenance work has been performed in accordance with Part VII
this Order; (c) the instruments, equipment and safety devices required by Part V
this Order for the particular type
operation to be undertaken are installed and are adequate for the flight and that the communication and navigation equipment required by Part VI
this Order is in working order; (d) the mass
the aircraft and its centre-
-gravity location are such that the flight can be conducted safely, taking into account the flight conditions expected and any load carried is properly distributed and safely secured; (e) Part IV
this Order is or will be complied with in respect
the Operating Limitations for the flight to be undertaken; (f) the view
the pilot-in-command is not interfered with by any obstruction not forming part
the structure
the aircraft and is not obsecured by any discoloration
, damage to, or deposit on any
the windows, windscreens or side screens
the aircraft; provided that nothing in this subparagraph shall preclude the use
screens or other devices in aircraft used for training in instrument flying; (
electricity is adequate for the operation
such
the electrical equipment installed in the aircraft as will be used on the flight; (i) a flight to be planned or expected to operate in suspected or known ground icing conditions shall not take
f unless the aircraft has been inspected for icing and, if necessary, has been given appropriate de-icing or antiicing treatment. Accumulation
ice or other naturally occurring contaminants shall be removed so that the aircraft is kept in an airworhty condition prior to take-
a commercial transport aircraft shall not comence a flight unless and until documents which shall be known, and in this Order are referred to, as flight preparation forms have been completed certifying that the pilot-in-command has satisfied himself— (a) with regard to the matters specified in paragraph
this Article; (b) that a maintenance release as required by Article 18
the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Order, 1996, is in force in respect
the aircraft and will not normally cease to be in force during the intended flight; (c) that the quantities
fuel and oil have been computed in accordance with Articles 33 to 37
this Order, as applicable;
a commercial transport aircraft shall not commence a flight unless the requirements
this Order have been complied with. Loading
aircraft. 30.
a commercial transport aircraft shall not cause or permit it to be loaded for a flight or shall not cause or permit any load to be suspended from such aircraft except in compliance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and under the supervision
a suitably trained person whom he has caused to be furnished with written instructions as to the distribution and securing
the load so as to ensure that— (
airworthiness in force in respect
the aircraft was issued or rendered valid (being conditions relating to the loading
the aircraft) are complied with.
this Article shall indicate— (a) the mass
the aircraft prepared for service, that is to say, the aggregate
the mass
the aircraft (as shown in the mass schedule referred to in Article 23
th Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Order, 1996) and the mass
such additional items in or on the aircraft as the operator thinks fit to include; (b) any additional items included in the mass
the aircraft prepared for service; and (c) the position
the centre
gravity
the aircraft at that mass.
a commercial transport aircraft shall not cause or permit that aircraft to be loaded in contravention
the instructions referred to in paragraph
this Article.
the Authority for the written instructions, referred to in paragraph
this Article, in respect
the aircraft; (b) the loading
the aircraft for the proposed flight has been completed in accordance with such instructions; (c) the person superintending the loading
the aircraft for the proposed flight has prepared, certified and dated a document in duplicate which shall be known, and in this Order is referred to, as a load sheet containing the particulars specified in paragraph
this Article; and (d) the load sheet has been submitted to the pilot-in-command
the aircraft and has been examined by him for the purpose
complying with subparagraph (d)
paragraph
this Order.
the aircraft; (
the several masses from which the total mass
the aircraft as loaded has been computed; and (d) a certificate by the person superintending the loading
the aircraft that the load has been distributed in accordance with the instructions referred to in clause (a)
paragraph
this Article and approved by the Authority in respect
the aircraft.
this Article shall be computed in a manner acceptable to the Authority or as required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
the load sheet shall be preserved by the operator for a period
six months beginning on the completion
the flight to which the load sheet relates or as otherwise specified in the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
the aircraft” means the person who collates all mass information for the preparation
the load sheet and determines the mass
the aircraft and the distribution
the load for the purpose
compliance with subparagraph (d)
paragraph
this Order.
every intended flight by a commercial transport aircraft for the purpose
indicating that the flight can be conducted with safety and that Articles 32 to 37
this Order have been complied with.
ficer and a copy
it shall be deposited with the operator, his agent or the aerodrome authority or, where this is not possible, shall be deposited in such a place at the point
departure as to be readily available if required.
the Irish Aviation Authority (Rules
the Air) Order, 1999, shall, whenever any part
the flight has to be made in weather conditions necessitating compliance with instrument flight rules, include the name
at least one alternate aerodrome or heliport unless the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing is isolated and no suitable alternate aerodrome or heliport is available; (b) Unless specified in the Operations Manual or in other suitable documents carried on the flight, the operational flight plan
a commercial transport aircraft engaged in an operation other than scheduled flights shall include, in addition to the matter specified in subparagraph (a)
this paragraph— (
f alternate aerodrome shall be selected and specified in the operational flight plan if the weather conditions at the aerodrome
departure are at or below the applicable aerodrome operating minima or it would not be possible to return to the aerodrome
departure for other reasons; (b) A take-
f alternate aerodrome shall be located within a distance from the aerodrome
departure equivalent to not more than one hour flight time for a twin engine aeroplane or two hours for an aeroplane with three or more powerplants, both at the one-engine inoperative cruise speed; (c) A take-
f alternate aerodrome shall be selected such that the available information indicates that, at the estimated time
use the conditions will be at or above the aerodrome operating minima for the operation;
the flight and the meteorological conditions prevailing are such that there is a reasonable certainty that, at the estimated time
arrival at the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing and for a reasonable time before and after such time, the approach and landing may be made under visual meteorological conditions; (ii) the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing is isolated and there is no suitable destination alternate aerodrome available provided that — a point
no return shall be determined for helicopter operations, or (iii) suitable
f-shore alternate heliports may be specified for helicopter operations subject to the following criteria:— • the
fshore alternates will be used only after a point
no return. Prior to the point
no return, on-shore alternates shall be used, • the mechanical reliability
critical control systems and components on the helicopter shall be considered and taken into account when determining the suitability
alternate heliports, • the ability
the helicopter to safely land with one engine inoperative shall be attainable prior to its arrival at the alternate heliport, • deck availability shall be guaranteed at the alternate heliport, • accurate and reliable weather information must be available. Weather conditions - All Aircraft. 32.
purely local character in visual meteorological conditions, which is to be conducted in accordance with visual flight rules, unless the meteorological information, including meteorological reports or a combination
current reports and forecasts most recently available from the appropriate meteorological
fice, indicates that the meteorological conditions along the route or that part
the route to be flown under the visual flight rules, will, at the appropriate time, be such as to make it possible for the flight to be conducted in accordance with visual flight rules.
intended landing and at least one destination alternate aeordrome or heliport will, at the estimated time
arrival, be at or above the aerodrome operating minima.
intended landing; and (b) available current meteorological information indicates that the following meteorological conditions will exist from two hours before to two hours after the estimated time
arrival; (i) a cloudbase
at least 300 metres (1,000
at least 5.5 km or
4 km more than the minimum associated with the procedure.
intended landing unless the latest available meteorological information indicates that conditions at that aerodrome, or at least one destination alternate aerodrome or heliport will, at the estimated time
arrival, be at or above the specified aerodrome operating minima.
emergency, beyond a point at which the limits
the aerodrome or heliport operating minima would be infringed.
the flight and the meteorological conditions prevailing are such that there is reasonable certainty that, at the estimated time
arrival at the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing and for a reasonable period before and after such time, the approach and landing may be made under visual meteorological conditions; or (b) the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing is isolated and there is no suitable destination alternate aerodrome or alternate heliport available. Fuel and oil supply — all aircraft. 33. The pilot-in-command
an aircraft shall ensure that— (
this Article a reserve supply
fuel and oil shall be carried in order to provide for contingencies and, when an alternate aerodrome or heliport is included in the operational flight plan in accordance with Article 31
this Order, to enable the aircraft to reach the alternate aerodrome or heliport. Fuel and oil supply — commercial transport aircraft and all helicopters. 34.
commercial transport aircraft shall be at least the quantity computed in accordance with the instructions specified in the Operations Manual and in compliance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
this Order, to fly to the aerodrome
intended landing, and thereafter for a period
forty-five minutes; (b) if an alternate aerodrome is required under paragraph
the Article 31
this Order, either (i) to fly to the aerodrome
intended landing, thence to the most critical (in terms
fuel consumption) alternate aerodrome specified in the operational flight plan and thereafter for a period
forty-five minutes, or (ii) to fly to the alternate aerodrome by way
any predetermined point and thereafter for forty-five minutes: provided that this quantity shall not be less than the quantity required to fly to the aerodrome
intended landing and thereafter for either forty-five minutes and fifteen per cent
the flight time planned to be spent at the cruising levels or two hours, whichever is the shorter; (c) where the aerodrome
intended landing is so situated that no suitable alternate aerodrome is available, to fly to the aerodrome
intended landing and thereafter for whichever
the following periods is the shorter— (i) forty-five minutes and fifteen percent
the flight time planned to be spent at the cruising levels, or (ii) two hours.
this Order, to fly to and land at the aerodrome
intended landing and additionally— (
fuel sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
any
the potential contingencies specified by the operator to the satisfaction
the Authority; (b) if an alternate aerodrome is required under paragraph
this Order, either— (i) to fly to and execute and approach, and a missed approach, at the aerodrome
intended landing, and, thereafter, to fly to the alternate aerodrome specified in the flight plan and then to fly for thirty minutes at holding speed at 450 metres (1,500 ft) above the alternate aerodrome under standard temperature conditions, and approach and land, and to have an additional quantity
fuel sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurence
any
the potential contingencies specified by the operator to the satisfaction
the Authority, or (ii) to fly to the alternate aerodrome by way
any predetermined point and thereafter for thirty minutes at 450 metres (1,500 ft) above the alternate aerodrome, due provision having been made for an additional quantity
fuel sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
any
the potential contingencies specified by the operator to the satisfaction
the Authority, provided that fuel shall not be less than the quantity
fuel required to fly to the aerodrome
intended landing and thereafter for two hours at normal cruise consumption; (c) where the aerodrome
intended landing is so situated that no suitable alternate aerodrome is available, to fly to the aerodrome
intended landing and thereafter for a period
two hours at normal cruise consumption.
a helicopter operating under visual flight rules (VFR) conditions the fuel and oil carried shall be at least the amount sufficient to enable the helicopter— (i) to fly to the heliport to which the flight is planned, (ii) to fly thereafter for a period
20 mins at best range speed plus 10 per cent
the planned flight time, and (iii) to have an additional amount
fuel, sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
any potential contingencies for the flight concerned; (b) In the case
a helicopter operating under instrument flight rules (IFR), the fuel and oil carried shall be at least the amount sufficient to enable the helicopter— (i) when an alternate heliport is not required, to fly to the heliport to which the flight is planned and, thereafter, to fly for 30 mins. at holding speed at 1500 ft
fuel, sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
any potential contingencies for the flight concerned; (ii) when an alternate heliport is required, to fly to and execute an approach and a missed approach at the destination heliport to which the flight is planned, and thereafter, to fly to the alternate heliport specified in the flight plan and then to fly for 30 mins at holding speed at 1500 ft
fuel, sufficient to provide for the increased consumption on the occurrence
any potential contingencies for the flight concerned, (iii) when no suitable alternate heliport is available, to fly to the heliport to which the flight is planned and thereafter for a period
two hours at holding speed.
the aircraft by the most practical and expeditious means available; (
the aircraft, during refuelling operations. Fuel and oil supply — other than commercial transport aircraft. 35. In the case
aircraft which are not commercial transport aircraft, such aircraft shall not commence a flight to be conducted in accordance with the Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), unless the quantity
fuel and oil carried on board is sufficient to enable the aircraft to fly to the aerodrome to which the flight is planned, and thence to a destination alternate aerodrome and thereafter for a period
forty-five minutes, or when a destination alternate aerodrome is not required, to fly to the aerodrome to which the flight is planned and thereafter for a period
forty-five minutes. Fuel and oil supply — contingency factors — all aircraft. 36. In computing the fuel and oil required in order to comply with Article 33
this Order, at least the following factors shall be taken into consideration by the pilot-in-command
the aircraft concerned:— (
the loss
pressurisation, where applicable, or the failure
one or more power units en route; and (e) any other conditions that may delay the landing
the aircraft or increase the fuel or oil consumption. Fuel and oil supply — amendment
operational flight plan. 37. Nothing in Articles 33, 34, 35 and 36
this Order shall preclude an amendment
an operational flight plan while the aircraft is in flight in order to re-plan the flight to another aerodrome, provided that, from the point at which the flight is re-planned, the provisions
Articles 33, 34, 35 and 36
this Order, as applicable to the flight concerned, are complied with Oxygen supply — commercial transport aircraft. 38. In the case
a commercial transport aircraft, the operator shall ensure compliance on all flights with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and— (a) a flight with any aircraft which is to be operated at altitudes at which the atmospheric pressure in personnel compartments will be lower than 700 hectopascals shall not be commenced unless sufficient stored breathing oxygen is carried to comply with the requirement
paragraph 5
the First Schedule to this Order; (b) a flight to be operated with a pressurised aircraft shall not be commenced unless a sufficient quantity
stored breathing oxygen is carried to supply all the crew members and passengers as is appropriate to the circumstances
the said flight in accordance with the requirements
paragraph 5
the First Schedule to this Order. Safeguarding
cabin attendants and passengers in the event
loss
pressurisation. 39. An operator
a pressurised commercial transport aeroplane shall ensure that:— (a) crew members assigned to duty in a passenger compartment are safeguarded so that there is a reasonable probability
their retaining consciousness during any emergency descent which may be necessary in the event
loss
pressurisation; (b) cabin attendants have such means
protection as may enable them to administer first aid to passengers during stabilised flight following an emergency; (c) passengers are safeguarded by such devices or operational procedures as will ensure reasonable probability
their surviving the effects
hypoxia in the event
loss
pressurisation. Use
oxygen — all aircraft. 40.
an aircraft in flight shall use continuously the breathing oxygen supplied for their use whenever— (a) in the case
unpressurised aircraft, the circumstances specified in paragraph 5
the First Schedule to this Order prevail for which an oxygen supply is required to be provided for their use; or (b) in the case
pressurised aircraft, the pressure in any compartments occupied by them is less than 700 hectopascals.
25,000 feet (a pressure
less than 376 Hpa) all flight crew members on duty shall have available at their flight duty stations quick-donning oxygen masks which will readily supply oxygen upon demand.
a commercial transport aircraft shall ensure compliance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
the supply and use
supplemental oxygen by the passengers and crew on that aircraft. Oxygen supply — other than commercial transport aircraft. 41. In the case
aircraft other than commercial transport aircraft, the pilot-in-command shall ensure that breathing oxygen is available to crew members and passengers in sufficient quantities for all flights at such altitudes where a lack
oxygen might result in impairment
the faculties
crew members or harmfully affect passengers. Inflight procedures — aerodrome or heliport operating minima — all aircraft. 42.
an aircraft shall not continue a flight towards the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing using aerodrome or heliport operating minima lower than those which may be established for that aerodrome or heliport by the appropriate authority
the state in which the aerodrome or heliport is located, except with the approval
that authority or
the authority which is responsible for a heliport located outside the territory
any state.
emergency, an aircraft shall not continue its approach to land at an aerodrome or heliport beyond a point at which the limits
the aerodrome or heliport operating minima established for that aerodrome or heliport, and applicable to the approach, would be infringed.
f procedures approved for the aerodrome or heliport concerned by the state in which the aerodrome or heliport is located or by the state which is responsible for a heliport when located outside the territory
any state. Inflight procedures — aerodrome or heliport operating minima — commercial transport aircraft. 43.
commercial transport aircraft, a flight shall not be continued towards the aerodrome or heliport
intended landing except in accordance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and unless the latest available information indicates that conditions at that aerodrome or heliport, or at least one destination alternate aerodrome or alternate heliport, will, at the expected time
arrival, be such that a landing can be made in compliance with the aerodrome or heliport operating minima established in accordance with Article 26
this Order.
flights by commercial transport aircraft on scheduled flights, the aerodrome or heliport operating minima used shall be those which are specified in the Operations Manual in accordance with Article 26
this Order.
flights by commercial transport aircraft on other than scheduled flights, aerodrome or heliport operating minima used shall be those determined by the method specified in the Operations Manual in accordance with Article 26
this Order.
aircraft, the route to be flown, the anticipated operating conditions, the location
adequate en-route alternate aerodromes and, in the case
a commercial transport aeroplane, the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
this Article shall not be commenced, unless, during the possible period
arrival thereat, the required en-route alternate aerodrome or aerodromes will be available and the available information indicates that conditions at that or at those aerodromes will be at or above the aerodrome operating minima approved for the operation. Observations and reports in flight. 44.
this Article shall include such details as may be pertinent to the safety
other aircraft. Fitness
flight crew members. 45.
an aircraft shall be responsible for ensuring that a flight— (a) will not be commenced if, in his judgement, any flight crew member is rendered incapable
performing his duties by injury, sickness, fatigue, the effects
physcoactive substances or any other cause; (b) will not be continued beyond an aerodrome at which there is the earliest safe opportunity to land when a flight crew member's capacity to perform his functions is significantly impaired by fatigue, sickness, lack
oxygen or any other cause;
an aircraft shall not undertake his or her duty while incapable
performing that duty due to the effects
injury, sickness, fatigue or the effects
psychoactive substances and shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
fitness, fatigue, drugs or alcohol and shall, furthermore, ensure that such duty is undertaken only within the restrictions
the applicable flight time limitations contained in the operator's Operations Manual or prescribed by the Authority. Flight crew members at duty stations. 46.
f and landing, each flight crew member required to be on duty on the flight deck
an aeroplane shall be at his station.
an aircraft shall remain at his station except when his absence is necessary for the performance
duties in connection with the operation
the aircraft or for physiological needs.
f and landing (and whenever required by the pilot-in-command) each flight crew member at his station shall wear and fasten his safety harness or seat belt, whichever is required by Section 52, except that each flight crew member other than the pilot-in-command and co-pilot may wear and fasten his seat belt only, if the harness straps interfere with the performance
his duties.
seats for which safety harness or shoulder straps are provided shall wear and fasten such safety harness or shoulder straps at all times during such flights. Notification
flight plan change. 47.
a commercial transport aircraft to that aircraft while in flight and which involves a change in the flight plan shall, when practicable, be notified to, and made in agreement with, the appropriate air traffic services unit before transmission to the aircraft. Operational instructions received shall not relieve the pilot-in-command
the aircraft concerned
the responsibility for obtaining an appropriate air traffic control clearance, if applicable, before making a change in flight plan.
the Air) Order, 1999.
pilot-in-command. 48.
a commercial transport aircraft shall, in addition to the requirements specified in Article 45
this Order, comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
his duties during flight time.
an aircraft shall be responsible for the following— (a) the operation, disposition and safety
the aircraft and the safety
all persons on board the aircraft during flight-time; (
any accident involving the aircraft which results in the injury or death
any person or in substantial damage to the aircraft or to other property, or any incident which seriously hazards that aircraft in accordance with Article 11
the Air Navigation (Notification and Investigation
Accidents) Regulations, 1997 ( S.I. No. 205
1997 ); (d) reporting after the termination
the flight any defect in accordance with the requirements
the Irish Aviation Authority (Airworthiness
Aircraft) Orders, 1996 and 1997; (e) reporting to the appropriate authority, without delay, any act
unlawful interference.
this Article, “flight time” means the time from when the pilot-in-command boards the aircraft with the intention
making a flight until the time thereafter when all persons who have boarded the aircraft for the purpose
undertaking the flight, including the pilot-in-command, have left the aircraft, whether the intended flight has taken place or not. Authority
the pilot-in-command. 49.
every aircraft shall have all authority necessary to enable him to discharge the responsibilities placed on him by Article 48
this Order and as required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
the aircraft may give for the purpose
sucuring the safety
the aircraft and
persons or property carried therein, or the safety, efficiency or regularity
air navigation. Duties
a flight operations
ficer. 50.
ficer when employed by an operator
a commercial transport aircraft in conjunction with a method
flight supervision in accordance with Article 22
this Order shall— (
communication, information which may be necessary for the safe conduct
the flight; (d) in the event
an emergency, initiate such procedures as may be outlined in the Operations Manual.
ficer shall avoid taking any action which would conflict with the procedures established by the air traffic services, the meteorological services or the communications services. PART IV Aircraft Operating Limitations Conditions
operation. 51.
its certificate
airworthiness; and (
the Irish Aviation Authority (Noise Certification and Limitation) Order, 1984 ( S.I. No. 13
1984 ), or the applicable noise certification standards in Annex 16 (Vol 1) to the Convention or the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements, if different and, elsewhere, in compliance with Annex 16 to the Convention or with such requirements for noise certification as may be prescribed by the appropriate authority.
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements or as otherwise prescribed by the Authority or, subject to the agreement
the Authority, with all
the appropriate requirements for the time being in force relating to mass and performance
— (i) where applicable, the Federal Aviation Administration, in the United States
America, or (ii) where applicable, the Civil Aviation Authority in the United Kingdom, or (iii) where applicable, the state which issued the original certificate
airworthiness for the type
aircraft concerned, provided that such requirements meet the applicable standards
Annex 6 to the Convention. (b) An aircraft, when conducting international flights, shall, in addition to the requirements
paragraph
Annex 6 to the Convention.
weather and light and over such routes and diversions therefrom that permit a safe forced landing to be executed in the event
an engine failure or as otherwise prescribed by the Authority. The conditions
this paragraph shall also apply to helicopters operated in Performance Class 3 and in Performance Class 2 prior to the defined point after take-
f and after the defined point before landing or as required by the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements; (b) Only helicopters operated in Performance Class 1 shall be permitted to operate from elevated heliports in congested areas.
the loss, if any,
runway length due to the alignment
the aircraft prior to take-
f in determining the length
runway available.
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements will be complied with. Where such information is not available, a commercial transport operation shall comply with the requirements
subparagraph 2(b)
this Article.
charting accuracy in respect
obstacle data provided to permit compliance with take-
f, initial climb, approach and landing flightpaths.
operation,
the effects
extreme environmental conditions, for example low air or surface temperatures, on the calibration and performance
aircraft instrumentation and systems. PART V Aircraft Instruments, Equipment and Safety Devices Carriage
instruments, equipment and safety devices. 52.
a certificate
airworthiness, according to the aircraft use and to the circumstances under which the flight is to be conducted.
a commercial transport aircraft shall include in the Operations Manual a minimum equipment list (MEL), accepted or approved by the Authority, which will enable the pilot-in-command to determine whether a flight may be commenced or continued from any intermediate stop should any instruments equipment or systems become inoperative.
a commercial transport aircraft shall provide operations staff and flight crew with an aircraft operating manual for each aircraft type operated containing the normal, abnormal and emergency procedures relating to the operation
the aircraft. The manual shall include details
the aircraft systems and
the checklists to be used. The design
the manual shall reflect human factors principles.
the aircraft, effect any required procedural manoeuvre, and observe the operating limitations
the aircraft in the expected operating conditions.
securing the safety
the aircraft and
persons therein, shall include those specified in the First Schedule to this Order or prescribed as provided therein and shall also include any additional instruments, equipment and safety devices which the Authority may require to be carried in a particular case or on particular flights; (b) the instruments and equipment referred to in this paragraph shall, unless included amongst those specified in subparagraph (c)
this paragraph, be
approved types and shall be installed or stowed in the aircraft in a manner which shall be approved, which ensures satisfactory functioning and which ensures that they can be used effectively by the person by whom they are intended to be used, as appropriate to the aircraft concerned and to the circumstances under which the flight is to be conducted; (c) the following instruments and equipment, which may be
any type suitable for the purpose, shall be securely installed or stowed in a manner which will not prevent their most effective use when required and will ensure that they cannot be displaced during flight in such a way as to interfere with the safe operation
the aircraft— (
an approved size and shall not be
a type which would cause dangerous contamination
the air in crew compartments or passenger compartments; (e) the first aid kit referred to in subparagraph
paragraph 5
the First Schedule to this Order shall be related in quantity to the total number
persons for whom seats are provided in the aircraft, shall include the items set out in clause (h)
the said subparagraph
the First Schedule to this Order shall be— (
the recorded data; (
retaining the information recorded during at least the last twenty-five hours
its operation, or such other period as may be prescribed; (ii) a cockpit voice recorder shall be capable
retaining the information recorded during at least the last thirty minutes
its operation or such other period as may be prescribed; (iii) an operator shall ensure to the extent possible, in the event that an aircraft becomes involved in an accident or a serious incident, the preservation
all related flight recorded records and, if necessary, the associated flight records and their retention in safe custody pending their disposition as determined by the Authority or the appropriate accident investigation authority; (iv) operational checks and evaluations
recordings from the flight data and cockpit voice recorder systems shall be conducted as prescribed to ensure the continued serviceability
the recorders;
the Authority, conveniently visible for the performance
his duties to any crew member from his normal place
duty, a further such instrument, indicator or guage, so placed as to be conveniently visible to that crew member, shall be provided and installed in the aircraft; (b) independently-operating systems shall be provided when duplicate instruments are required, the said independently-operating systems being such that no one fault, which might impair the operation
one such instrument, can impair the operation
both such instruments; (c) those instruments that are used by any one pilot shall be so arranged as to permit that pilot to see them readily from his station with the minimum practicable deviation from the position and line
vision which he normally assumes when looking forward along the flight path; (d) a flight crew member when exercising the privileges
a licence issued or validated under the Air Navigation (Personnel Licensing) Orders, (1966 to 1999), subject to the condition that he wears suitable correcting lenses, shall have a spare set
such lenses readily available to him when exercising those privileges; (e) where equipment additional to that required in pursuance
paragraph
this Article is installed it shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction
the Authority that the said additional equipment as installed is neither a source
danger nor prejudicial to the proper functioning
the essential services in the aircraft, and does not in any way reduce the airworthiness
the aircraft; Markings
break-in-areas. (f) If areas
the aircraft fuselage suitable for break-in by rescue crews are marked externally, the break-in-areas shall be rectangular in shape and shall be marked by right-angled corner markings, each area
which shall be 9 centimetres in length along its outer edge and 3 centimetres in width and the colour
the markings shall be red or yellow and where, in any case in which the colour
the adjacent background is such as to render red markings not readily visible, be out-lined in white or some other contrasting colour in such a manner as to render them visible; (g) If the corner markings are more than two metres apart intermediate markings consisting
rectangles nine centimetres long by three centimetres wide shall be inserted so that there is not more than two metres between adjacent markings. List
emergency and survival equipment.
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in respect
emergency and survival on board the aircraft and shall at all times have available for immediate communication to rescue co-ordination centres lists containing information regarding the emergency and survival equipment carried on board each
the operator's aircraft engaged on a flight which includes passage over the territory
any state other than the State.
this Article shall include such
the following information as is appropriate in each case, that is to say, the number, colour and type
life-rafts and pyrotechnics, details
emergency medical supplies, water supplies and the type and frequencies
the emergency portable radio equipment.
the Authority that for each flight the number
exits from the aircraft available for use in an emergency is sufficient for all persons on board on that flight to vacate the aircraft within such period
time as may be prescribed or as required under the certification basis for that aircraft or aircraft type.
passengers, all exits and internal doors shall be in working order, and shall, during take-
f or landing or any emergency, be free from obstruction and not fastened in any way which would prevent, hinder or delay their use by passengers, provided that— (
passengers from the aircraft in an emergency.
passengers and the position
the seats occupied by them are in accordance with arrangements approved by the Authority, and that such arrangements include those for the fastening
the exit and the marking
it to indicate that it is inoperative. PART VI Aircraft Communication and Navigation Equipment Communication and navigation equipment to be carried. 54.
the state in which the aircraft is registered.
which it may be at a distance over water more than fifty nautical miles from land suitable for an emergency landing; or (e) over undeveloped land areas, shall be provided with radio communications equipment capable
— (
commercial transport aircraft shall be the operational flight plan referred to in Article 31; (b) the requirements
the air traffic services; (c) the required navigation performance (RNP Type) prescribed by the appropriate authority for the areas and airspace concerned.
adherence to or departure from track to the required degree
accuracy at any point along that track, so as to ensure that the aircraft maintains the required navigation performance (RNP Type) capability specified for the airspace concerned; (
sub-paragraph (a) shall be approved by and installed and maintained in a manner approved by the Authority and the operating procedures
that equipment shall be acceptable to the Authority and the equipment shall be operated in accordance with the accepted procedures while the aircraft is flying in the designated RNAV, MNPS or RVSM airspace concerned.
receiving signals providing guidance to a point from which a visual landing can be effected. The said equipment shall be capable
providing such guidance at each aerodrome or heliport at which it is intended to land in instrument meteorological conditions, and at any designated alternate aerodromes or heliports.
failure
one item
equipment at any stage
the flight, the equipment remaining will enable the aircraft to proceed in accordance with paragraphs
this Article.
any single unit required for either communication or navigation purposes, or both, will not result in the failure
another unit required for communication or navigation purposes.
this Article requires that more than one unit
communications equipment be provided, each such unit shall be independent from the other or others to the extent that a failure in any one unit will not result in the failure
any other.
the Article shall be deemed to be fulfilled (
a handheld type, for use by all members
the flight crew. Approval
equipment. 55. Aircraft radio and navigation equipment shall be
a type approved by the Authority in relation to the purpose for which it is to be used and shall be installed in a manner approved by the Authority. PART VII Aircraft Crew Aircraft Crew Composition and Standards. 56.
a commercial transport aircraft shall assign to each crew member on that aircraft the duties appropriate to his or her functions in both normal and emergency operations.
a commercial transport aircraft shall not assign or continue to assign for duty, as an aircraft crew member on that aircraft, any person who fails to reach standards as specified in the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and as stated by that operator and acceptable to the Authority in relation to competency in the performance
his or her normal duties and
the functions assigned to him or her in an emergency.
the number and description required by the law
the state in which the aircraft is registered; (b) In the case
a commercial transport aircraft, the number and description
the flight crew shall be as required by the provisions
the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements and shall be specified in the Operations Manual and in the case
such aircraft registered in the State, shall be approved by the Authority; (c) The operator, or in the case
an aircraft which is not a commercial transport aircraft, the pilot-in-command, shall ensure that the licences
each flight crew member have been issued or rendered valid by the state in which the aircraft is registered, and are properly rated and
current validitity, and the operator or pilot-in-command, as the case may be, shall be satisfied that the flight crew members have maintained their competency.
airworthiness
the aircraft, the flight manual
the aircraft or other documents acceptable to the Authority as equivalent to the flight manual.
flight crew members, in addition to the minimum number referred to in paragraph
this Article, is necessitated by considerations related to the type
aircraft used, the type
operation involved and the duration
the flight between points at which flight crews are changed, the flight crew carried in an aircraft shall include such additional flight crew members as are required and in compliance with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements.
10 seats or more.
radio transmitting equipment, the flight crew shall include at least one member who is entitled under the Air Navigation (Personnel Licensing) Orders, 1966 to 1999, to operate the type
equipment to be used.
the aircraft, the flight crew shall include at least one flight engineer licensed under the Air Navigation (Personnel Licensing) Orders, 1966 to 1999, and especially assigned to that station, or a flight crew member otherwise approved by the Authority. Flight Crew Member training programme. 57. The operator
a commercial transport aircraft shall comply with the applicable Joint Aviation Requirements in regard to flight crew training and shall to the satisfaction
th
AI explanation based on the official legal text. Indicative, not a substitute for legal advice.