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PROGRAMME FOR THE RESTITUTION OF THE TYPICAL FRAGMENTS OF THE VILNIUS HISTORICAL GHETTO

PROGRAMME FOR THE RESTITUTION OF THE TYPICAL FRAGMENTS OF THE VILNIUS HISTORICAL GHETTO APPROVED by Resolution No. 1496 of 25 September 2002 of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania PROGRAMME FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORICAL GHETTO OF VILNIUS I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

  1. Material values and memorial locations created by Jews shall be a constituent part of the Lithuanian cultural heritage.
  2. Vilnius, the capital city of Lithuania, is extremely significant to the history of the world Jewish community. Since the 18th century Vilnius has become the European Jewish centre and has acquired the name of Jerusalem of Lithuania. The Jewish community of Vilnius is well known for its prominent figures of science and culture, capable craftsmen, best religious and secular traditions. With long centuries of living and creating in Vilnius it has come to shape a part of the city of Vilnius that organically formed a constituent part of the community life of the whole city and its urban structure.
  3. Having suffered from World War II and the post-war period the Old Town of Vilnius has, nonetheless, preserved the general urban characteristics and peculiarities of a city of the Middle Ages. Due to its immense historic, urban, and architectural value the Old Town of Vilnius was declared a cultural monument by Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania No. 612 of 19 May 1998 On the Declaration as Cultural Monuments of Immovable Cultural Values (Parliamentary Records, 1998, No. 49-1342), and, as a result, it was included into the list of the world cultural and natural heritage. The approved project for the rehabilitation of the Old Town of Vilnius formalised a strategy for the preservation of the surviving authentic whole while restoring the damaged urban composition.
  4. Vilnius has preserved traces of the Jewish culture shattered by historical disasters. These traces include historical quarters densely populated by Jews and their lost essential parts, the restoration of which testify to the commitment of the state and society of Lithuania to preserve and commemorate the Jewish cultural values created in Lithuania throughout the centuries. The restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius does not question the current ownership of immovable property and falls into line with the general tendency of the Old Town restoration. The following fragments of the Old Town of Vilnius have been selected for restoration: 4.
  5. Locations of buildings in quarter 55 destroyed during World War II or pulled down in the Soviet times (southern part of the quarter – unbuilt territory amongst the streets of Mėsinių, Dysnos, Rūdininkų and the Contemporary Art Centre) and in quarter 60 (the territory bounded by the streets of Ašmenos, Mėsinių, and Dysnos). On the basis of the surviving historiographical, iconographical, and archaeological material the urban texture of quarters and the picture of streets are being restored, the architecture of pulled-down buildings, essential features of the interior spaces of small butcher’s shops and the interior of a Jewish bank are being re-established. The rebuilt buildings shall potentially be designated as residential apartments and (or) hotels, establishments providing trading, public catering, and other commercial services; 4.
  6. Location of the Grand Synagogue, schoolyard and library, the house of Gaon Eliyahu of Vilnius in quarter 32 (territory next to the existing kindergarten beside Žydų Street, former plot of the Grand Synagogue), also demolished fragments with the Ramaileso Lane (Arcade) and typical arches of M.Antokolskio Street of quarter 33 (unbuilt territory between Žydų and M.Antokolskio Streets) and quarter 34 (unbuilt territory beside M.Antokolskio Street). Based on the surviving numerous historiographical, iconographical, and archaeological material the urban texture and the picture of streets are being restored to a maximum extent, the architecture of demolished buildings and interior fragments are being re-established, the surviving cellars or parts of constructions presently below the current land surface are being conserved, restored and adapted. The rehabilitation of this particular part of the Old Town of Vilnius aims at the restitution of the cultural and spiritual whole of the Vilnius Jewish centre by way of providing a memorial background, re-establishing fragments of the residential and commercial environment, equipping shops, establishments and workshops providing a variety of services, hotels and residential apartments for townspeople; 4.
  7. Quarter 37 that was heavily damaged during World War II and completely destroyed in the post-war period when the remains had been demolished (unbuilt territory amongst Šv. Jono, Gaono and Švarco Streets). In this part the most significant task is to restore the historical buildings with the tower of the ghetto gate beside Šv. Jono Street. Their ground floors are intended for stores, restaurants and cafeterias, offices and workshops providing a variety of services whereas the upper floors will be turned into residential apartments and hotel premises. Such a choice has been predetermined by an aspiration to commemorate the Jewish cultural and religious centre, reveal the Jewish lifestyle, urban and architectural peculiarities of the historical ghetto. The restoration will be based on the archaeological and historical research data by regenerating destroyed urban structures. Main façades of buildings, the most typical alleys and lanes will have to preserve attributes of the Jewish lifestyle – colours, advertisement signs, notices, and other small elements whereas the interiors and yards of buildings will be treated with greater freedom. The restored fragments shall fall into two groups: entities paying tribute to the Jewish culture and devoted to satisfy the needs of the Jewish community, and entities devoted to meet commercial goals of investors.
  8. A feasibility study for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the Vilnius historical ghetto was completed in 2000 by a public company The Institute of Monument Restoration. II. OBJECTIVES AND TASKS
  9. Key objectives of the Programme for the Restoration of the Characteristic Elements of the Historical Ghetto of Vilnius shall be the following: 6.
  10. to preserve and commemorate the surviving Jewish cultural heritage created in the Old Town of Vilnius throughout the centuries, to highlight the urban, architectural, and ethnographic singularity of the town quarters populated by the Jewish.
  12. to perpetuate, architecturally restore and reconstruct the former Jewish culture and religion centre of Vilnius and to show its historic importance to Vilnius, Lithuania and the world. 6.
  13. to restore and integrate the disfigured urban structure and architectural picture of the important area of the city into the urban unity as provided in the Vilnius Old Town Regeneration Plan and the Vilnius Old Town Revival Strategy. 6.
  14. to guarantee access, attractiveness and importance of the Jewish cultural heritage of Vilnius with the aim of intensively developing education and cultural tourism.
  15. Key tasks of the implementation of the Programme shall be the following: 7.
  16. to accelerate and carry out preservation, restoration and reconstruction works in the historical ghetto of the Old Town of Vilnius in a systematic and effective way. 7.
  17. to involve the world Jewish community, youth, organisations and foundations for cultural heritage preservation in the implementation of the Programme. 7.
  18. to attract Lithuanian and foreign business and investment to the preservation and revival works of the Old Town of Vilnius on a larger scale; 7.
  19. to restore the Jewish cultural and religious centre in Vilnius. III. III. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROGRAMME
  20. The implementation stages of the Programme shall be the following: 8.
  21. during the first stage (4th quarter 2002 – 4th quarter 2003) it is planned: 8.1.
  22. to develop and approve detailed plans of selected plots in the Old Town of Vilnius wherein the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius will be restored (quarters 32, 33, 34, 37 and 55) and to identify the designation of the plots according to procedures prescribed by law; 8.1.
  23. to transfer public property for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius on trust to the Vilnius municipality (to the exclusion of a plot for the Grand Synagogue of Vilnius as indicated in paragraph 4.2); 8.1.
  24. to settle lease issues of a public plot in quarter 60 selected for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius (pursuant to the provisions of monument preservation, management and use) in co-ordination with the Jewish Cultural Heritage Support Fund of Lithuania; 8.1.
  25. to develop implementation measures of the second stage of the Programme for the Restoration of the Characteristic Elements of the Historical Ghetto of Vilnius; 8.1.
  26. to arrange an exposition ‘Vilnius – the lost Jerusalem of the North’; 8.
  27. during the second stage (1st quarter 2004 – 2nd quarter 2005) it is planned: 8.2.
  28. to seek investment to the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius and to accumulate funds in a special bank account of the Jewish Cultural Heritage Support Fund of Lithuania; 8.2.
  29. to select priority entities for preservation and restoration, to develop and approve the international tender provisions pursuant to the Resolution No VIII-1947 of the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania ‘On the Restoration of the Characteristic Elements of the Historical Ghetto of Vilnius’ of 19 September
  30. 8.2.
  31. to conclude lease contracts of plots designated for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius with investors according to procedures prescribed by law; 8.2.
  32. to conduct thorough (archaeological, historical, architectural, art and other) research on the plots designated for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius; 8.2.
  33. to carry out works of the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius according to the approved projects; 8.
  34. during the third stage (3rd quarter 2005 – 2nd quarter 2008) it is planned: 8.3.
  35. to carry out restoration works of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius according to the approved projects; 8.3.
  36. to accept the restored buildings for use and register them with the Real Property Register. IV. IMPLEMENTATION AND CO-ORDINATION OF THE PROGRAMME
  37. The implementing body of the Programme shall be the Vilnius Municipality in co-operation with the Jewish Cultural Heritage Support Fund of Lithuania.
  38. The implementation of the Programme shall be co-ordinated by the Steering Council of the Programme for the Restoration of the Characteristic Elements of the Historical Ghetto of Vilnius. V. FUNDING OF THE PROGRAMME
  39. The implementation of the Programme may receive funding from the Vilnius Municipality, natural and legal person of the Republic of Lithuania and foreign states, the Jewish Cultural Heritage Support Fund of Lithuania. ______________ APPROVED by Resolution No. 1496 of 25 September 2002 of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania IMPLEMENTATION MEASURES OF THE FIRST STAGE OF THE PROGRAMME FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE HISTORICAL GHETTO OF VILNIUS Definition of Measure Measure Implementing Body Terms of Execution Time Funding Source
  40. to develop and approve detailed plans of selected plots in the Old Town of Vilnius wherein the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius will be restored (quarters 32, 33, 34, 37 and 55) and to identify the designation of the plots according to procedures prescribed by law Vilnius Municipality, Vilnius County Governor 3rd quarter 2003 Vilnius Municipality
  41. to settle lease issues of a public plot in quarter 60 selected for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius (Vilnius Municipality Territory Planning Documents Register No. 01) Vilnius Municipality, Vilnius County Governor 4th quarter 2002 Vilnius Municipality
  42. to transfer public property for the restoration of the characteristic elements of the historical ghetto of Vilnius on trust to the Vilnius municipality (to the exclusion of a plot of the Grand Synagogue of Vilnius Vilnius County Governor 4th quarter 2003
  43. to arrange an exposition ‘Vilnius – the lost Jerusalem of the North’ The Vilna Gaon Jewish State Museum 4th quarter 2003 The Vilna Gaona Jewish State Museum 5.to develop implementation measures of the second stage of the Programme for the Restoration of the Characteristic Elements of the Historical Ghetto of Vilnius Vilnius Municipality, the Jewish Cultural Heritage Support Fund of Lithuania 4th quarter 2003 ______________

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