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Susitarimas dėl 1982 m

Susitarimas dėl 1982 m AGREEMENT on the implementation of the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the conservation and management of strad

Article 1

(2)(b), and shall remain open for signature at United Nations Headquarters for 12 months from the 4 December 1995. Article 38 Ratification This Agreement is subject to ratification by States and

Article 1(2)(b).

The instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Article 39 Accession This Agreement shall remain open for accession by States and

Article 1(2)(b).

The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Article 40 Entry into force

  1. This Agreement shall enter into force 30 days after the date of deposit of the 30th instrument of ratification or accession.
  2. For each State or entity which ratifies the Agreement or accedes thereto after the deposit of the 30th instrument of ratification or accession, this Agreement shall enter into force on the 30th day following the deposit of its instrument of ratification or accession. Article 41 Provisional application
  3. This Agreement shall be applied provisionally by a State or entity which consents to its provisional application by so notifying the depositary in writing. Such provisional application shall become effective from the date of receipt of the notification.
  4. Provisional application by a State or entity shall terminate on the entry into force of this agreement for that State or entity or on notification by that State or entity to the depositary in writing of its intention to terminate provisional application. Article 42 Reservations and exceptions No reservations or exceptions may be made to this Agreement. Article 43 Declarations and statements Article 42 does not preclude a State or entity, when signing, ratifying or acceding to this Agreement, from making declarations or statements, however phrased or named, with a view, inter alia, to the harmonisation of its laws and regulations with the provisions of this Agreement, provided that such declarations or statements do not purport to exclude or to modify the legal effect of the provisions of this Agreement in their application to that State or entity. Article 44 Relation to other agreements
  5. This Agreement shall not alter the rights and obligations of States Parties which arise from other agreements compatible with this Agreement and which do not affect the enjoyment by other States Parties of their rights or the performance of their obligations under this Agreement.
  6. Two or more States Parties may conclude agreements modifying or suspending the operation of provisions of this Agreement, applicable solely to the relations between them, provided that such agreements do not relate to a provision derogation from which is incompatible with the effective execution of the object and purpose of this Agreement, and provided further that such agreements shall not affect the application of the basic principles embodied herein, and that the provisions of such agreements do not affect the enjoyment by other States Parties of their rights or the performance of their obligations under this Agreement.
  7. States Parties intending to conclude an agreement referred to in paragraph 2 shall notify the other States Parties through the depositary of this Agreement of their intention to conclude the agreement and of the modification or suspension for which it provides. Article 45 Amendment
  8. A State Party may, by written communication addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, propose amendments to this Agreement and request the convening of a conference to consider such proposed amendments. The Secretary-General shall circulate such communication to all States Parties. If, within six months from the date of the circulation of the communication, not less than one half of the States Parties reply favourably to the request, the Secretary-General shall convene the conference.
  9. The decision-making procedure applicable at the amendment conference convened pursuant to paragraph 1 shall be the same as that applicable at the United Nations Conference on Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, unless otherwise decided by the conference. The conference should make every effort to reach agreement on any amendments by way of consensus and there should be no voting on them until all efforts at consensus have been exhausted.
  10. Once adopted, amendments to this agreement shall be open for signature at United Nations Headquarters by States Parties for 12 months from the date of adoption, unless otherwise provided in the amendment itself.
  11. Articles 38, 39, 47 and 50 apply to all amendments to this Agreement.
  12. Amendments to this Agreement shall enter into force for the States Parties ratifying or acceding to them on the 30th day following the deposit of instruments of ratification or accession by two thirds of the States Parties. Thereafter, for each State Party ratifying or acceding to an amendment after the deposit of the required number of such instruments, the amendment shall enter into force on the 30th day following the deposit of its instrument of ratification or accession.
  13. An amendment may provide that a smaller or a larger number of ratifications or accessions shall be required for its entry into force than are required by this Article.
  14. A State which becomes a Party to this Agreement after the entry into force of amendments in accordance with paragraph 5 shall, failing an expression of a different intention by that State: (a) be considered as a Party to this Agreement as so amended; (b) be considered as a Party to the unamended Agreement in relation to any State Party not bound by the amendment. Article 46 Denunciation
  15. A State Party may, by written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, denounce this Agreement and may indicate its reasons. Failure to indicate reasons shall not affect the validity of the denunciation. The denunciation shall take effect one year after the date of receipt of the notification, unless the notification specifies a later date.
  16. The denunciation shall not in any way affect the duty of any State Party to fulfil any obligation embodied in this Agreement to which it would be subject under international law independently of this Agreement. Article 47 Participation by international organisations
  17. In cases where an international organisation referred to in Annex IX, Article 1, of the Convention does not have competence over all the matters governed by this Agreement, Annex IX to the Convention shall apply mutatis mutandis to participation by such international organisation in this Agreement, except that the following provisions of that Annex shall not apply: (a) Article 2, first sentence; (b) Article 3

(1). 2. In cases where an international organisation referred to in Annex IX, Article 1, of the Convention has competence over all the matters governed by this Agreement, the following provisions shall apply to participation by such international organisation in this Agreement: (
  1. a)at the time of signature or accession, such international organisation shall make a declaration stating: (
  2. i)that it has competence over all the matters governed by this Agreement; (
  3. ii)that, for this reason, its Member States shall not become States Parties, except in respect of their territories for which the international organisation has no responsibility; (iii) that it accepts the rights and obligations of States under this Agreement; (
  4. b)participation of such an international organisation shall in no case confer any rights under this Agreement on Member States of the international organisation; (
  5. c)in the event of a conflict between the obligations of an international organisation under this Agreement and its obligations under the agreement establishing the international organisation or any acts relating to it, the obligations under this Agreement shall prevail. Article 48 Annexes 1. The Annexes form an integral part of this Agreement and, unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to this Agreement or to one of its Parts includes a reference to the Annexes relating thereto. 2. The Annexes may be revised from time to time by States Parties. Such revisions shall be based on scientific and technical considerations. Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 45, if a revision to an Annex is adopted by consensus at a meeting of States Parties, it shall be incorporated in this Agreement and shall take effect from the date of its adoption or from such other date as may be specified in the revision. If a revision to an Annex is not adopted by consensus at such a meeting, the amendment procedures set out in Article 45 shall apply. Article 49 Depositary The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the depositary of this Agreement and any amendments or revisions thereto. Article 50 Authentic texts The Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of this Agreement are equally authentic. In witness whereof, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly authorised thereto, have signed this Agreement. Opened for signature at New York, this fourth day of December, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-five, in a single original, in the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish languages. ______________ Annex I STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COLLECTION AND SHARING OF DATA Article 1 General principles 1. The timely collection, compilation and analysis of data are fundamental to the effective conservation and management of straddling fish stocks and highly migratory fish stocks. To this end, data from fisheries for these stocks on the high seas and those in areas under national jurisdiction are required and should be collected and compiled in such a way as to enable statistically meaningful analysis for the purposes of fishery resource conservation and management. These data include catch and fishing effort statistics and other fishery-related information, such as vessel-related and other data for standardising fishing effort. Data collected should also include information on non-target and associated or dependent species. All data should be verified to ensure accuracy. Confidentiality of non-aggregated data shall be maintained. The dissemination of such data shall be subject to the terms on which they have been provided. 2. Assistance, including training as well as financial and technical assistance, shall be provided to developing States in order to build capacity in the field of conservation and management of living marine resources. Assistance should focus on enhancing capacity to implement data collection and verification, observer programmes, data analysis and research projects supporting stock assessments. The fullest possible involvement of developing State scientists and managers in conservation and management of straddling fish stocks and highly migratory fish stocks should be promoted. Article 2 Principles of data collection, compilation and exchange The following general principles should be considered in defining the parameters for collection, compilation and exchange of data from fishing operations for straddling fish stocks and highly migratory fish stocks: (
  6. a)States should ensure that data are collected from vessels flying their flag on fishing activities according to the operational characteristics of each fishing method (e.g., each individual tow for trawl, each set for long-line and purse-seine, each school fished for pole-and-line and each day fished for troll) and in sufficient detail to facilitate effective stock assessment; (
  7. b)States should ensure that fishery data are verified through an appropriate system; (
  8. c)States should compile fishery-related and other supporting scientific data and provide them in an agreed format and in a timely manner to the relevant subregional or regional fisheries management organisation or arrangement where one exists. Otherwise, States should cooperate to exchange data either directly or through such other cooperative mechanisms as may be agreed among them; (
  9. d)States should agree, within the framework of subregional or regional fisheries management organisations or arrangements, or otherwise, on the specification of data and the format in which they are to be provided, in accordance with this Annex and taking into account the nature of the stocks and the fisheries for those stocks in the region. Such organisations or arrangements should request non-members or non-participants to provide data concerning relevant fishing activities by vessels flying their flag; (
  10. e)such organisations or arrangements shall compile data and make them available in a timely manner and in an agreed format to all interested States under the terms and conditions established by the organisation or arrangement; and (
  11. f)scientists of the flag State and from the relevant subregional or regional fisheries management organisation or arrangement should analyse the data separately or jointly, as appropriate. Article 3 Basic fishery data 1. States shall collect and make available to the relevant subregional or regional fisheries management organisation or arrangement the following types of data in sufficient detail to facilitate effective stock assessment in accordance with agreed procedures: (
  12. a)time series of catch and effort statistics by fishery and fleet; (
  13. b)total catch in number, nominal weight, or both, by species (both target and non-target) as is appropriate to each fishery. (Nominal weight is defined by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations as the live-weight equivalent of the landings); (
  14. c)discard statistics, including estimates where necessary, reported as number or nominal weight by species, as is appropriate to each fishery; (
  15. d)effort statistics appropriate to each fishing method; (
  16. e)fishing location, date and time fished and other statistics on fishing operations as appropriate. 2. States shall also collect where appropriate and provide to the relevant subregional or regional fisheries management organisation or arrangement information to support stock assessment, including: (
  17. a)composition of the catch according to length, weight and sex; (
  18. b)other biological information supporting stock assessments, such as information on age, growth, recruitment, distribution and stock identity; (
  19. c)other relevant research, including surveys of abundance, biomass surveys, hydro-acoustic surveys, research on environmental factors affecting stock abundance, and oceanographic and ecological studies. Article 4 Vessel data and information 1. States should collect the following types of vessel-related data for standardising fleet composition and vessel fishing power and for converting between different measures of effort in the analysis of catch and effort data: (
  20. a)vessel identification, flag and port of registry; (
  21. b)vessel type; (
  22. c)vessel specifications (e.g., material of construction, date built, registered length, gross registered tonnage, power of main engines, hold capacity and catch storage methods); (
  23. d)fishing gear description (e.g., types, gear specifications and quantity). 2. The flag State will collect the following information: (
  24. a)navigation and position fixing aids; (
  25. b)communication equipment and international radio call sign; (
  26. c)crew size. Article 5 Reporting A State shall ensure that vessels flying its flag sends to its national fisheries administration and, where agreed, to the relevant subregional or regional fisheries management organisation or arrangement, logbook-data on catch and effort, including data on fishing operations on the high seas, at sufficiently frequent intervals to meet national requirements and regional and international obligations. Such data shall be transmitted, where necessary, by radio, telex, fax or satellite transmission or by other means. Article 6 Data verification States or, as appropriate, subregional or regional fisheries management organisations or arrangements should establish mechanisms for verifying fishery data, such as: (
  27. a)position verification through vessel monitoring systems; (
  28. b)scientific observer programmes to monitor catch, effort, catch composition (target and non-target) and other details of fishing operations; (
  29. c)vessel trip, landing and transshipment reports; (
  30. d)port sampling. Article 7 Data exchange 1. Data collected by flag States must be shared with other flag States and relevant coastal States through appropriate subregional or regional fisheries management organisations or arrangements. Such organisations or arrangements shall compile data and make them available in a timely manner and in an agreed format to all interested States under the terms and conditions established by the organisation or arrangement, while maintaining confidentiality of non-aggregated data, and should, to the extent feasible, develop database systems which provide efficient access to data. 2. At the global level, collection and dissemination of data should be effected through the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. Where a subregional or regional fisheries management organisation or arrangement does not exist, that organization may also do the same at the subregional or regional level by arrangement with the States concerned. _________________ Annex II GUIDELINES FOR THE APPLICATION OF PRECAUTIONARY REFERENCE POINTS IN CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF STRADDLING FISH STOCKS AND HIGHLY MIGRATORY FISH STOCKS 1. A precautionary reference point is an estimated value derived through an agreed scientific procedure, which corresponds to the state of the resource and of the fishery, and which can be used as a guide for fisheries management. 2. Two types of precautionary reference points should be used: conservation, or limit, reference points and management, or target, reference points. Limit reference points set boundaries which are intended to constrain harvesting within safe biological limits within which the stocks can produce maximum sustainable yield. Target reference points are intended to meet management objectives. 3. Precautionary reference points should be stock-specific to account, inter alia, for the reproductive capacity, the resilience of each stock and the characteristics of fisheries exploiting the stock, as well as other sources of mortality and major sources of uncertainty. 4. Management strategies shall seek to maintain or restore populations of harvested stocks, and where necessary associated or dependent species, at levels consistent with previously agreed precautionary reference points. Such reference points shall be used to trigger pre-agreed conservation and management action. Management strategies shall include measures which can be implemented when precautionary reference points are approached. 5. Fishery management strategies shall ensure that the risk of exceeding limit reference points is very low. If a stock falls below a limit reference point or is at risk of falling below such a reference point, conservation and management action should be initiated to facilitate stock recovery. Fishery management strategies shall ensure that target reference points are not exceeded on average. 6. When information for determining reference points for a fishery is poor or absent, provisional reference points shall be set. Provisional reference points may be established by analogy to similar and better-known stocks. In such situations, the fishery shall be subject to enhanced monitoring so as to enable revision of provisional reference points as improved information becomes available. 7. The fishing mortality rate which generates maximum sustainable yield should be regarded as a minimum standard for limit reference points. For stocks which are not overfished, fishery management strategies shall ensure that fishing mortality does not exceed that which corresponds to maximum sustainable yield, and that the biomass does not fall below a predefined threshold. For overfished stocks, the biomass which would produce maximum sustainable yield can serve as a rebuilding target. ____________________

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