Criminal Justice (Evidence) Act, 1924
In short
This law amends the rules about what evidence can be used in criminal cases, specifically focusing on who can testify and under what conditions. It primarily makes the person accused of a crime, and their spouse, competent witnesses for the defence.
What it regulates
- The ability of an accused person to testify in their own defence.
- The ability of an accused person's spouse to testify in their defence.
- Restrictions on cross-examination of an accused person who testifies.
- When a spouse can be called as a witness for the prosecution or defence without the accused's consent.
Who it concerns
- Persons charged with an offence.
- The wife or husband of a person charged with an offence.
Key points
- A person charged with an offence can only be called as a witness for the defence if they choose to do so.
- The prosecution cannot comment if an accused person or their spouse chooses not to give evidence.
- A spouse cannot be forced to reveal private communications made during the marriage.
- An accused person testifying can be cross-examined, even if it incriminates them, but generally cannot be questioned about past offences or bad character unless specific conditions are met (e.g., they claim good character, or attack the character of prosecution witnesses).
Legal text
Criminal Justice (Evidence) Act, 1924 Skip to content Disclaimer Feedback Helpdesk Gaeilge Léim go dtí an t-ábhar Séanadh Aiseolas Deasc chabhrach English Gaeilge English Produced by the Office of the Attorney General Táirgthe ag Oifig an Ard-Aighne Home Legislation Acts of the Oireachtas Statutory Instruments Pre-1922 Legislation Constitution External Resources Bills (Houses of the Oireachtas) Iris Oifigiúil / Official Gazette Revised Acts (LRC) Classified List of Legislation (LRC) Translations (acts.
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- ie)Aistriúcháin (Tithe an Oireachtais) Foilseacháin Rialtais ar Díol Dlí AE (EUR-Lex) CCanna (Ceisteanna Coitianta) Séanadh Aiseolas Deasc chabhrach Cuardach TitleTeideal Year(
- s)or rangeBliain nó blianta nó raon TypeCineál All Legislation Acts Statutory Instruments Advanced SearchCuardach Casta HomeBaile ActsAchtanna 1924 Criminal Justice (Evidence) Act, 1924 Criminal Justice (Evidence) Act, 1924 Permanent Page URL View by SectionAmharc de réir Ailt View Full ActAmharc ar an Acht Iomlán Bill History Stair Bille Commencement, Amendments, SIs made under the Act Tosach Feidhme, Leasuithe, IRí arna ndéanamh faoin Acht Print Full ActPriontáil an tAcht Iomlán Number 37 of 1924. CRIMINAL JUSTICE (EVIDENCE) ACT, 1924. ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS Section 1. Competency of witnesses in criminal cases. 2. Evidence of person charged. 3. Right of reply. 4. Calling of wife or husband in certain cases. 5. Provision as to previous Acts. 6. Short title. SCHEDULE. Number 37 of 1924. CRIMINAL JUSTICE (EVIDENCE) ACT, 1924. AN ACT TO AMEND THE LAW OF EVIDENCE IN CRIMINAL CASES. [1st August, 1924.] BE IT ENACTED BY THE OIREACHTAS OF SAORSTÁT EIREANN AS FOLLOWS:— Competency of witnesses in criminal cases. 1.—Every person charged with an offence, and the wife or husband, as the case may be, of the person so charged, shall be a competent witness for the defence at every stage of the proceedings, whether the person so charged is charged solely or jointly with any other person: Provided as follows:— (
- a)a person so charged shall not be called as a witness in pursuance of this Act except upon his own application: (
- b)the failure of any person charged with an offence, or of the wife or husband, as the case may be, of the person so charged, to give evidence shall not be made the subject of any comment by the prosecution: (
- c)the wife or husband of the person charged shall not, save as in this Act mentioned, be called as a witness in pursuance of this Act except upon the application of the person so charged: (
- d)nothing in this Act shall make a husband compellable to disclose any communication made to him by his wife during the marriage, or a wife compellable to disclose any communication made to her by her husband during the marriage: (
- e)a person charged and being a witness in pursuance of this Act may be asked any question in cross-examination notwithstanding that it would tend to criminate him as to the offence charged: (
- f)a person charged and called as a witness in pursuance of this Act shall not be asked, and if asked shall not be required to answer, any question tending to show that he has committed or been convicted of or been charged with any offence other than that wherewith he is then charged, or is of bad character, unless— (
- i)the proof that he has committed or been convicted of such other offence is admissible evidence to show that he is guilty of the offence wherewith he is then charged; or (
- ii)he has personally or by his advocate asked questions of the witnesses for the prosecution with a view to establish his own good character, or has given evidence of his good character, or the nature or conduct of the defence is such as to involve imputations on the character of the prosecutor or the witnesses for the prosecution; or (iii) he has given evidence against any other person charged with the same offence: (
- g)every person called as a witness in pursuance of this Act shall, unless otherwise ordered by the court, give his evidence from the witness box or other place from which the other witnesses give their evidence: (
- h)nothing in this Act shall affect the right of the person charged to make a statement without being sworn. Evidence of person charged. 2.—Where the only witness to the facts of the case called by the defence is the person charged, he shall be called as a witness immediately after the close of the evidence for the prosecution. Right of reply. 3.—In cases where the right of reply depends upon the question whether evidence has been called for the defence, the fact that the person charged has been called as a witness shall not of itself confer on the prosecution the right of reply. Calling of wife or husband in certain cases. 4.—
- The Vagrancy (Ireland) Act, 1847 . Section
- 24 & 25 Vic. c.
- The Offences against the Person Act, 1861 . Sections 48, 52, 53 and 54 so far as unrepealed and section
- 45 & 46 Vic. c.
- The Married Women's Property Act,
- Section 12 and section
- 4 Edw. VII. c.
- The Prevention of Cruelty to Children Act,
- The whole Act. Privacy Statement Accessibility European Legislation Identifier (PDF) Open Data License Ráiteas Príobháideachais Inrochtaineacht Aitheantóir Eorpach Reachtaíochta (ELI) Ceadúnas Sonraí Oscailte Liosta Fianán © Government of Ireland. Oireachtas Copyright Material is reproduced with the permission of the Houses of the Oireachtas © Rialtas na hÉireann. Atáirgtear ábhar faoi Chóipcheart le cead ó Thithe an Oireachtais