Ez a törvény a környezetben tartósan megmaradó szerves szennyező anyagokról szóló Stockholmi Egyezmény kihirdetéséről szól, és célja az emberi egészség és a környezet védelme ezektől a szennyező anyagoktól.
release, where they accumulate in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, Aware
the health concerns, especially in developing countries, resulting from local exposure to persistent organic pollutants, in particular impacts upon women and, through them, upon future generations, Acknowledging that the Arctic ecosystems and indigenous communities are particularly at risk because
the biomagnification
persistent organic pollutants and that contamination
their traditional foods is a public health issue, Conscious
the need for global action on persistent organic pollutants, Mindful
decision 19/13 C
7 February 1997
the Governing Council
the United Nations Environment Programme to initiate international action to protect human health and the environment through measures which will reduce and/or eliminate emissions and discharges
persistent organic pollutants, Recalling the pertinent provisions
the relevant international environmental conventions, especially the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, and the Basel Convention on the Control
Transboundary Movements
Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal including the regional agreements developed within the framework
its Article 11, Recalling also the pertinent provisions
the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and Agenda 21, Acknowledging that precaution underlies the concerns
all the Parties and is embedded within this Convention, Recognizing that this Convention and other international agreements in the field
trade and the environment are mutually supportive, Reaffirming that States have, in accordance with the Charter
the United Nations and the principles
international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and developmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment
other States or
areas beyond the limits
national jurisdiction, Taking into account the circumstances and particular requirements
developing countries, in particular the least developed among them, and countries with economies in transition, especially the need to strengthen their national capabilities for the management
chemicals, including through the transfer
technology, the provision
financial and technical assistance and the promotion
cooperation among the Parties, Taking full account
the Programme
Action for the Sustainable Development
Small Island Developing States, adopted in Barbados on 6 May 1994, Noting the respective capabilities
developed and developing countries, as well as the common but differentiated responsibilities
States as set forth in Principle 7
the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Recognizing the important contribution that the private sector and non-governmental organizations can make to achieving the reduction and/or elimination
emissions and discharges
persistent organic pollutants, Underlining the importance
manufacturers
persistent organic pollutants taking responsibility for reducing adverse effects caused by their products and for providing information to users, Governments and the public on the hazardous properties
those chemicals, Conscious
the need to take measures to prevent adverse effects caused by persistent organic pollutants at all stages
their life cycle, Reaffirming Principle 16
the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development which states that national authorities should endeavour to promote the internalization
environmental costs and the use
economic instruments, taking into account the approach that the polluter should, in principle, bear the cost
pollution, with due regard to the public interest and without distorting international trade and investment, Encouraging Parties not having regulatory and assessment schemes for pesticides and industrial chemicals to develop such schemes, Recognizing the importance
developing and using environmentally sound alternative processes and chemicals, Determined to protect human health and the environment from the harmful impacts
persistent organic pollutants, Have agreed as follows: Article 1 Objective Mindful
the precautionary approach as set forth in Principle 15
the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the objective
this Convention is to protect human health and the environment from persistent organic pollutants. Article 2 Definitions For the purposes
this Convention: (
a given region to which its member States have transferred competence in respect
matters governed by this Convention and which has been duly authorized, in accordance with its internal procedures, to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention; (
the chemicals listed in Annex A subject to the provisions
that Annex; and (ii) Its import and export
the chemicals listed in Annex A in accordance with the provisions
paragraph 2; and (b) Restrict its production and use
the chemicals listed in Annex B in accordance with the provisions
that Annex. 2. Each Party shall take measures to ensure: (
environmentally sound disposal as set forth in paragraph 1 (d)
; or (
environmentally sound disposal as set forth in paragraph 1 (d)
; (ii) To a Party which is permitted to use that chemical under Annex A or Annex B; or (iii) To a State not Party to this Convention which has provided an annual certification to the exporting Party. Such certification shall specify the intended use
the chemical and include a statement that, with respect to that chemical, the importing State is committed to: a. Protect human health and the environment by taking the necessary measures to minimize or prevent releases; b. Comply with the provisions
paragraph 1
Comply, where appropriate, with the provisions
paragraph 2
Annex B. The certification shall also include any appropriate supporting documentation, such as legislation, regulatory instruments, or administrative or policy guidelines. The exporting Party shall transmit the certification to the Secretariat within sixty days
receipt. (c) That a chemical listed in Annex A, for which production and use specific exemptions are no longer in effect for any Party, is not exported from it except for the purpose
environmentally sound disposal as set forth in paragraph 1 (d)
; (d) For the purposes
this paragraph, the term „State not Party to this Convention” shall include, with respect to a particular chemical, a State or regional economic integration organization that has not agreed to be bound by the Convention with respect to that chemical. 3. Each Party that has one or more regulatory and assessment schemes for new pesticides or new industrial chemicals shall take measures to regulate with the aim
preventing the production and use
new pesticides or new industrial chemicals which, taking into consideration the criteria in paragraph 1
Annex D, exhibit the characteristics
persistent organic pollutants. 4. Each Party that has one or more regulatory and assessment schemes for pesticides or industrial chemicals shall, where appropriate, take into consideration within these schemes the criteria in paragraph 1
Annex D when conducting assessments
pesticides or industrial chemicals currently in use. 5. Except as otherwise provided in this Convention, paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply to quantities
a chemical to be used for laboratory-scale research or as a reference standard. 6. Any Party that has a specific exemption in accordance with Annex A or a specific exemption or an acceptable purpose in accordance with Annex B shall take appropriate measures to ensure that any production or use under such exemption or purpose is carried out in a manner that prevents or minimizes human exposure and release into the environment. For exempted uses or acceptable purposes that involve intentional release into the environment under conditions
normal use, such release shall be to the minimum extent necessary, taking into account any applicable standards and guidelines. Article 4 Register
specific exemptions 1. A Register is hereby established for the purpose
identifying the Parties that have specific exemptions listed in Annex A or Annex B. It shall not identify Parties that make use
the provisions in Annex A or Annex B that may be exercised by all Parties. The Register shall be maintained by the Secretariat and shall be available to the public. 2. The Register shall include: (a) A list
the types
specific exemptions reproduced from Annex A and Annex B; (b) A list
the Parties that have a specific exemption listed under Annex A or Annex B; and (c) A list
the expiry dates for each registered specific exemption. 3. Any State may, on becoming a Party, by means
a notification in writing to the Secretariat, register for one or more types
specific exemptions listed in Annex A or Annex B. 4. Unless an earlier date is indicated in the Register by a Party, or an extension is granted pursuant to paragraph 7, all registrations
specific exemptions shall expire five years after the date
entry into force
this Convention with respect to a particular chemical. 5. At its first meeting, the Conference
the Parties shall decide upon its review process for the entries in the Register. 6. Prior to a review
an entry in the Register, the Party concerned shall submit a report to the Secretariat justifying its continuing need for registration
that exemption. The report shall be circulated by the Secretariat to all Parties. The review
a registration shall be carried out on the basis
all available information. Thereupon, the Conference
the Parties may make such recommendations to the Party concerned as it deems appropriate. 7. The Conference
the Parties may, upon request from the Party concerned, decide to extend the expiry date
a specific exemption for a period
up to five years. In making its decision, the Conference
the Parties shall take due account
the special circumstances
the developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition.
specific exemption, no new registrations may be made with respect to it. Article 5 Measures to reduce or eliminate releases from unintentional production Each Party shall at a minimum take the following measures to reduce the total releases derived from anthropogenic sources
each
the chemicals listed in Annex C, with the goal
their continuing minimization and, where feasible, ultimate elimination: (a) Develop an action plan or, where appropriate, a regional or subregional action plan within two years
the date
entry into force
this Convention for it, and subsequently implement it as part
its implementation plan specified in Article 7, designed to identify, characterize and address the release
the chemicals listed in Annex C and to facilitate implementation
subparagraphs (
current and projected releases, including the development and maintenance
source inventories and release estimates, taking into consideration the source categories identified in Annex C; (ii) An evaluation
the efficacy
the laws and policies
the Party relating to the management
such releases; (iii) Strategies to meet the obligations
this paragraph, taking into account the evaluations in (
, those strategies; (v) A review every five years
those strategies and
their success in meeting the obligations
this paragraph; such reviews shall be included in reports submitted pursuant to Article 15; (vi) A schedule for implementation
the action plan, including for the strategies and measures identified therein; (b) Promote the application
available, feasible and practical measures that can expeditiously achieve a realistic and meaningful level
release reduction or source elimination; (c) Promote the development and, where it deems appropriate, require the use
substitute or modified materials, products and processes to prevent the formation and release
the chemicals listed in Annex C, taking into consideration the general guidance on prevention and release reduction measures in Annex C and guidelines to be adopted by decision
the Conference
the Parties; (d) Promote and, in accordance with the implementation schedule
its action plan, require the use
best available techniques for new sources within source categories which a Party has identified as warranting such action in its action plan, with a particular initial focus on source categories identified in Part II
Annex C. In any case, the requirement to use best available techniques for new sources in the categories listed in Part II
that Annex shall be phased in as soon as practicable but no later than four years after the entry into force
the Convention for that Party. For the identified categories, Parties shall promote the use
best environmental practices. When applying best available techniques and best environmental practices, Parties should take into consideration the general guidance on prevention and release reduction measures in that Annex and guidelines on best available techniques and best environmental practices to be adopted by decision
the Conference
the Parties; (e) Promote, in accordance with its action plan, the use
best available techniques and best environmental practices: (i) For existing sources, within the source categories listed in Part II
Annex C and within source categories such as those in Part III
that Annex; and (ii) For new sources, within source categories such as those listed in Part III
Annex C which a Party has not addressed under subparagraph (d). When applying best available techniques and best environmental practices, Parties should take into consideration the general guidance on prevention and release reduction measures in Annex C and guidelines on best available techniques and best environmental practices to be adopted by decision
the Conference
the Parties; (f) For the purposes
this paragraph and Annex C: (i) „Best available techniques” means the most effective and advanced stage in the development
activities and their methods
operation which indicate the practical suitability
particular techniques for providing in principle the basis for release limitations designed to prevent and, where that is not practicable, generally to reduce releases
chemicals listed in Part I
Annex C and their impact on the environment as a whole. In this regard: (
protection
the environment as a whole; (v) „Best environmental practices” means the application
the most appropriate combination
environmental control measures and strategies; (vi) „New source” means any source
which the construction or substantial modification is commenced at least one year after the date
: a. Entry into force
this Convention for the Party concerned; or b. Entry into force for the Party concerned
an amendment to Annex C where the source becomes subject to the provisions
this Convention only by virtue
that amendment. (g) Release limit values or performance standards may be used by a Party to fulfill its commitments for best available techniques under this paragraph. Article 6 Measures to reduce or eliminate releases from stockpiles and wastes 1. In order to ensure that stockpiles consisting
or containing chemicals listed either in Annex A or Annex B and wastes, including products and articles upon becoming wastes, consisting
, containing or contaminated with a chemical listed in Annex A, B or C, are managed in a manner protective
human health and the environment, each Party shall: (
or containing chemicals listed either in Annex A or Annex B; and (ii) Products and articles in use and wastes consisting
, containing or contaminated with a chemical listed in Annex A, B or C; (b) Identify, to the extent practicable, stockpiles consisting
or containing chemicals listed either in Annex A or Annex B on the basis
the strategies referred to in subparagraph (a); (c) Manage stockpiles, as appropriate, in a safe, efficient and environmentally sound manner. Stockpiles
chemicals listed either in Annex A or Annex B, after they are no longer allowed to be used according to any specific exemption specified in Annex A or any specific exemption or acceptable purpose specified in Annex B, except stockpiles which are allowed to be exported according to paragraph 2
, shall be deemed to be waste and shall be managed in accordance with subparagraph (d); (
in such a way that the persistent organic pollutant content is destroyed or irreversibly transformed so that they do not exhibit the characteristics
persistent organic pollutants or otherwise disposed
in an environmentally sound manner when destruction or irreversible transformation does not represent the environmentally preferable option or the persistent organic pollutant content is low, taking into account international rules, standards, and guidelines, including those that may be developed pursuant to paragraph 2, and relevant global and regional regimes governing the management
hazardous wastes; (iii) Not permitted to be subjected to disposal operations that may lead to recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct reuse or alternative uses
persistent organic pollutants; and (
those sites is undertaken it shall be performed in an environmentally sound manner. 2. The Conference
the Parties shall cooperate closely with the appropriate bodies
the Basel Convention on the Control
Transboundary Movements
Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal to, inter alia: (a) Establish levels
destruction and irreversible transformation necessary to ensure that the characteristics
persistent organic pollutants as specified in paragraph 1
Annex D are not exhibited; (
the chemicals listed in Annexes A, B and C in order to define the low persistent organic pollutant content referred to in paragraph 1 (d)(ii). Article 7 Implementation plans 1. Each Party shall: (a) Develop and endeavour to implement a plan for the implementation
its obligations under this Convention; (b) Transmit its implementation plan to the Conference
the Parties within two years
the date on which this Convention enters into force, for it; and (c) Review and update, as appropriate, its implementation plan on a periodic basis and in a manner to be specified by a decision
the Conference
the Parties. 2. The Parties shall, where appropriate, cooperate directly or through global, regional and subregional organizations, and consult their national stakeholders, including women’s groups and groups involved in the health
children, in order to facilitate the development, implementation and updating
their implementation plans. 3. The Parties shall endeavour to utilize and, where necessary, establish the means to integrate national implementation plans for persistent organic pollutants in their sustainable development strategies where appropriate. Article 8 Listing
chemicals in Annexes A, B and C
the Committee available to all Parties and observers and invite them to submit the information specified in Annex E; or (b) It is not satisfied that the screening criteria have been fulfilled, it shall, through the Secretariat, inform all Parties and observers and make the proposal and the evaluation
the Committee available to all Parties and the proposal shall be set aside.
the Party as well as a justification for additional consideration by the Committee. If, following this procedure, the Committee again sets the proposal aside, the Party may challenge the decision
the Committee and the Conference
the Parties shall consider the matter at its next session. The Conference
the Parties may decide, based on the screening criteria in Annex D and taking into account the evaluation
the Committee and any additional information provided by any Party or observer, that the proposal should proceed. 6. Where the Committee has decided that the screening criteria have been fulfilled, or the Conference
the Parties has decided that the proposal should proceed, the Committee shall further review the proposal, taking into account any relevant additional information received, and shall prepare a draft risk profile in accordance with Annex E. It shall, through the Secretariat, make that draft available to all Parties and observers, collect technical comments from them and, taking those comments into account, complete the risk profile. 7. If, on the basis
the risk profile conducted in accordance with Annex E, the Committee decides: (a) That the chemical is likely as a result
its long-range environmental transport to lead to significant adverse human health and/or environmental effects such that global action is warranted, the proposal shall proceed. Lack
full scientific certainty shall not prevent the proposal from proceeding. The Committee shall, through the Secretariat, invite information from all Parties and observers relating to the considerations specified in Annex F. It shall then prepare a risk management evaluation that includes an analysis
possible control measures for the chemical in accordance with that Annex; or (b) That the proposal should not proceed, it shall, through the Secretariat, make the risk profile available to all Parties and observers and set the proposal aside. 8. For any proposal set aside pursuant to paragraph 7 (b), a Party may request the Conference
the Parties to consider instructing the Committee to invite additional information from the proposing Party and other Parties during a period not to exceed one year. After that period and on the basis
any information received, the Committee shall reconsider the proposal pursuant to paragraph 6 with a priority to be decided by the Conference
the Parties. If, following this procedure, the Committee again sets the proposal aside, the Party may challenge the decision
the Committee and the Conference
the Parties shall consider the matter at its next session. The Conference
the Parties may decide, based on the risk profile prepared in accordance with Annex E and taking into account the evaluation
the Committee and any additional information provided by any Party or observer, that the proposal should proceed. If the Conference
the Parties decides that the proposal shall proceed, the Committee shall then prepare the risk management evaluation. 9. The Committee shall, based on the risk profile referred to in paragraph 6 and the risk management evaluation referred to in paragraph 7 (a) or paragraph 8, recommend whether the chemical should be considered by the Conference
the Parties for listing in Annexes A, B and/or C. The Conference
the Parties, taking due account
the recommendations
the Committee, including any scientific uncertainty, shall decide, in a precautionary manner, whether to list the chemical, and specify its related control measures, in Annexes A, B and/or C. Article 9 Information exchange 1. Each Party shall facilitate or undertake the exchange
information relevant to: (a) The reduction or elimination
the production, use and release
persistent organic pollutants; and (b) Alternatives to persistent organic pollutants, including information relating to their risks as well as to their economic and social costs.
such information.
this Convention, information on health and safety
humans and the environment shall not be regarded as confidential. Parties that exchange other information pursuant to this Convention shall protect any confidential information as mutually agreed. Article 10 Public information, awareness and education 1. Each Party shall, within its capabilities, promote and facilitate: (a) Awareness among its policy and decision makers with regard to persistent organic pollutants; (b) Provision to the public
all available information on persistent organic pollutants, taking into account paragraph 5
; (c) Development and implementation, especially for women, children and the least educated,
educational and public awareness programmes on persistent organic pollutants, as well as on their health and environmental effects and on their alternatives; (d) Public participation in addressing persistent organic pollutants and their health and environmental effects and in developing adequate responses, including opportunities for providing input at the national level regarding implementation
this Convention; (e) Training
workers, scientists, educators and technical and managerial personnel; (f) Development and exchange
educational and public awareness materials at the national and international levels; and (g) Development and implementation
education and training programmes at the national and international levels.
the information referred to in paragraph 1 at the national level and, as appropriate, subregional, regional and global levels. 4. In providing information on persistent organic pollutants and their alternatives, Parties may use safety data sheets, reports, mass media and other means
communication, and may establish information centres at national and regional levels. 5. Each Party shall give sympathetic consideration to developing mechanisms, such as pollutant release and transfer registers, for the collection and dissemination
information on estimates
the annual quantities
the chemicals listed in Annex A, B or C that are released or disposed
. Article 11 Research, development and monitoring 1. The Parties shall, within their capabilities, at the national and international levels, encourage and/or undertake appropriate research, development, monitoring and cooperation pertaining to persistent organic pollutants and, where relevant, to their alternatives and to candidate persistent organic pollutants, including on their: (
generating sources and analytical techniques for the measurement
releases. 2. In undertaking action under paragraph 1, the Parties shall, within their capabilities: (a) Support and further develop, as appropriate, international programmes, networks and organizations aimed at defining, conducting, assessing and financing research, data collection and monitoring, taking into account the need to minimize duplication
effort; (b) Support national and international efforts to strengthen national scientific and technical research capabilities, particularly in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, and to promote access to, and the exchange
, data and analyses; (c) Take into account the concerns and needs, particularly in the field
financial and technical resources,
developing countries and countries with economies in transition and cooperate in improving their capability to participate in the efforts referred to in subparagraphs (a) and (b); (d) Undertake research work geared towards alleviating the effects
persistent organic pollutants on reproductive health; (e) Make the results
their research, development and monitoring activities referred to in this paragraph accessible to the public on a timely and regular basis; and (f) Encourage and/or undertake cooperation with regard to storage and maintenance
information generated from research, development and monitoring. Article 12 Technical assistance 1. The Parties recognize that rendering
timely and appropriate technical assistance in response to requests from developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition is essential to the successful implementation
this Convention.
the obligations under this Convention. Further guidance in this regard shall be provided by the Conference
the Parties. 4. The Parties shall establish, as appropriate, arrangements for the purpose
providing technical assistance and promoting the transfer
technology to developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition relating to the implementation
this Convention. These arrangements shall include regional and subregional centres for capacity-building and transfer
technology to assist developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition to fulfil their obligations under this Convention. Further guidance in this regard shall be provided by the Conference
the Parties. 5. The Parties shall, in the context
this Article, take full account
the specific needs and special situation
least developed countries and small island developing states in their actions with regard to technical assistance. Article 13 Financial resources and mechanisms 1. Each Party undertakes to provide, within its capabilities, financial support and incentives in respect
those national activities that are intended to achieve the objective
this Convention in accordance with its national plans, priorities and programmes. 2. The developed country Parties shall provide new and additional financial resources to enable developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition to meet the agreed full incremental costs
implementing measures which fulfill their obligations under this Convention as agreed between a recipient Party and an entity participating in the mechanism described in paragraph 6. Other Parties may also on a voluntary basis and in accordance with their capabilities provide such financial resources. Contributions from other sources should also be encouraged. The implementation
these commitments shall take into account the need for adequacy, predictability, the timely flow
funds and the importance
burden sharing among the contributing Parties. 3. Developed country Parties, and other Parties in accordance with their capabilities and in accordance with their national plans, priorities and programmes, may also provide and developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition avail themselves
financial resources to assist in their implementation
this Convention through other bilateral, regional and multilateral sources or channels. 4. The extent to which the developing country Parties will effectively implement their commitments under this Convention will depend on the effective implementation by developed country Parties
their commitments under this Convention relating to financial resources, technical assistance and technology transfer. The fact that sustainable economic and social development and eradication
poverty are the first and overriding priorities
the developing country Parties will be taken fully into account, giving due consideration to the need for the protection
human health and the environment. 5. The Parties shall take full account
the specific needs and special situation
the least developed countries and the small island developing states in their actions with regard to funding. 6. A mechanism for the provision
adequate and sustainable financial resources to developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition on a grant or concessional basis to assist in their implementation
the Convention is hereby defined. The mechanism shall function under the authority, as appropriate, and guidance
, and be accountable to the Conference
the Parties for the purposes
this Convention. Its operation shall be entrusted to one or more entities, including existing international entities, as may be decided upon by the Conference
the Parties. The mechanism may also include other entities providing multilateral, regional and bilateral financial and technical assistance. Contributions to the mechanism shall be additional to other financial transfers to developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition as reflected in, and in accordance with, paragraph 2. 7. Pursuant to the objectives
this Convention and paragraph 6, the Conference
the Parties shall at its first meeting adopt appropriate guidance to be provided to the mechanism and shall agree with the entity or entities participating in the financial mechanism upon arrangements to give effect thereto. The guidance shall address, inter alia: (a) The determination
the policy, strategy and programme priorities, as well as clear and detailed criteria and guidelines regarding eligibility for access to and utilization
financial resources including monitoring and evaluation on a regular basis
such utilization; (b) The provision by the entity or entities
regular reports to the Conference
the Parties on adequacy and sustainability
funding for activities relevant to the implementation
this Convention; (c) The promotion
multiple-source funding approaches, mechanisms and arrangements; (d) The modalities for the determination in a predictable and identifiable manner
the amount
funding necessary and available for the implementation
this Convention, keeping in mind that the phasing out
persistent organic pollutants might require sustained funding, and the conditions under which that amount shall be periodically reviewed; and (e) The modalities for the provision to interested Parties
assistance with needs assessment, information on available sources
funds and on funding patterns in order,to facilitate coordination among them. 8. The Conference
the Parties shall review, not later than its second meeting and thereafter on a regular basis, the effectiveness
the mechanism established under this Article, its ability to address the changing needs
the developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition, the criteria and guidance referred to in paragraph 7, the level
funding as well as the effectiveness
the performance
the institutional entities entrusted to operate the financial mechanism. It shall, based on such review, take appropriate action, if necessary, to improve the effectiveness
the mechanism, including by means
recommendations and guidance on measures to ensure adequate and sustainable funding to meet the needs
the Parties. Article 14 Interim financial arrangements The institutional structure
the Global Environment Facility, operated in accordance with the Instrument for the Establishment
the Restructured Global Environment Facility, shall, on an interim basis, be the principal entity entrusted with the operations
the financial mechanism referred to in Article 13, for the period between the date
entry into force
this Convention and the first meeting
the Conference
the Parties, or until such time as the Conference
the Parties decides which institutional structure will be designated in accordance with Article 13. The institutional structure
the Global Environment Facility should fulfill this function through operational measures related specifically to persistent organic pollutants taking into account that new arrangements for this area may be needed. Article 15 Reporting 1. Each Party shall report to the Conference
the Parties on the measures it has taken to implement the provisions
this Convention and on the effectiveness
such measures in meeting the objectives
the Convention. 2. Each Party shall provide to the Secretariat: (a) Statistical data on its total quantities
production, import and export
each
the chemicals listed in Annex A and Annex B or a reasonable estimate
such data; and (b) To the extent practicable, a list
the States from which it has imported each such substance and the States to which it has exported each such substance. 3. Such reporting shall be at periodic intervals and in a format to be decided by the Conference
the Parties at its first meeting. Article 16 Effectiveness evaluation 1. Commencing four years after the date
entry into force
this Convention, and periodically thereafter at intervals to be decided by the Conference
the Parties, the Conference shall evaluate the effectiveness
this Convention. 2. In order to facilitate such evaluation, the Conference
the Parties shall, at its first meeting, initiate the establishment
arrangements to provide itself with comparable monitoring data on the presence
the chemicals listed in Annexes A, B and C as well as their regional and global environmental transport. These arrangements: (a) Should be implemented by the Parties on a regional basis when appropriate, in accordance with their technical and financial capabilities, using existing monitoring programmes and mechanisms to the extent possible and promoting harmonization
approaches; (
the Parties on the results
the monitoring activities on a regional and global basis at intervals to be specified by the Conference
the Parties. 3. The evaluation described in paragraph 1 shall be conducted on the basis
available scientific, environmental, technical and economic information, including: (
the Parties shall, as soon as practicable, develop and approve procedures and institutional mechanisms for determining non-compliance with the provisions
this Convention and for the treatment
Parties found to be in non-compliance. Article 18 Settlement
disputes 1. Parties shall settle any dispute between them concerning the interpretation or application
this Convention through negotiation or other peaceful means
their own choice. 2. When ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to the Convention, or at any time thereafter, a Party that is not a regional economic integration organization may declare in a written instrument submitted to the depositary that, with respect to any dispute concerning the interpretation or application
the Convention, it recognizes one or both
the following means
dispute settlement as compulsory in relation to any Party accepting the same obligation: (a) Arbitration in accordance with procedures to be adopted by the Conference
the Parties in an annex as soon as practicable; (b) Submission
the dispute to the International Court
Justice.
its revocation has been deposited with the depositary. 5. The expiry
a declaration, a notice
revocation or a new declaration shall not in any way affect proceedings pending before an arbitral tribunal or the International Court
Justice unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree. 6. If the parties to a dispute have not accepted the same or any procedure pursuant to paragraph 2, and if they have not been able to settle their dispute within twelve months following notification by one party to another that a dispute exists between them, the dispute shall be submitted to a conciliation commission at the request
any party to the dispute. The conciliation commission shall render a report with recommendations. Additional procedures relating to the conciliation commission shall be included in an annex to be adopted by the Conference
the Parties no later than at its second meeting. Article 19 Conference
the Parties 1. A Conference
the Parties is hereby established. 2. The first meeting
the Conference
the Parties shall be convened by the Executive Director
the United Nations Environment Programme no later than one year after the entry into force
this Convention. Thereafter, ordinary meetings
the Conference
the Parties shall be held at regular intervals to be decided by the Conference. 3. Extraordinary meetings
the Conference
the Parties shall be held at such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Conference, or at the written request
any Party provided that it is supported by at least one third
the Parties. 4. The Conference
the Parties shall by consensus agree upon and adopt at its first meeting rules
procedure and financial rules for itself and any subsidiary bodies, as well as financial provisions governing the functioning
the Secretariat. 5. The Conference
the Parties shall keep under continuous review and evaluation the implementation
this Convention. It shall perform the functions assigned to it by the Convention and, to this end, shall: (a) Establish, further to the requirements
paragraph 6, such subsidiary bodies as it considers necessary for the implementation
the Convention; (
the effectiveness
paragraph 2 (b) (iii)
; (d) Consider and undertake any additional action that may be required for the achievement
the objectives
the Convention. 6. The Conference
the Parties shall, at its first meeting, establish a subsidiary body to be called the Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee for the purposes
performing the functions assigned to that Committee by this Convention. In this regard: (a) The members
the Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee shall be appointed by the Conference
the Parties. Membership
the Committee shall consist
government-designated experts in chemical assessment or management. The members
the Committee shall be appointed on the basis
equitable geographical distribution; (b) The Conference
the Parties shall decide on the terms
reference, organization and operation
the Committee; and (c) The Committee shall make every effort to adopt its recommendations by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no consensus reached, such recommendation shall as a last resort be adopted by a two-thirds majority vote
the members present and voting. 7. The Conference
the Parties shall, at its third meeting, evaluate the continued need for the procedure contained in paragraph 2 (b)
, including consideration
its effectiveness. 8. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as well as any State not Party to this Convention, may be represented at meetings
the Conference
the Parties as observers. Any body or agency, whether national or international, governmental or non-governmental, qualified in matters covered by the Convention, and which has informed the Secretariat
its wish to be represented at a meeting
the Conference
the Parties as an observer may be admitted unless at least one third
the Parties present object. The admission and participation
observers shall be subject to the rules
procedure adopted by the Conference
the Parties. Article 20 Secretariat
the Secretariat shall be: (a) To make arrangements for meetings
the Conference
the Parties and its subsidiary bodies and to provide them with services as required; (b) To facilitate assistance to the Parties, particularly developing country Parties and Parties with economies in transition, on request, in the implementation
this Convention; (c) To ensure the necessary coordination with the secretariats
other relevant international bodies; (
the Conference
the Parties, into such administrative and contractual arrangements as may be required for the effective discharge
its functions; and (f) To perform the other secretariat functions specified in this Convention and such other functions as may be determined by the Conference
the Parties. 3. The secretariat functions for this Convention shall be performed by the Executive Director
the United Nations Environment Programme, unless the Conference
the Parties decides, by a three-fourths majority
the Parties present and voting, to entrust the secretariat functions to one or more other international organizations. Article 21 Amendments to the Convention
the Conference
the Parties. The text
any proposed amendment shall be communicated to the Parties by the Secretariat at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The Secretariat shall also communicate proposed amendments to the signatories to this Convention and, for information, to the depositary. 3. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed amendment to this Convention by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the amendment shall as a last resort be adopted by a three-fourths majority vote
the Parties present and voting.
an amendment shall be notified to the depositary in writing. An amendment adopted in accordance with paragraph 3 shall enter into force for the Parties having accepted it on the ninetieth day after the date
deposit
instruments
ratification, acceptance or approval by at least three-fourths
the Parties. Thereafter, the amendment shall enter into force for any other Party on the ninetieth day after the date on which that Party deposits its instrument
ratification, acceptance or approval
the amendment. Article 22 Adoption and amendment
annexes
additional annexes to this Convention: (a) Additional annexes shall be proposed and adopted according to the procedure laid down in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3
; (b) Any Party that is unable to accept an additional annex shall so notify the depositary, in writing, within one year from the date
communication by the depositary
the adoption
the additional annex. The depositary shall without delay notify all Parties
any such notification received. A Party may at any time withdraw a previous notification
non-acceptance in respect
any additional annex, and the annex shall thereupon enter into force for that Party subject to subparagraph (c); and (c) On the expiry
one year from the date
the communication by the depositary
the adoption
an additional annex, the annex shall enter into force for all Parties that have not submitted a notification in accordance with the provisions
subparagraph (b). 4. The proposal, adoption and entry into force
amendments to Annex A, B or C shall be subject to the same procedures as for the proposal, adoption and entry into force
additional annexes to this Convention, except that an amendment to Annex A, B or C shall not enter into force with respect to any Party that has made a declaration with respect to amendment to those Annexes in accordance with paragraph 4
, in which case any such amendment shall enter into force for such a Party on the ninetieth day after the date
deposit with the depositary
its instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession with respect to such amendment. 5. The following procedure shall apply to the proposal, adoption and entry into force
an amendment to Annex D, E or F: (a) Amendments shall be proposed according to the procedure in paragraphs 1 and 2
; (
votes equal to the number
its member States that are Parties to this Convention. Such an organization shall not exercise its right to vote if any
its member States exercises its right to vote, and vice versa. Article 24 Signature This Convention shall be open for signature at Stockholm by all States and regional economic integration organizations on 23 May 2001, and at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 24 May 2001 to 22 May
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be deposited with the depositary. 2. Any regional economic integration organization that becomes a Party to this Convention without any
its member States being a Party shall be bound by all the obligations under the Convention. In the case
such organizations, one or more
whose member States is a Party to this Convention, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for the performance
their obligations under the Convention. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under the Convention concurrently. 3. In its instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, a regional economic integration organization shall declare the extent
its competence in respect
the matters governed by this Convention. Any such organization shall also inform the depositary, who shall in turn inform the Parties,
any relevant modification in the extent
its competence. 4. In its instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, any Party may declare that, with respect to it, any amendment to Annex A, B or C shall enter into force only upon the deposit
its instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession with respect thereto. Article 26 Entry into force 1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date
deposit
the fiftieth instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. 2. For each State or regional economic integration organization that ratifies, accepts or approves this Convention or accedes thereto after the deposit
the fiftieth instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date
deposit by such State or regional economic integration organization
its instrument
ratification, acceptance, approval or accession. 3. For the purpose
paragraphs 1 and 2, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by member States
that organization. Article 27 Reservations No reservations may be made to this Convention. Article 28 Withdrawal
one year from the date
receipt by the depositary
the notification
withdrawal, or on such later date as may be specified in the notification
withdrawal. Article 29 Depositary The Secretary-General
the United Nations shall be the depositary
this Convention. Article 30 Authentic texts The original
this Convention,
which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General
the United Nations. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Convention. Done at Stockholm on this twenty-second day
May, two thousand and one. Annex A ELIMINATION Part I Chemical Activity Specific exemption Aldrin* Production None CAS No: 309–00–2 Use Local ectoparasiticideInsecticide Chlordane*CAS No: 57–74–9 Production As allowed for the Parties listed in the Register Use Local ectoparasiticideInsecticideTermiticideTermiticide in buildings and damsTermiticide in roads1. Additive in plywood adhesives Dieldrin* Production None CAS No: 60–57–1 Use In agricultural operations Endrin* Production None CAS No: 72–20–8 Use None Heptachlor* Production None CAS No: 76–44–8 Use TermiticideTermiticide in structures
housesTermiticide (subterranean)Wood treatmentIn use in underground cable boxes Hexachlorobenzene Production As allowed for the CAS No: 118–74–1 Parties listed in the Register Use Intermediate Solvent in pesticideClosed system site limited intermediate Mirex* CAS No: 2385–85–5 Production As allowed for the Parties listed in the Register Use Termiticide Toxaphene* Production None CAS No: 8001–35–2 Use None Polychlorinated Production None Biphenyls (PCB)* Use Articles in use in accordance with the provisions
this Annex Notes: (i) Except as otherwise specified in this Convention, quantities
a chemical occurring as unintentional trace contaminants in products and articles shall not be considered to be listed in this Annex; (ii) This note shall not be considered as a production and use specific exemption for purposes
paragraph 2
. Quantities
a chemical occurring as constituents
articles manufactured or already in use before or on the date
entry into force
the relevant obligation with respect to that chemical, shall not be considered as listed in this Annex, provided that a Party has notified the Secretariat that a particular type
article remains in use within that Party. The Secretariat shall make such notifications publicly available; (iii) This note, which does not apply to a chemical that has an asterisk following its name in the Chemical column in Part I
this Annex, shall not be considered as a production and use specific exemption for purposes
paragraph 2
. Given that no significant quantities
the chemical are expected to reach humans and the environment during the production and use
a closed-system site-limited intermediate, a Party, upon notification to the Secretariat, may allow the production and use
quantities
a chemical listed in this Annex as a closed-system site-limited intermediate that is chemically transformed in the manufacture
other chemicals that, taking into consideration the criteria in paragraph 1
Annex D, do not exhibit the characteristics
persistent organic pollutants. This notification shall include information on total production and use
such chemical or a reasonable estimate
such information and information regarding the nature
the closed-system site-limited process including the amount
any non-transformed and unintentional trace contamination
the persistent organic pollutant-starting material in the final product. This procedure applies except as otherwise specified in this Annex. The Secretariat shall make such notifications available to the Conference
the Parties and to the public. Such production or use shall not be considered a production or use specific exemption. Such production and use shall cease after a ten-year period, unless the Party concerned submits a new notification to the Secretariat, in which case the period will be extended for an additional ten years unless the Conference
the Parties, after a review
the production and use decides otherwise. The notification procedure can be repeated; (iv) All the specific exemptions in this Annex may be exercised by Parties that have registered exemptions in respect
them in accordance with Article 4 with the exception
the use
polychlorinated biphenyls in articles in use in accordance with the provisions
this Annex, which may be exercised by all Parties. Part II Polychlorinated biphenyls Each Party shall: (a) With regard to the elimination
the use
polychlorinated biphenyls in equipment (e.g. transformers, capacitors or other receptacles containing liquid stocks) by 2025, subject to review by the Conference
the Parties, take action in accordance with the following priorities: (
polychlorinated biphenyls: (
food or feed; (iii) When used in populated areas, including schools and hospitals, all reasonable measures to protect from electrical failure which could result in a fire, and regular inspection
equipment for leaks; (c) Notwithstanding paragraph 2
, ensure that equipment containing polychlorinated biphenyls, as described in subparagraph (a), shall not be exported or imported except for the purpose
environmentally sound waste management; (d) Except for maintenance and servicing operations, not allow recovery for the purpose
reuse in other equipment
liquids with polychlorinated biphenyls content above 0.005 per cent; (e) Make determined efforts designed to lead to environmentally sound waste management
liquids containing polychlorinated biphenyls and equipment contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls having a polychlorinated biphenyls content above 0.005 per cent, in accordance with paragraph 1
, as soon as possible but no later than 2028, subject to review by the Conference
the Parties; (f) In lieu
note (ii) in Part I
this Annex, endeavour to identify other articles containing more than 0.005 per cent polychlorinated biphenyls (e.g. cable-sheaths, cured caulk and painted objects) and manage them in accordance with paragraph 1
; (g) Provide a report every five years on progress in eliminating polychlorinated biphenyls and submit it to the Conference
the Parties pursuant to Article 15; (
the Parties in its reviews relating to polychlorinated biphenyls. The Conference
the Parties shall review progress towards elimination
polychlorinated biphenyls at five year intervals or other period, as appropriate, taking into account such reports. Annex B RESTRICTION Part I Chemical Activity Acceptable purpose or specific exemption DDT(1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chloro-phenyl)ethane)CAS No: 50–29–3 Production Acceptable purpose: Disease vector control use in accordance with Part II
this Annex Specific exemption: Intermediate in production
dicofol Intermediate Use Acceptable purpose: Disease vector control in accordance with Part II
this Annex Specific exemption: Production
dicofol Intermediate Notes: (i) Except as otherwise specified in this Convention, quantities
a chemical occurring as unintentional trace contaminants in products and articles shall not be considered to be listed in this Annex; (ii) This note shall not be considered as a production and use acceptable purpose or specific exemption for purposes
paragraph 2
. Quantities
a chemical occurring as constituents
articles manufactured or already in use before or on the date
entry into force
the relevant obligation with respect to that chemical, shall not be considered as listed in this Annex, provided that a Party has notified the Secretariat that a particular type
article remains in use within that Party. The Secretariat shall make such notifications publicly available; (iii) This note shall not be considered as a production and use specific exemption for purposes
paragraph 2
. Given that no significant quantities
the chemical are expected to reach humans and the environment during the production and use
a closed-system site-limited intermediate, a Party, upon notification to the Secretariat, may allow the production and use
quantities
a chemical listed in this Annex as a closed-system site-limited intermediate that is chemically transformed in the manufacture
other chemicals that, taking into consideration the criteria in paragraph 1
Annex D, do not exhibit the characteristics
persistent organic pollutants. This notification shall include information on total production and use
such chemical or a reasonable estimate
such information and information regarding the nature
the closed-system site-limited process including the amount
any non-transformed and unintentional trace contamination
the persistent organic pollutant-starting material in the final product. This procedure applies except as otherwise specified in this Annex. The Secretariat shall make such notifications available to the Conference
the Parties and to the public. Such production or use shall not be considered a production or use specific exemption. Such production and use shall cease after a ten-year period, unless the Party concerned submits a new notification to the Secretariat, in which case the period will be extended for an additional ten years unless the Conference
the Parties, after a review
the production and use decides otherwise. The notification procedure can be repeated; (iv) All the specific exemptions in this Annex may be exercised by Parties that have registered in respect
them in accordance with Article
DDT shall be eliminated except for Parties that have notified the Secretariat
their intention to produce and/or use it. A DDT Register is hereby established and shall be available to the public. The Secretariat shall maintain the DDT Register. 2. Each Party that produces and/or uses DDT shall restrict such production and/or use for disease vector control in accordance with the World Health Organization recommendations and guidelines on the use
DDT and when locally safe, effective and affordable alternatives are not available to the Party in question.
such use and its relevance to that Party’s disease management strategy, in a format to be decided by the Conference
the Parties in consultation with the World Health Organization. 5. With the goal
reducing and ultimately eliminating the use
DDT, the Conference
the Parties shall encourage: (a) Each Party using DDT to develop and implement an action plan as part
the implementation plan specified in Article 7. That action plan shall include: (i) Development
regulatory and other mechanisms to ensure that DDT use is restricted to disease vector control; (ii) Implementation
suitable alternative products, methods and strategies, including resistance management strategies to ensure the continuing effectiveness
these alternatives; (iii) Measures to strengthen health care and to reduce the incidence
the disease. (b) The Parties, within their capabilities, to promote research and development
safe alternative chemical and non-chemical products, methods and strategies for Parties using DDT, relevant to the conditions
those countries and with the goal
decreasing the human and economic burden
disease. Factors to be promoted when considering alternatives or combinations
alternatives shall include the human health risks and environmental implications
such alternatives. Viable alternatives to DDT shall pose less risk to human health and the environment, be suitable for disease control based on conditions in the Parties in question and be supported with monitoring data. 6. Commencing at its first meeting, and at least every three years thereafter, the Conference
the Parties shall, in consultation with the World Health Organization, evaluate the continued need for DDT for disease vector control on the basis
available scientific, technical, environmental and economic information, including: (a) The production and use
DDT and the conditions set out in paragraph 2; (b) The availability, suitability and implementation
the alternatives to DDT; and (c) Progress in strengthening the capacity
countries to transfer safely to reliance on such alternatives. 7. A Party may, at any time, withdraw its name from the DDT Registry upon written notification to the Secretariat. The withdrawal shall take effect on the date specified in the notification. Annex C UNINTENTIONAL PRODUCTION Part I Persistent organic pollutants subject to the requirements
This Annex applies to the following persistent organic pollutants when formed and released unintentionally from anthropogenic sources: Chemical Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDF) Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (CAS No: 118–74–1) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) Part II Source categories Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, hexachlorobenzene and polychlorinated biphenyls are unintentionally formed and released from thermal processes involving organic matter and chlorine as a result
incomplete combustion or chemical reactions. The following industrial source categories have the potential for comparatively high formation and release
these chemicals to the environment: (a) Waste incinerators, including co-incinerators
municipal, hazardous or medical waste or
sewage sludge; (
pulp using elemental chlorine or chemicals generating elemental chlorine for bleaching; (
waste, including burning
landfill sites; (
chlorophenols and chloranil; (
animal carcasses; (
end
life vehicles; (l) Smouldering
copper cables; (m) Waste oil refineries. Part IV Definitions 1. For the purposes
this Annex: (
which may be replaced by up to eight chlorine atoms. 2. In this Annex, the toxicity
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans is expressed using the concept
toxic equivalency which measures the relative dioxin-like toxic activity
different congeners
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in comparison to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The toxic equivalent factor values to be used for the purposes
this Convention shall be consistent with accepted international standards, commencing with the World Health Organization 1998 mammalian toxic equivalent factor values for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls. Concentrations are expressed in toxic equivalents. Part V General guidance on best available techniques and best environmental practices This Part provides general guidance to Parties on preventing or reducing releases
the chemicals listed in Part I. A. General prevention measures relating to both best available techniques and best environmental practices Priority should be given to the consideration
approaches to prevent the formation and release
the chemicals listed in Part I. Useful measures could include: (a) The use
low-waste technology; (b) The use
less hazardous substances; (c) The promotion
the recovery and recycling
waste and
substances generated and used in a process; (d) Replacement
feed materials which are persistent organic pollutants or where there is a direct link between the materials and releases
persistent organic pollutants from the source; (
the cessation
open and other uncontrolled burning
wastes, including the burning
landfill sites. When considering proposals to construct new waste disposal facilities, consideration should be given to alternatives such as activities to minimize the generation
municipal and medical waste, including resource recovery, reuse, recycling, waste separation and promoting products that generate less waste. Under this approach, public health concerns should be carefully considered; (g) Minimization
these chemicals as contaminants in products; (h) Avoiding elemental chlorine or chemicals generating elemental chlorine for bleaching. B. Best available techniques The concept
best available techniques is not aimed at the prescription
any specific technique or technology, but at taking into account the technical characteristics
the installation concerned, its geographical location and the local environmental conditions. Appropriate control techniques to reduce releases
the chemicals listed in Part I are in general the same. In determining best available techniques, special consideration should be given, generally or in specific cases, to the following factors, bearing in mind the likely costs and benefits
a measure and consideration
precaution and prevention: (
the releases concerned: techniques may vary depending on source size; (
raw materials used in the process and its energy efficiency; (v) The need to prevent or reduce to a minimum the overall impact
the releases to the environment and the risks to it; (vi) The need to prevent accidents and to minimize their consequences for the environment; (vii) The need to ensure occupational health and safety at workplaces; (viii) Comparable processes, facilities or methods
operation which have been tried with success on an industrial scale; (
such chemicals. In cases where such facilities will be constructed or significantly modified, in addition to the prevention measures outlined in section A
the following reduction measures could also be considered in determining best available techniques: (i) Use
improved methods for flue-gas cleaning such as thermal or catalytic oxidation, dust precipitation, or adsorption; (ii) Treatment
residuals, wastewater, wastes and sewage sludge by, for example, thermal treatment or rendering them inert or chemical processes that detoxify them; (iii) Process changes that lead to the reduction or elimination
releases, such as moving to closed systems; (iv) Modification
process designs to improve combustion and prevent formation
the chemicals listed in this Annex, through the control
parameters such as incineration temperature or residence time. C. Best environmental practices The Conference
the Parties may develop guidance with regard to best environmental practices. Annex D INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS AND SCREENING CRITERIA 1. A Party submitting a proposal to list a chemical in Annexes A, B and/or C shall identify the chemical in the manner described in subparagraph (
Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) name; and (ii) Structure, including specification
isomers, where applicable, and the structure
the chemical class; (
the chemical in water is greater than two months, or that its half-life in soil is greater than six months, or that its half-life in sediment is greater than six months; or (ii) Evidence that the chemical is otherwise sufficiently persistent to justify its consideration within the scope
this Convention; (
such data, that the log Kow is greater than 5; (ii) Evidence that a chemical presents other reasons for concern, such as high bio-accumulation in other species, high toxicity or ecotoxicity; or (iii) Monitoring data in biota indicating that the bio-accumulation potential
the chemical is sufficient to justify its consideration within the scope
this Convention; (
the chemical in locations distant from the sources
its release that are
potential concern; (ii) Monitoring data showing that long-range environmental transport
the chemical, with the potential for transfer to a receiving environment, may have occurred via air, water or migratory species; or (iii) Environmental fate properties and/or model results that demonstrate that the chemical has a potential for long-range environmental transport through air, water or migratory species, with the potential for transfer to a receiving environment in locations distant from the sources
its release. For a chemical that migrates significantly through the air, its half-life in air should be greater than two days; and (e) Adverse effects: (i) Evidence
adverse effects to human health or to the environment that justifies consideration
the chemical within the scope
this Convention; or (ii) Toxicity or ecotoxicity data that indicate the potential for damage to human health or to the environment. 2. The proposing Party shall provide a statement
the reasons for concern including, where possible, a comparison
toxicity or ecotoxicity data with detected or predicted levels
a chemical resulting or anticipated from its long-range environmental transport, and a short statement indicating the need for global control. 3. The proposing Party shall, to the extent possible and taking into account its capabilities, provide additional information to support the review
the proposal referred to in paragraph 6
. In developing such a proposal, a Party may draw on technical expertise from any source. Annex E INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR THE RISK PROFILE The purpose
the review is to evaluate whether the chemical is likely, as a result
its long-range environmental transport, to lead to significant adverse human health and/or environmental effects, such that global action is warranted. For this purpose, a risk profile shall be developed that further elaborates on, and evaluates, the information referred to in Annex D and includes, as far as possible, the following types
information: (
concern, including a consideration
toxicological interactions involving multiple chemicals; (c) Environmental fate, including data and information on the chemical and physical properties
a chemical as well as its persistence and how they are linked to its environmental transport, transfer within and between environmental compartments, degradation and transformation to other chemicals. A determination
the bio-concentration factor or bio-accumulation factor, based on measured values, shall be available, except when monitoring data are judged to meet this need; (d) Monitoring data; (e) Exposure in local areas and, in particular, as a result
long-range environmental transport, and including information regarding bio-availability; (
the chemical under international conventions. Annex F INFORMATION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS An evaluation should be undertaken regarding possible control measures for chemicals under consideration for inclusion in this Convention, encompassing the full range
options, including management and elimination. For this purpose, relevant information should be provided relating to socioeconomic considerations associated with possible control measures to enable a decision to be taken by the Conference
the Parties. Such information should reflect due regard for the differing capabilities and conditions among the Parties and should include consideration
the following indicative list
items: (a) Efficacy and efficiency
possible control measures in meeting risk reduction goals: (
implementing possible control measures: (
pesticides and clean-up
contaminated sites): (
control and monitoring capacity; and (
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